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Application of a Proposed Multi-Positional Circumferential Arm Liposuction Method and Quantification of its Clinical Efficacy Evaluation. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:1115-1124. [PMID: 33528617 PMCID: PMC8144089 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-020-02121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upper arm liposuction mainly focuses on the posterolateral region, which may lead to a lack of harmony between the aspirated and unaspirated areas. In addition, the treatment effect of arm liposuction is often evaluated only by preoperative and postoperative photograph comparison and simple measurement; quantitative research on this topic is still lacking. METHODS The multi-positional circumferential arm liposuction (MCAL) technique was proposed and applied to a total of 34 females in our hospital from 2017 to 2019. Three-dimensional data of 12 patients before the operation and after 2-3 months were collected and processed by 3D imaging, and the volume reduction rate was evaluated quantitatively. RESULTS The MCAL method was successfully applied in the clinic, and its surgical effect was quantitatively studied. The mean follow-up time of 12 patients was (75.2 ±13.1) days, and the postoperative volume was significantly reduced. The postoperative volume of patients with type I, type II and type III decreased by (10.79 ±2.55)%, (17.25 ±3.02)% and (22.76 ±3.51)%, respectively. CONCLUSION Our new MCAL technique was successful, maximizing the esthetic results in upper limb contour refinements in the superficial fascial layer. The clinical efficacy of this proposed MCAL method was evaluated by CT and 3D digital technology, which provided further accuracy in demonstrating its effect on the shape of the arm. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.com .
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Javaid M, Haleem A, Pratap Singh R, Suman R. Industrial perspectives of 3D scanning: Features, roles and it's analytical applications. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Lewis CJ, Helmholz P, Douglas H, Duncan-Smith M, Wood FM. Estimating tissue expander volume and skin availability using VECTRA Ⓡ 3D imaging software. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 74:644-710. [PMID: 32888870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Lewis
- State Burn Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 11 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | | | - Helen Douglas
- State Burn Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 11 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mark Duncan-Smith
- State Burn Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 11 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Fiona M Wood
- State Burn Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, 11 Robin Warren Drive, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
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Jeon FHK, Griffin M, Almadori A, Varghese J, Bogan S, Younis I, Mosahebi A, Butler PE. Measuring Differential Volume Using the Subtraction Tool for Three-Dimensional Breast Volumetry: A Proof of Concept Study. Surg Innov 2020; 27:659-668. [PMID: 32783704 PMCID: PMC7890686 DOI: 10.1177/1553350620945563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background. Three-dimensional (3D) photography provides a promising means of breast volumetry. Sources of error using a single-captured surface to calculate breast volume include inaccurate designation of breast boundaries and prediction of the invisible chest wall generated by computer software. An alternative approach is to measure differential volume using subtraction of 2 captured surfaces. Objectives. To explore 3D breast volumetry using the subtraction of superimposed images to calculate differential volume. To assess optimal patient positioning for accurate volumetric assessment. Methods. Known volumes of breast enhancers simulated volumetric changes to the breast (n = 12). 3D photographs were taken (3dMDtorso) with the subject positioned upright at 90° and posteriorly inclined at 30°. Patient position, breathing, distance and camera calibration were standardised. Volumetric analysis was performed using 3dMDvultus software. Results. A statistically significant difference was found between actual volume and measured volumes with subjects positioned at 90° (P < .05). No statistical difference was found at 30° (P = .078), but subsequent Bland–Altman analysis showed evidence of proportional bias (P < .05). There was good correlation between measured and actual volumes in both positions (r = .77 and r = .85, respectively). Univariate analyses showed breast enhancer volumes of 195 mL and 295 mL to incur bias. The coefficient of variation was 5.76% for single observer analysis. Conclusion. Positioning the subject at a 30° posterior incline provides more accurate results from better exposure of the inferior breast. The subtraction tool is a novel method of measuring differential volume. Future studies should explore methodology for application into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Aurora Almadori
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK
| | - Jajini Varghese
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Stephanie Bogan
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK
| | - Ibby Younis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ash Mosahebi
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Peter E Butler
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, 4919University College London, UK.,Department of Plastic Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
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Ma JX, Xia YC, Li B, Zhao HM, Lei YT. Unilateral Tissue Expander/Implant Two-Stage Breast Reconstruction with the Assistance of Three-Dimensional Surface Imaging. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2020; 44:60-69. [PMID: 31598769 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-019-01513-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, traditional preoperative planning of unilateral breast reconstruction mainly depends on anthropometric measurement and visual assessment. Thus, the lack of objective assessment of breast volume and shape would likely result in suboptimal reconstruction outcomes. Three-dimensional surface imaging (3D-SI), which could provide objective measurement data of the breast, may be a promising solution to this problem. METHODS A retrospective review of patients undergoing tissue expander (TE)/implant breast reconstruction without any mammoplasty surgery on the contralateral sides in our hospital from August 2013 to May 2018 was performed. All the patients underwent unilateral mastectomy with immediate or delayed insertion of TE, followed by an exchange of a silicone gel implant without contralateral procedures. 3D images were obtained at the time of preoperation, the routine expansion visit, and post-exchange of implant. The breast volume measured by 3D-SI served as a guide to conduct the surgery management, such as in deciding the total volume of expansion and guiding the final implant size selection. 3D-SI also provided objective data to evaluate the final outcomes of the reconstruction. RESULTS Fifty-one patients were included in this study, in which eighteen patients underwent immediate TE insertion and thirty-three patients underwent delayed TE insertion. The ptosis degree of contralateral breasts was assessed as follows: forty-four were normal, and seven showed mild ptosis. The average expansion degree was controlled at 161.6% ± 14.1% compared to the contralateral breasts. The volume of implants exchanged had a strong linear correlation with the 3D volume of the contralateral breasts at the end of expansion (P < 0.01). The mean time of follow-up was 9.1 ± 6.6 months. There was only one patient who experienced TE leakage with secondary infection and received TE exchange. For the immediate reconstruction group, the overall breast symmetry improved at the completion of implant exchange (P < 0.01), with an average asymmetry of 5.3% ± 4.0% compared with 10.6% ± 6.1% initially. For the delayed reconstruction group, the reconstructed side achieved good volume symmetry to the contralateral side (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in breast basal width between bilateral breasts post-reconstruction (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION 3D-SI serves as a valuable adjunct by providing accurate 3D volume of breasts within TE/implant breast reconstruction in Chinese patients without obvious breast ptosis, which could facilitate surgeons to achieve good reconstructive outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Stivala A, Bertrand B, Ouar N, Revol M, Atlan M, Cristofari S. Lower rates of lipofilling sessions in latissimus dorsi flap breast reconstruction with initial higher volume transfer by preservation of subfascial fat: A 3D camera-assisted volumetric case series. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2020; 73:681-689. [PMID: 31926894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast reconstruction with latissimus dorsi flap (LDF) is a well-known technique, but the crucial goal is to achieve a satisfying final volume restoration. Our hypothesis is that LDF reconstruction with the preservation of subfascial fat can achieve a higher volume in a one-time procedure than that achieved in a classic LDF harvest. The aim of the study was to quantify the volume resorption in LDF reconstructions with the preservation of subfascial fat. Fifteen breasts were reconstructed with a simple LDF and the remaining 15 with an LDF with the preservation of the subfascial fat between January 2016 and May 2017. Secondly, every patient underwent a lipofilling procedure. A supplemental lipofilling procedure was performed in unsatisfying cases. A Structure-Sensor camera manufactured by OccipitalⓇ was used. Each patient received a 3D measurement during immediate postoperative care and then after 3 and 6 months of follow-up. This study shows no difference in volume retention at follow-up between the 2 techniques. The gain of an immediate and stable fatty layer in LDF + subfascial fat technique leads to breast volume improvement in one surgical step. Breast reconstruction with LDF and subfascial fat can be defined as a reliable solution, which provides an optimal result with a reduced number of surgical interventions when compared with a simple LDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Stivala
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Tenon, Paris, France; Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 14 rue Gaffarel, 21000 Dijon, France.
| | - Baptiste Bertrand
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital la Conception, Marseille, France
| | - Neil Ouar
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Marc Revol
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Michael Atlan
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Sarra Cristofari
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery Hospital Tenon, Paris, France
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Wang CL, Luan SS, Panayi AC, Xin MQ, Luan J. Methods used for evaluation of volume retention rate in autologous fat grafting for breast augmentation: a systematic review. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:2223-2228. [PMID: 31490259 PMCID: PMC6797153 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autologous fat grafting has gained popularity in breast augmentation. Various methods can be used to estimate the volume retention rate. This systematic review aimed to establish whether the type of method used for measuring breast volume is a factor that influences the reported volume retention rate. METHODS Studies were identified using the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science from inception of the database up to February 2019. Articles describing autologous fat grafting for breast augmentation were selected based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of the included studies were summarized, and the reported volume retention rate from the studies was compared. A quality assessment of all included articles was performed using the methodological index for non-randomized studies criteria. RESULTS A total of 618 articles were identified, of which 12 studies, with a total of 1337 cases, were eligible. The retention rate of injected adipose tissue varied when the method of fat grafting and volume analysis used were both the same, as well as when the method of fat grafting was the same but the method of volumetric evaluation used was different. CONCLUSIONS Currently, the tools available for estimating the volume retention rate come with limitations. In order to objectively evaluate the percentage of graft retention, a standard protocol that applies to the different methods should be established in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Wang
- Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Si-Si Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Clinical Medical Center of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Adriana C. Panayi
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Min-Qiang Xin
- Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Jie Luan
- Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100144, China
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Lee TJ, Cho JM, Jo T, Han WY, Maldonado AA, Eom JS, Kim EK. Volumetric changes of the pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap and the contralateral native breast during long-term follow-up. ARCHIVES OF AESTHETIC PLASTIC SURGERY 2019. [DOI: 10.14730/aaps.2019.01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wang C, Luan J, Cheng H, Chen L, Li Z, Panayi AC, Liu C. Menstrual Cycle-Related Fluctuations in Breast Volume Measured Using Three-Dimensional Imaging: Implications for Volumetric Evaluation in Breast Augmentation. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:1-6. [PMID: 30276455 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast volume is a key parameter of breast measurement in breast augmentation. However, the correlation between menstrual cycle phases and variation in breast volume has not been well studied. METHODS Young female patients with regular menstrual cycles underwent eight three-dimensional imaging scans during a single menstrual cycle from November 2017 to January 2018. Breast volumetric difference at each timepoint and basic breast volume were measured for each subject. Preovulatory phase and postovulatory phase values were compared using an unpaired t test. A Pearson's linear correlated analysis was performed to identify the correlation between the basic breast volume and maximum range of breast volumetric difference during the menstrual cycle. RESULTS Thirteen patients (26 breasts) met the inclusion criteria. During the menstrual cycle, the breast volumetric difference showed first a rising trend followed by a fall. A significant difference in the breast volumetric difference between the preovulatory phase and postovulatory phase (- 19.6 ± 2.1 ml pre-ovulation vs. - 6.9 ± 3.3 ml post-ovulation, p = 0.002) was noted. There was a positive linear association between breast volume and maximum range of breast volumetric difference when a Pearson correlation was used (r = 0.45, p = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS The breast volume fluctuates during the menstrual cycle, and there is a significant difference between the preovulatory phase and postovulatory phase for breast volumetric change. The influence of the menstrual cycle on breast volume should be taken into consideration by plastic surgeons performing breast augmentation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Wang C, Liu C, Giatsidis G, Cheng H, Chen L, Kang D, Panayi AC, Luan J. The Effect of Respiration on Breast Measurement Using Three-dimensional Breast Imaging. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:53-58. [PMID: 30242460 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional (3D) imaging offers new opportunities to enable objective and quantitative analysis of the breast. Unlike scanning of rigid objects, respiration may be one of the factors that can influence the measurement of breast when using 3D imaging. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the different respiratory phases affect 3D morphologic and volumetric evaluations of the breast. METHODS We performed preoperative 3D breast imaging at the end of expiration (EE) and the end of inspiration (EI). We repeated scans on each respiratory phase, taking four scans in total (EE1, EE2 and EI1, EI2). Using Geomagic Studio 12 software, measurements from the different respiratory phases (EE1 and EI1) were compared for differences in the linear distances of breast. Breast volumetric change error (BVCE) was measured between EE1 and EE2 (R1) and between EI1 and EI2 (R2). A multilevel model was used to analyze the difference of linear-distances parameters between EE1 and EI1 and a paired sample t-test was used to analyze the difference between R1 and R2. RESULTS Our study included 13 Chinese women (26 breasts) with a mean age of 32.6 ± 6.3 years. Compared with EI, EE showed a longer sternal notch to the level of the inframammary fold and shorter nipple to midline (p < 0.05). During EI, breast projection increased by 0.23 cm (95% CI - 0.39, - 0.08) and breast base width increased by 0.27 cm (95% CI - 0.46, - 0.09). The position of the nipple moved by 0.18 cm (95% CI - 0.34, - 0.03) laterally, 0.41 cm (95% CI 0.18, 0.64) cranially, and 0.71 cm (95% CI - 0.92, - 0.51) anteriorly. Although there was no significant difference in BVCE between EE and EI, the result seen with EE appeared to be more consistent. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that there was no difference in breast volume results when patients are in the expiratory or inspiratory state during 3D breast imaging. This study, however, holds potential benefits to both surgical practice as well as the 3D imaging industry. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Li CC, Liu CJ, Ouyang YY. Several Opinions on Quantifying Dynamic Deformity After Dual Plane Breast Augmentation. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2018; 42:1711-1712. [PMID: 29882165 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1159-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Li
- Plastic Surgery Hospital (Institute), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Chun-Jun Liu
- Plastic Surgery Hospital (Institute), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China.
| | - Yi-Ye Ouyang
- Plastic Surgery Hospital (Institute), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus 3-Dimensional Laser Scanning for Breast Volume Assessment After Breast Reconstruction. Ann Plast Surg 2018; 80:592. [DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000001281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu X, Niu J, Ran L, Liu T. Estimation of Human Body Volume (BV) from Anthropometric Measurements Based on Three-Dimensional (3D) Scan Technique. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2017; 41:971-978. [PMID: 28389725 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-017-0872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop estimation formulae for the total human body volume (BV) of adult males using anthropometric measurements based on a three-dimensional (3D) scanning technique. Noninvasive and reliable methods to predict the total BV from anthropometric measurements based on a 3D scan technique were addressed in detail. METHODS A regression analysis of BV based on four key measurements was conducted for approximately 160 adult male subjects. Eight total models of human BV show that the predicted results fitted by the regression models were highly correlated with the actual BV (p < 0.001). RESULTS Two metrics, the mean value of the absolute difference between the actual and predicted BV (V error) and the mean value of the ratio between V error and actual BV (RV error), were calculated. The linear model based on human weight was recommended as the most optimal due to its simplicity and high efficiency. CONCLUSIONS The proposed estimation formulae are valuable for estimating total body volume in circumstances in which traditional underwater weighing or air displacement plethysmography is not applicable or accessible. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jianwei Niu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Linghua Ran
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Taijie Liu
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, 100191, China
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Chae MP, Rozen WM, Spychal RT, Hunter-Smith DJ. Breast volumetric analysis for aesthetic planning in breast reconstruction: a literature review of techniques. Gland Surg 2016; 5:212-26. [PMID: 27047788 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2227-684x.2015.10.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate volumetric analysis is an essential component of preoperative planning in both reconstructive and aesthetic breast procedures towards achieving symmetrization and patient-satisfactory outcome. Numerous comparative studies and reviews of individual techniques have been reported. However, a unifying review of all techniques comparing their accuracy, reliability, and practicality has been lacking. METHODS A review of the published English literature dating from 1950 to 2015 using databases, such as PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE, was undertaken. RESULTS Since Bouman's first description of water displacement method, a range of volumetric assessment techniques have been described: thermoplastic casting, direct anthropomorphic measurement, two-dimensional (2D) imaging, and computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. However, most have been unreliable, difficult to execute and demonstrate limited practicability. Introduction of 3D surface imaging has revolutionized the field due to its ease of use, fast speed, accuracy, and reliability. However, its widespread use has been limited by its high cost and lack of high level of evidence. Recent developments have unveiled the first web-based 3D surface imaging program, 4D imaging, and 3D printing. CONCLUSIONS Despite its importance, an accurate, reliable, and simple breast volumetric analysis tool has been elusive until the introduction of 3D surface imaging technology. However, its high cost has limited its wide usage. Novel adjunct technologies, such as web-based 3D surface imaging program, 4D imaging, and 3D printing, appear promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Chae
- 1 Monash University Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Group (Peninsula Clinical School), Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia ; 2 Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
| | - Warren Matthew Rozen
- 1 Monash University Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Group (Peninsula Clinical School), Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia ; 2 Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
| | - Robert T Spychal
- 1 Monash University Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Group (Peninsula Clinical School), Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia ; 2 Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
| | - David J Hunter-Smith
- 1 Monash University Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Group (Peninsula Clinical School), Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia ; 2 Department of Surgery, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Frankston, Victoria 3199, Australia
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Roxo ACW, Nahas FX, Bazi F, de Castro CC, Aboudib JH, Marques RG. Evaluation of the effects of silicone implants on the breast parenchyma. Aesthet Surg J 2015; 35:929-35. [PMID: 26508645 DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjv120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being the cosmetic procedure most performed worldwide, there are still few objective measurements of postoperative volumetric analysis of breast augmentation available in the literature. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate volumetric changes in the breast parenchyma after the placement of silicone implants in the subglandular plane. METHODS Thirty-four women were randomly allocated to the intervention group (n = 24), who underwent breast augmentation in the subglandular plane, or to the control group (n = 10), who received no intervention. Volumetric magnetic resonance imaging was performed at inclusion, and after 6 and 12 months in all participants. The non-parametric Friedman's test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in glandular volume (mean, 22%) at 12 months postoperatively in patients who underwent breast augmentation. CONCLUSIONS Breast augmentation caused reduction in the volume of the breast parenchyma. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 Therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Claudia Weck Roxo
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fabio Xerfan Nahas
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Bazi
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio Cardoso de Castro
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jose Horacio Aboudib
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ruy Garcia Marques
- Dr Roxo is a PhD Student, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, and Drs Nahas, de Castro, and Aboudib are Associate Professors, Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, "Pedro Ernesto" University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Bazi is a Radiologist, Breast Division, Rio Imagem Center for Diagnostic Imaging of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Dr Marques is an Assistant Professor, Graduate Program in Physiopathology and Surgical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Review of three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging for oncoplastic, reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery. Breast 2015; 24:331-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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