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Ntampakis G, Pramateftakis MG, Anestiadou E, Bitsianis S, Ioannidis O, Bekiari C, Koliakos G, Karakota M, Tsakona A, Cheva A, Angelopoulos S. Experimental models of high-risk bowel anastomosis in rats: A systematic review. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:94135. [PMID: 38948424 PMCID: PMC11212746 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i2.94135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anastomotic leaks remain one of the most dreaded complications in gastrointestinal surgery causing significant morbidity, that negatively affect the patients' quality of life. Experimental studies play an important role in understanding the pathophysiological background of anastomotic healing and there are still many fields that require further investigation. Knowledge drawn from these studies can lead to interventions or techniques that can reduce the risk of anastomotic leak in patients with high-risk features. Despite the advances in experimental protocols and techniques, designing a high-quality study is still challenging for the investigators as there is a plethora of different models used. AIM To review current state of the art for experimental protocols in high-risk anastomosis in rats. METHODS This systematic review was performed according to The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. To identify eligible studies, a comprehensive literature search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed (MEDLINE) and Scopus, covering the period from conception until 18 October 2023. RESULTS From our search strategy 102 studies were included and were categorized based on the mechanism used to create a high-risk anastomosis. Methods of assessing anastomotic healing were extracted and were individually appraised. CONCLUSION Anastomotic healing studies have evolved over the last decades, but the findings are yet to be translated into human studies. There is a need for high-quality, well-designed studies that will help to the better understanding of the pathophysiology of anastomotic healing and the effects of various interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Ntampakis
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | | | - Elissavet Anestiadou
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | - Stefanos Bitsianis
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | - Orestis Ioannidis
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
| | - Chryssa Bekiari
- Laboratory of Anatomy and Histology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
- Experimental and Research Center, Papageorgiou General Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 56403, Greece
| | - George Koliakos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Maria Karakota
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Anastasia Tsakona
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Stamatios Angelopoulos
- Fourth Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 57010, Greece
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Sheweita SA, Meftah AA, Sheweita MS, Balbaa ME. Erectile dysfunction drugs altered the activities of antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress and the protein expressions of some cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in the steroidogenesis of steroid hormones. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241509. [PMID: 33166302 PMCID: PMC7652355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Infertility is a global health problem with about 15 percent of couples involved. About half of the cases of infertility are related to male-related factors. A major cause of infertility in men is oxidative stress, which refers to an imbalance between levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants. Erectile dysfunction drugs (EDD), known as phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), have been used for the treatment of ED. It has been shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of erectile dysfunction. Oxidative stress can be alleviated or decreased by non-antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes. The present study was undertaken to determine if these compounds could have a role in the incidence of infertility, especially after long-term use. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effect of EDD on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, free radical levels as well as the protein expression of different cytochrome P450 isozymes involved in the steroidogenesis of different hormones. In addition, the activity of both 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17-ketosteroid reductase were assayed. The architectures of both livers and testes cells were investigated under the influence of EDD. METHODS A daily dose of Sildenafil (1.48 mg/kg), Tadalafil (0.285 mg/kg) and Vardenafil (0.285 mg/kg) were administered orally to male rabbits for 12 week. Western immunoblotting, ELISA, spectrophotometric and histopathological techniques were used in this study. RESULTS The present study showed that Sildenafil, Vardenafil, and Tadalafil treatments significantly decreased the levels of glutathione and free radicals in both livers and testes of rabbits. Also, Vardenafil and Sildenafil induced the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase whereas, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase activities inhibited in livers of rabbits. The protein expression of cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYP 11A1, 21A2, and 19C) which are involved in the steroidogenesis was markedly changed in both livers and testes of rabbits after their treatments for 12 weeks. After the treatment of rabbits with these medication, the protein expression of CYP11A1 was slightly down-regulated in both livers and testes except Sildenafil up-regulated such protein expression. In addition, the protein expressions of CYP11A1 and CYP 19C in both livers and testes were down-regulated after treatment of rabbits with Sildenafil, Vardenafil, and Tadalafil for 12 weeks. Also, these drugs inhibited the activity of both 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17-ketosteroid reductase in testes of rabbits. Moreover, Sildenafil, Vardenafil, and Tadalafil-treated rabbits showed a decrease in spermatocytes and the number of sperms in the testes. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that ED drugs induced the activities of both SOD and catalase which consequently decreased MDA level. Decrement in MDA levels and oxidative stress could therefore sustain the erection for a long period of time. On the other hand, it is not advised to use these drugs for a long-term since the protein expressions of CYP isozymes involved in steroidogenesis as well as the numbers of spermatocytes in testes were decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah A. Sheweita
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- * E-mail:
| | - Amal A. Meftah
- Department of Biotechnology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Sheweita
- Department of Urology, Alexandria Main Hospital, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud E. Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Kulshrestha S, Chawla R, Alam MT, Adhikari J, Basu M. Efficacy and dermal toxicity analysis of Sildenafil citrate based topical hydrogel formulation against traumatic wounds. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Moschetti L, Ghezzi TL, Müller BG, Dias AB, Corleta OC. Fluorescent test accurately predicts leak of ischemic colon anastomosis in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2017; 32:440-448. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020170060000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Inhibitory effect of sildenafil on pyloric sphincter from streptozotocin-diabetic rats: role of no-cGMP transduction pathway. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-015-0294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Tuglu D, Yuvanc E, Ozan T, Bal F, Yilmaz E, Atasoy P, Kisa U, Batislam E. Protective effects of udenafil citrate, piracetam and dexmedetomidine treatment on testicular torsion/detorsion-induced ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Andrologia 2015; 48:676-82. [PMID: 26589469 DOI: 10.1111/and.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of udenafil citrate (1.4 mg kg(-1) -2.8 mg kg(-1) ), dexmedetomidine 25 μg kg(-1) and piracetam 200 mg kg(-1) administered on ipsilateral/contralateral testes after ischaemia in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) and define its protective effect histologically. Fifty-six Wistar albino rats were included and randomly assigned into 6 groups. No intervention was performed in control group (Group 1, n = 8) and in torsion/detorsion group, (Group 2, n = 8). Udenafil 1.4 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 3, n = 10), udenafil 2.8 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 4, n = 10), piracetam 200 mg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 5, n = 10) and dexmedetomidine 25 μg kg(-1) was given to torsion/detorsion group (Group 6, n = 10) intraperitoneally after 60 mins of testicular torsion. Biochemical and histopathological testicular injury were evaluated. When the tissue was examined by TOS values, Group 3, Group 4 and Group 5 were significantly lower than Group 2. In contrary Group 6 values were significantly higher than Group 2. The increasing doses of udenafil demonstrated antioxidant properties on the testis tissue and histopathological that protects the testicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tuglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - E Yuvanc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - T Ozan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Firat, Elazıg, Turkey
| | - F Bal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - E Yilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - P Atasoy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - U Kisa
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - E Batislam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Urology, University of Kirikkale, Kirikkale, Turkey
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Incebiyik A, Seker A, Camuzcuoglu H, Kocaslan S, Camuzcuoglu A, Hilali NG, Vural M, Taskin A, Aksoy N. Does sildenafil have protective effects against ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 291:1283-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-014-3554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gokakin AK, Deveci K, Kurt A, Karakus BC, Duger C, Tuzcu M, Topcu O. The protective effects of sildenafil in acute lung injury in a rat model of severe scald burn: A biochemical and histopathological study. Burns 2013; 39:1193-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2012.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yildiz H, Durmuş AS, Şimşek H, Yaman İ. Effects of sildenafil citrate on torsion/detorsion-induced changes in red blood cell and plasma lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, and blood hematology of male rats. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 159:359-63. [PMID: 21831505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to determine effects of intrapertoneally-administered sildenafil citrate (SC) for prevention testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in rats on red blood cell (RBC) and plasma lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and blood hematology. STUDY DESIGN Thirty seven adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (group 1), T/D+saline (group 2), T/D+0.7mg SC (group 3) and T/D+1.4mg SC (group 4). Testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720° in a clockwise direction for 2h in all the groups, except for group 1. RESULTS Our results showed that that testicular injury significantly induced erythrocyte reduced glutathion (GSH) (p<0.05), malondialdehyde (MDA) in RBC (p<0.01) and plasma (p<0.05) and blood lymphocyte (p<0.01) counts. Administration of low dose SC led to significantly increase in the levels of RBC GSH (p<0.05), plasma paraoxonase (PON1) (p<0.01), nitric oxide (NO) (p<0.01) and blood lymphocyte counts (p<0.01), but to decreases in the levels of MDA in plasma and RBC, blood mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p<0.05) and eosinophil counts (p<0.05). Treatment with high dose SC caused a significantly increase in PON1, vitamin E and β-carotene in plasma, levels of GSH in RBC and blood lymphocyte counts. On the other hand, results showed that high dose sildenafil significantly decreased plasma and RBC MDA levels. Total tissue damage scores of the group 2 were significantly higher than group 1 and 3. CONCLUSION Low dose SC appears to be beneficial in reducing the effects of injury to the testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yildiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fırat, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
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Yıldız H, Durmus AS, Şimşek H, Yaman M. Dose-dependent protective effect of sildenafil citrate on testicular injury after torsion/detorsion in rats. Andrologia 2011; 44 Suppl 1:300-6. [PMID: 21749432 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2011.01181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of sildenafil citrate on testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Thirty-seven adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham operated group (group 1), T/D+ saline (group 2), T/D+ 0.7 mg sildenafil citrate (group 3) and T/D+ 1.4 mg sildenafil citrate (group 4). Testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720° in a clockwise direction for 2 h in other groups, except for group 1, which was served as sham group. The level of GSH (P < 0.05) in the testis in the group 2 were significantly lower (P < 0.05) and the levels of MDA and NO (P < 0.01 for both) in the testis were significantly higher when compared with those of the group 1. Administration of low dose sildenafil citrate prevented the increases in MDA and NO levels and decreases in GSH values induced by testicular torsion. However, administration of high dose sildenafil citrate did not have any effect on these testicular tissue parameters (P > 0.05). Also, mean values of seminiferous tubules diameters, germinal cell layer thicknesses and mean testicular biopsy score were significantly better in group 3 than groups 2 and 4. These results suggest that T/D injury occurred in testis after unilateral testicular T/D and that administration of low dose sildenafil citrate before detorsion prevents ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage in testicular torsion. Sildenafil citrate probably acts through reduction of reactive oxygen species and support antioxidant enzyme systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yıldız
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazig, Turkey.
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Yíldíz H, Durmus AS, Simşek H, Yaman M. Protective effect of sildenafil citrate on contralateral testis injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2011; 66:137-42. [PMID: 21437450 PMCID: PMC3044577 DOI: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate prevention of contralateral testicular injury with sildenafil citrate after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion. METHODS Thirty-seven adult male rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (group 1, n = 7), torsion/detorsion + saline (group 2, n = 10), torsion/detorsion + 0.7 mg of sildenafil citrate (group 3, n = 10) and torsion/detorsion + 1.4 mg of sildenafil citrate (group 4, n = 10). Unilateral testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720º in a clockwise direction for 2 h in other groups, except for group 1, which was served as sham group. After torsion (2 h) and detorsion (2 h) periods, rats were killed. RESULTS The level of reduced glutathion (GSH) (p < 0.05) and the activities of catalase (p < 0.01) and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) in the contralateral testis from group 2 were significantly lower and nitric oxide (NO) (p < 0.05) level in the contralateral testis were significantly higher than those of group 1. Administration of low-dose sildenafil citrate (group 3) prevented the increases in malondialdehyde and NO levels and decreases in glutathione peroxidase activities and GSH values induced by testicular torsion. However, administration of high-dose sildenafil citrate (group 4) had no effect on these testicular parameters (p > 0.05). Histopathological changes were detected in groups 2, 3 and 4. CONCLUSION These results suggest that biochemically and histologically torsion/detorsion injury occurs in the contralateral testis following 2-h torsion and 2-h detorsion and that administration of low-dose sildenafil citrate before detorsion prevents ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage in testicular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yíldíz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fírat University, Elazíğ, Turkey.
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The effect of tadalafil on anastomotic healing in ischemic small intestine in rats. Surg Today 2010; 40:555-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-010-4229-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Effects of sildenafil citrate on ischemic colonic anastomotic healing in rats: its relationship between nitric oxide and oxidative stress. World J Surg 2009; 33:160. [PMID: 18843440 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-008-9767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Erol B, Tokgoz H, Hanci V, Bektas S, Akduman B, Yencilek F, Mungan G, Mungan A. Vardenafil Reduces Testicular Damage Following Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2009; 25:374-80. [DOI: 10.1016/s1607-551x(09)70530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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