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Tivadar BM, Dumitrascu T, Vasilescu C. A Glimpse into the Role and Effectiveness of Splenectomy for Isolated Metachronous Spleen Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Origin: Long-Term Survivals Can Be Achieved. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2362. [PMID: 38673636 PMCID: PMC11050850 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Many papers exploring the role of resectioning metastases in colorectal cancer (CRC) have focused mainly on liver and lung sites, showing improved survival compared with non-resectional therapies. However, data about exceptional metastatic sites such as splenic metastases (SMs) are scarce. This paper aims to assess the role and effectiveness of splenectomy in the case of isolated metachronous SM of CRC origin. Methods: The patients' data were extracted after a comprehensive literature search through public databases for articles reporting patients with splenectomies for isolated metachronous SM of CRC origin. Potential predictors of survival were explored, along with demographic, diagnostic, pathology, and treatment data for each patient. Results: A total of 83 patients with splenectomies for isolated metachronous SM of CRC origin were identified. The primary CRC was at an advanced stage (Duke's C-70.3%) and on the left colon (45.5%) for most patients, while the median interval between CRC resection and SM was 24 months. The median overall survival after splenectomy was 84 months, and patients younger than 62 years presented statistically significantly worse overall survival rates than those ≥62 years old (p = 0.011). There was no significant impact on the long-term outcomes for factors including primary tumor location or adjuvant chemotherapy (p values ≥ 0.070, ns). Laparoscopic splenectomy was increasingly used in the last 20 years from 2002 (33.3% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Splenectomy is the optimal treatment for patients with isolated metachronous SM of CRC, with the laparoscopic approach being increasingly used and having the potential to become a standard of care. Encouraging long-term survival rates were reported in the context of a multidisciplinary approach. Younger ages are associated with worse survival. Perioperative chemotherapy in the context of a patient diagnosed with SM of CRC origin appears to be a reasonable option, although the present study failed to show any significant impact on long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Traian Dumitrascu
- Department of General Surgery, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Fundeni Street No. 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (B.M.T.); (C.V.)
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2
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Namikawa T, Araki K, Utsunomiya M, Yokota K, Munekage M, Maeda H, Kitagawa H, Kobayashi M, Hanazaki K, Seo S. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy in a patient with splenic hemangioma after distal gastrectomy for a neuroendocrine tumor. Clin J Gastroenterol 2024; 17:29-33. [PMID: 37805948 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-023-01868-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the case of a patient with splenic hemangioma after distal gastrectomy who was treated with laparoscopic partial splenectomy. A 64-year-old woman previously underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with regional lymph-node dissection for a gastric neuroendocrine tumor (G3) with venous infiltration and no lymph-node metastases. Periodic follow-up abdominal computed tomography revealed a well-defined, heterogeneous mass in the lower pole of the spleen 5 years after the operation, which grew from 12 to 19 mm 1 year later. A laparoscopic partial splenectomy was planned. During surgery, a smooth-surfaced mass with a lighter color than that of the surrounding area was observed at the lower pole of the spleen. The inferior polar branch of the splenic artery was transected, and the ischemic area of the lower pole of the spleen, where the tumor was present, was confirmed. First, the line used to perform splenic transection was determined using soft coagulation. The splenic parenchyma was then gradually transected using a vessel-sealing device system, and partial splenectomy was possible with almost no bleeding. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 8 without any complications. Pathological examination revealed a hemangioma without any malignant findings. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy is a safe and useful procedure that can be performed, considering the tumor size and location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Namikawa
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan.
| | - Kohei Araki
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masato Utsunomiya
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Yokota
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Masaya Munekage
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kitagawa
- Department of Operating Room Management, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Michiya Kobayashi
- Department of Human Health and Medical Sciences, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Hanazaki
- Integrated Center for Advanced Medical Technologies, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Satoru Seo
- Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, Oko-Cho, 783-8505, Japan
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Tiutiuca RC, Nastase Puscasu AI, Stoenescu N, Moscalu M, Bradea C, Eva I, Lupascu CD, Ivan L, Palaghia MM, Prisecariu DI, Târcoveanu E, Vâță A, Bejan V, Vasilescu AM. Laparoscopic Approach to Primary Splenic Cyst: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:120. [PMID: 38255735 PMCID: PMC10817520 DOI: 10.3390/life14010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Splenic cysts are rare benign lesions of the spleen, often asymptomatic and incidentally discovered during imaging studies. While many splenic cysts remain asymptomatic and do not require intervention, surgical management becomes essential in cases of symptomatic cysts, large cysts, or when malignancy cannot be ruled out. Laparoscopic surgery has emerged as a minimally invasive and effective approach for treating splenic cysts, offering advantages such as shorter hospital stays, reduced postoperative pain, and faster recovery. In this case report, we describe our experience with laparoscopic surgery for a symptomatic splenic cyst in a young patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razvan Calin Tiutiuca
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | | | - Nicoleta Stoenescu
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihaela Moscalu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Costel Bradea
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Iuliana Eva
- Radiology Department, “Dr Iacob Czihac” Military Emergency Hospital of Iași, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristian Dumitru Lupascu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Luminita Ivan
- Pathology Department, “Dr Iacob Czihac” Military Emergency Hospital of Iași, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Madalina Maria Palaghia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Denisa Ioana Prisecariu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Eugen Târcoveanu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Andrei Vâță
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Valentin Bejan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
| | - Alin Mihai Vasilescu
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Farmacy “Gr. T. Popa” Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania (A.V.); (A.M.V.)
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Reid B, Panesar D, Coutts R. Splenic hamartoma: laparoscopic assisted extracorporeal splenorrhaphy. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2770-2771. [PMID: 37553854 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Reid
- Department of Surgery, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Divyansh Panesar
- Department of Surgery, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Richard Coutts
- Department of Surgery, Palmerston North Hospital, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Lete C, Brichard M, Rosa ML, Salavracos M, Hubert C, Navez B, Closset J, Pezzullo M, Navez J. Spleen-preserving pancreatectomy with removal of splenic vessels: impact on splenic parenchyma ? BMC Surg 2023; 23:245. [PMID: 37605170 PMCID: PMC10441733 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-023-02133-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While outcomes after spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy (SP-DP) have been widely reported, impacts on splenic parenchyma have not been well studied. This study aimed to compare postoperative outcomes, particularly spleen-related outcomes, by assessing splenic imaging after SP-DP with or without splenic vessels removal. METHODS Data for all patients who underwent SP-DP with splenic vessels removal (Warshaw technique, WDP) or preservation (Kimura technique, KDP) between 2010 and 2022 in two tertiary centres were retrospectively analysed. Splenic ischemia and volume at early/late imaging and postoperative outcomes were reviewed. RESULTS Eighty-seven patients were included, 51 in the WDP and 36 in the KDP groups. Median Charlson's Comorbidity Index was significantly higher in the WDP group compared with the KDP group. Postoperative morbidity was similar between groups. There was more splenic ischemia at early imaging in the WDP group compared to the KDP group (55% vs. 14%, p = 0.018), especially severe ischemia (23% vs. 0%). Partial splenic atrophy was observed in 29% and 0% in the WDP and KDP groups, respectively (p = 0.002); no complete splenic atrophy was observed. Platelet levels at POD 1, 2 and 6 were significantly higher in the WDP group compared to KDP group. At univariate analysis, age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, platelet levels at POD 6, and early splenic infarction were prognostic factors for development of splenic atrophy. No episodes of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection or secondary splenectomy were recorded after a median follow-up of 9 and 11 months in the WDP and KDP groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Splenic ischemia appeared in one-half of patients undergoing SP-DP with splenic vessels removal at early imaging, and partial splenic atrophy in almost 30% at late imaging, without clinical impact or complete splenic atrophy. Age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, platelet levels at POD 6, and early splenic infarction could help to predict the occurrence of splenic atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Lete
- Medico-Surgical Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Martin Brichard
- Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Maria Luisa Rosa
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Mike Salavracos
- Department of Radiology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
- Surgiprint 3D Intelligence, Louvain-La-Neuve, 1348, Belgium
| | - Catherine Hubert
- Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Benoit Navez
- Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery Unit, Department of Abdominal Surgery and Transplantation, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Avenue Hippocrate 10, Brussels, 1200, Belgium
| | - Jean Closset
- Medico-Surgical Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Martina Pezzullo
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium
| | - Julie Navez
- Medico-Surgical Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology Hôpital Erasme, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Route de Lennik 808, Brussels, 1070, Belgium.
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Martins AL, Parreira ABS, Grossi MLFJ, Benevides RDA, da Motta LL, Pimassoni LHS, Borjaili ASD, Paulo MSL, Paulo DNS. Study of the upper pole after subtotal splenectomy in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 37:e371103. [PMID: 36629530 PMCID: PMC9829190 DOI: 10.1590/acb371103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate macro/microscopic viability of the upper pole (UP) in rats after 80 days of subtotal splenectomy preserving the upper pole (SSPUP). METHODS Twenty-five male Wistar rats were submitted to SSPUP. After 80 days, the rats were euthanized, and the remaining UP was evaluated macroscopically regarding appearance, color, consistency, length, width, thickness, and presence of fibrosis/necrosis; and microscopically regarding presence of red and white pulp, fibrosis/necrosis. RESULTS Two rats died during surgery and were removed from the statistical analysis. There was statistically significant increase in length and width between the pre and postoperative in the experimental group, with no significant difference in thickness. In the manipulation group, the macroscopic appearance of the spleen was normal in pre and postoperative, with viability preserved. In the experimental group, two UP of the spleen were not found during the second surgery. Macroscopically, it was observed absence of fibrosis and necrosis in all cases. Microscopically, the white and red pulp were intact in both groups. Two spleens of rats in the manipulation group presented areas with fibrosis and necrosis focus, which were not enough to be considered inviable. CONCLUSIONS The UP of the spleen remained viable in 91.3% of the cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Lessa Martins
- Graduate student. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
| | - Anna Bárbara Scárdua Parreira
- Graduate student. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Font Juliá Grossi
- Graduate student. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
| | | | - Luciene Lage da Motta
- PhD, full professor. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – Department of Pathology – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
| | - Lucia Helena Sagrillo Pimassoni
- PhD, Full Professor. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – Department of Statistics – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
| | | | - Marcela Souza Lima Paulo
- PhD, associate professor. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil.,Corresponding author:
- (55 27) 981499283
| | - Danilo Nagib Salomão Paulo
- PhD, full professor. Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória – Department of Surgery – School of Medicine – Vitória (ES), Brazil
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Ghidini F, Bisoffi S, Gamba P, Fascetti Leon F. Robot-Assisted Versus Laparoscopic Approach for Splenectomy in Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2022; 32:1203-1210. [PMID: 36126312 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the outcomes of pediatric splenectomies for hematologic diseases performed by robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) and laparoscopic approach. Materials and Methods: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases were systematically searched for publications in English language from January 2000 to March 2020. All the studies dealing with pediatric elective splenectomies performed by RALS were included. The primary outcomes were the rate of postoperative complications and conversion. The secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and the operative time. Results: The search yielded 969 articles. Ten articles were included in the systematic review. Eighty patients underwent RALS splenectomy. Thirteen postoperative complications (16%) were reported and RALS was converted to open surgery in five cases (6.3%). Five of the included articles, three retrospective studies and two case series, were considered relevant for the meta-analysis and dealt with 130 patients. Of them, 71 children (55%) underwent RALS. No difference in the rate of complications was found between the two approaches (P = .235). RALS presented a similar rate of conversion to open surgery (P = .301). The mean operative times and length of hospital stays for RALS, reported in three different studies, were 107.5, 159.6, 140.5 minutes and 4.2, 3.93, 2.1 days, respectively. Conclusion: Even if few studies were included in the review, this meta-analysis reported similar rates of complication and conversion for RALS when compared with laparoscopy. Further studies are required to prove that this innovative technique was as safe and feasible as the current gold standard technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Ghidini
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Pediatric Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Bisoffi
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Piergiorgio Gamba
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Fascetti Leon
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Qingjiang C, Wang L, Chen X, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Zhu K, Xiong Q, Gao Z. Laparoscopic management of benign splenic tumors in children. WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2022; 5:e000419. [DOI: 10.1136/wjps-2022-000419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe splenic tumor is relatively rare in children. However, diagnosing and managing this disease remain controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and pathological features of benign splenic tumors and to explore the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic splenectomy in children.MethodsThe clinical data of all patients who were diagnosed with benign splenic tumors and admitted to our center between January 2014 and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Factors that were documented included demographic criteria, clinical manifestations, preoperative examinations, surgical methods, histopathological characteristics, postoperative complications and outcomes.ResultsTotally, 24 consecutive patients with a mean age of 10.21±2.59 years were operated laparoscopically. Nine patients presented with recurrent abdominal pain, vomiting or backache. The remaining 15 cases were asymptomatic and were identified incidentally. Laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS) was performed in 12 cases, laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) in 9 cases and deroofing of splenic cyst in 3 cases. No significant differences were observed in operation time, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative abdominal drainage between the LTS and LPS groups. Histopathology examination reported 12 cases of splenic epithelial cyst, 5 cases of splenic lymphangioma or lymphatic malformation, 3 cases of splenic hamartoma, 3 cases of splenic littoral cell angioma and 1 case of splenic hemangioma. No postoperative complications and tumor recurrence were observed.ConclusionsIt is still difficult to precisely diagnose the splenic tumor preoperatively. Laparoscopic splenectomy is safe and feasible in treating the benign splenic tumors, and partial splenectomy is of great significance in preserving the immune function in children.
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Fedele S, Bizzoca C, Aquilino F, Vincenti L. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy for symptomatic benign cystic lesions: technical notes. Updates Surg 2022; 74:1153-1156. [PMID: 35149968 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-021-01210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of laparoscopic partial splenectomy in patients with symptomatic benign lesions. During the period from April 2017 to February 2020, a single surgeon performed 7 LPS for benign lesions. As primary endpoint, we retrospectively analyzed the patient's short-term outcome and the operative results. As secondary endpoints, we considered 6-month follow-up. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy was performed successfully in all cases, with no major complications. Thirty-day mortality was nil. No post-operative transfusions were required and the median hospital stay was 4 (range 3-5) days. The median operative time was 110 (range 75-140) min and there was neither conversion to open surgery nor need for total splenectomy. Mean blood loss was 135.7 ± 103.6 ml and no intraoperative blood transfusions were necessary. All patients recovered successfully, with significant decrease of Ca 19.9 (98.22 ± 118.10 U/mL vs. 4.78 ± 3.35 U/mL, P = 0.015) and normal platelet count (215.7 × 103 ± 42.2 × 103 per µL vs. 236.0 × 103 ± 58.3 × 103 per µL, P = 0.285) at 1-month follow-up. No cases of recurrence were detected during the 6-month follow-up. Laparoscopic splenic resection for benign lesions is a challenging but feasible procedure. This technique combines the advantages of both mini-invasive surgery and spleen preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Fedele
- General Surgery Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS Saverio de Bellis, Research Hospital, via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte, 70013, Bari, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Bizzoca
- Department of General Surgery "Ospedaliera", Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Aquilino
- General Surgery Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS Saverio de Bellis, Research Hospital, via Turi 27, Castellana Grotte, 70013, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Vincenti
- Department of General Surgery "Ospedaliera", Polyclinic Hospital of Bari, Piazza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy
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Lu Y, Li Y, Yang Y, Shi L, Ding W, Cai H, Duan Y, Chen X, Zhang Y, Nong K. Clinical effect of laparoscopic partial splenectomy for both benign tumours and trauma-10 years of experience at a single institution. ANZ J Surg 2022; 92:471-476. [PMID: 35146892 DOI: 10.1111/ans.17518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This retrospective study aimed to present our surgical experience in patients with benign tumour or trauma in spleen who underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) and to compare the results with those of patients who underwent an open partial splenectomy (OPS). METHODS We analysed the medical data of patients who underwent LPS or OPS between January 2010 and January 2020. RESULTS In total, 41 patients were enrolled. Nine patients underwent open surgery, 32 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. The proportion of patients with tumours in the upper pole in LPS group was more than patients in OPS group. No difference was observed in estimated blood loss, allogeneic transfusion, postoperative stay, pathology and complications between LPS and OPS groups. The operation time in the LPS group (137.5 ± 30.8 min) was longer than that in the OPS group (88.3 ± 30.1 min) for patients with splenic traumatic rupture (P = 0.019). CONCLUSIONS LPS is an effective and safe spleen-preserving surgery as OPS. The advantages are small trauma, light pain and quick recovery. It is suitable for patients with benign tumours or trauma confined to one side of the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjie Lu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Longqing Shi
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Wujin Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
| | - Huihua Cai
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Duan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
| | - Kate Nong
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Third Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Changzhou, China
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11
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Babala J, Pini Prato A, Zahradnikova P, Beder I. Minimally Invasive Partial Spleen Resection Preserving the Lower Pole in Children: A Technical Report on Feasibility and Safety. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021. [PMID: 34748423 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2021.0232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic partial splenectomy is a surgical option for removing part of the spleen with a pathological mass in a way that ensures preservation of the spleen's physiological functions. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of this procedure, performed while preserving the blood supply from the left gastroepiploic artery, in children. Materials and Methods: Following institutional review board approval, this retrospective study was conducted on patients who, between January 2015 and December 2019, underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy with preservation of blood supply from the left gastroepiploic vessels. In the article, we described patient indications for surgery, surgical technique, surgery time, complications, and follow-up outcomes. Results: Eleven patients (mean age: 12.3 ± 3.4 years) underwent laparoscopic partial splenectomy. Indications for surgery included nonparasitic cysts (n = 8), pseudocysts (n = 2), and hamartomas (n = 1). The mean benign mass diameter was 60 ± 22 mm. The mean operative time was 193.2 ± 55.1 minutes. The mean size of the retained lower pole was 31.1% ± 3.8%. There was no conversion to open splenectomy or any significant complication. The mean postoperative stay was 9 ± 0.7 days. No thrombosis of the splenic and portal veins was noted in the follow-up period, and no splenic remnant infarction occurred. Conclusions: Laparoscopic partial splenectomy with preservation of blood supply arising from the left gastroepiploic vessels seems to be safe in children. However, a larger study is needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Babala
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alessio Pini Prato
- Umberto Bosio Center for Digestive Diseases, The Children Hospital, AO SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Petra Zahradnikova
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Igor Beder
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Institute of Children's Diseases, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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12
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Attina’ G, Triarico S, Romano A, Maurizi P, Mastrangelo S, Ruggiero A. Role of Partial Splenectomy in Hematologic Childhood Disorders. Pathogens 2021; 10:1436. [PMID: 34832592 PMCID: PMC8620563 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ that belongs to the reticular-endothelial system, directly connected to blood circulation. The spleen is greatly involved in the immune response, especially against capsulated bacteria. Splenectomy plays a fundamental role in the treatment of numerous pediatric hematologic disorders. Taking into account all the possible complications (especially infections) linked to this procedure, alternatives to total splenectomy have been sought. Partial splenectomy has been proposed as a treatment that allows the reduction of infectious risk. This approach has proven safe and feasible in most patients, but multicentric and prospective studies are necessary to more accurately define the indications for performing partial splenectomy. However, vaccinations and antibiotic prophylaxis remain fundamental for preventing serious infections, even in the case of partial splenectomy. We review anatomical and functional properties of the spleen, with a focus on medical or surgical indications to splenectomy, aiming to give practical educational information to patients and their families after splenectomy. Furthermore, we discuss the feasibility of partial splenectomy in children with hematologic diseases who require splenectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Ruggiero
- Pediatric Oncology Unit, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.A.); (S.T.); (A.R.); (P.M.); (S.M.)
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13
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Hafezi N, Carpenter KL, Colgate CL, Gray BW, Rescorla FJ. Partial splenectomy in children: Long-term reoperative outcomes ☆. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:1998-2004. [PMID: 33468309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Partial, or subtotal, splenectomy (PS) has become an accepted alternative to total splenectomy (TS) for management of hematologic disorders in children, but little is known about its long-term outcomes. Here, we present our institutional experience with partial splenectomy, to determine rate of subsequent TS or cholecystectomy and identify if any factors affected this need. METHODS All patients who underwent partial splenectomy at a single tertiary children's hospital were retrospectively reviewed from 2002 through 2019 after IRB approval. Primary outcome of interest was rate of reoperation to completion splenectomy (CS) and rate of cholecystectomy. Secondary outcome were positive predictor(s) for these subsequent procedures. RESULTS Twenty-four patients underwent PS, at median age 6.0 years, with preoperative spleen size of 12.7 cm by ultrasound. At median follow up time of 8.0 years, 29% of all patients and 24% of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) patients underwent completion splenectomy at median 34 months and 45 months, respectively. Amongst HS patients who did not have a cholecystectomy with or prior to PS, 39% underwent a delayed cholecystectomy following PS. There were no significant differences in age at index procedure, preoperative splenic volume, weight of splenic specimen removed, transfusion requirements, preoperative or postoperative hematologic parameters (including hemoglobin, hematocrit, total bilirubin, and reticulocyte count) amongst patients of all diagnoses and HS only who underwent PS alone compared to those who went on to CS. There were no cases of OPSS or deaths. CONCLUSION Partial splenectomy is a safe alternative to total splenectomy in children with hematologic disease with theoretical decreased susceptibility to OPSS. However, families should be counseled of a 29% chance of reoperation to completion splenectomy, and, in HS patients, a 39% chance of delayed cholecystectomy if not performed prior to or with PS. Further studies are needed to understand predictors of these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloufar Hafezi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Suite 2500, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kyle L Carpenter
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Emerson Hall 125, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Cameron L Colgate
- Center for Outcomes Research in Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 545 Barnhill Drive, Emerson Hall, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Brian W Gray
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Suite 2500, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Frederick J Rescorla
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Suite 2500, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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14
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Silvestri V, Pontecorvi E, Filotico M, Coppola A, Lauria F, Bracale U, Corcione F. Laparoscopic splenic artery aneurysmectomy with ICG guided partial splenectomy: alternative approach. MINIM INVASIV THER 2021; 31:810-814. [PMID: 34694196 DOI: 10.1080/13645706.2021.1994420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We herein report the case of a voluminous splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) diagnosed in a 48 year-old Caucasian male patient. After endovascular treatment failure, considering the volumetric aneurysm increase and recurrent symptoms, a laparoscopic splenic artery aneurysmectomy with partial splenectomy guided by indocyanine green fluorescence (ICG) was performed. This conservative strategy leads to save a spleen volume of about 10 cm3 to avoid postsplenectomy thrombocytosis and infections, potential immunodeficiency and overwhelming postsplenectomy infection syndrome (OPSS) and to preserve pancreatic vascularization preventing distal pancreas injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vania Silvestri
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuele Pontecorvi
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcello Filotico
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Coppola
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Lauria
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Bracale
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Corcione
- Department of General and Oncological Minimally Invasive Surgery, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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15
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Makansi M, Hutter M, Theilen TM, Fiegel HC, Rolle U, Gfroerer S. Comparison of perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic and open partial splenectomy in children and adolescents. World J Gastrointest Surg 2021; 13:979-987. [PMID: 34621474 PMCID: PMC8462087 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v13.i9.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to avoid consequences of total splenectomy, partial splenectomy (PS) is increasingly reported. The purpose of this study was to compare perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic PS (LPS) and open PS (OPS) in children and adolescents.
AIM To compare perioperative outcomes of patients with LPS and OPS.
METHODS After institutional review board approval, a total of 26 patients that underwent LPS or OPS between January 2008 and July 2018 were identified from the database of our tertiary referral center. In total, 10 patients had LPS, and 16 patients underwent OPS. Blood loss was calculated by Mercuriali’s formula. Pain scores, analgesic requirements and complications were assessed. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for comparison. To compare categorical variables, Fisher’s exact test was applied.
RESULTS LPS was performed in 10 patients; 16 patients had OPS. Demographics (except for body mass index and duration of follow-up), indicating primary disease, preoperative spleen size and postoperative spleen volume, perioperative hematological parameters, postoperative pain scores, analgesic requirements, adverse events according to the Clavien-Dindo classification and the comprehensive complication index, median time from operation to initiation of feeds, median time from operation to full feeds, median time from operation to mobilization and median length of hospital stay did not differ between LPS and OPS. Median (range) operative time (min) was longer in LPS compared to the OPS group [185 (135-298) vs 144 (112-270), respectively; P = 0.048]. Calculated perioperative blood loss (mL of red blood cell count) was higher in the LPS group compared to OPS [87 (-45-777) vs -37 (-114-553), respectively; P = 0.039].
CONCLUSION This is the first study that compared outcomes of LPS and OPS. Both operative approaches had comparable perioperative outcomes. LPS appears to be a viable alternative to OPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Makansi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Martin Hutter
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Till-Martin Theilen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Henning C Fiegel
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Udo Rolle
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main 60590, Germany
| | - Stefan Gfroerer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, Helios Clinic Berlin-Buch, Berlin 13125, Germany
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16
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Romboli A, Annicchiarico A, Morini A, Castro Ruiz C, Pagliai L, Montali F, Costi R. Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy: A Critical Appraisal of an Emerging Technique. A Review of the First 457 Published Cases. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 2021; 31:1130-1142. [PMID: 33471586 DOI: 10.1089/lap.2020.0769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) may allow avoiding total splenectomy (TS) complications and maximizing the advantages of mini-invasive approach. The objective of this review is to assess feasibility and safety of LPS, to compare this approach with alternative options. Materials and Methods: A literature review of articles reporting LPS is performed. Several parameters, including age, indication, surgical technique, devices used for splenic section/hemostasis, adverse outcomes, including morbidity/mortality, conversions to open surgery, conversions to TS, operative time (OT), and hospital stay (HS), are analyzed. Articles comparing LPS' results with those of open partial splenectomy and laparoscopic TS are also analyzed. Results: Fifty-nine articles reporting 457 LPS were included. Patients' characteristics varied widely, concerning age and indications, including hematological disease (hereditary spherocytosis, drepanocytosis), splenic focal masses, and trauma. Several technical options are reported. Mean OT and HS are 128 ± 43.7 minutes and 4.9 ± 3.8 days, respectively. No mortality and 5.7% morbidity are reported. Conversion rates to open surgery and to TS are 3.9% and 3.7%, respectively. Conclusions: In conclusion LPS is feasible and safe, with no mortality, low morbidity, and low conversion rates to laparotomy and to TS. LPS may be accomplished by various techniques and tools. Major complications are sporadically reported, thus potential risks should not be underestimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Romboli
- Unità di Scienze Chirurgiche, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italia
| | - Alfredo Annicchiarico
- Unità di Scienze Chirurgiche, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italia.,Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento Chirurgico, Ospedale di Vaio, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Parma, Fidenza, Italia
| | - Andrea Morini
- Unità di Scienze Chirurgiche, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italia.,Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento Chirurgico, Ospedale di Vaio, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Parma, Fidenza, Italia
| | - Carolina Castro Ruiz
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Ospedale Civile di Guastalla, Guastalla, Italia
| | - Lorenzo Pagliai
- Unità di Scienze Chirurgiche, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italia
| | - Filippo Montali
- Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento Chirurgico, Ospedale di Vaio, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Parma, Fidenza, Italia
| | - Renato Costi
- Unità di Scienze Chirurgiche, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, Parma, Italia.,Unità Operativa di Chirurgia Generale, Dipartimento Chirurgico, Ospedale di Vaio, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Parma, Fidenza, Italia
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17
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Utilization of the Falciform Ligament to Buttress the Spleen Transection Staple Line During Laparoscopic Partial Splenectomy: A Novel Technique. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2020; 30:e1-e3. [PMID: 31764864 DOI: 10.1097/sle.0000000000000736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Preservation of all or part the spleen is desired whenever oncologically acceptable and technically possible. Although a number of techniques for partial splenectomy have been described, the ideal approach remains elusive. We describe a novel technique in which the autologous falciform ligament was harvested, wrapped around the proposed splenic transection site, and secured with sutures to act as a buttress to a splenic transection staple line during a laparoscopic multivisceral resection for gastrocolic fistula secondary to locally advanced colon cancer. The spleen transection staple line was bloodless and the patient's recovery was uneventful. Our novel application of the falciform ligament to buttress the staple line at the time of spleen transection during partial splenectomy appears safe and warrants further assessment.
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18
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Bing Y, Sadula A, Xiu D, Yuan C. Laparoscopic middle segment splenectomy for central splenic hemangioma: A case report. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 77:925-929. [PMID: 33277219 PMCID: PMC7775971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.10.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Laparoscopic middle segment splenectomy for central splenic hemangioma is a new technique. Laparoscopic middle segment splenectomy for central splenic hemangioma is very useful for some selected patients. In patients with splenic artery bifurcation point far from the splenic hilus parenchyma and in those cases where the blood supply of the upper and lower pole splenic segments can be ensured, when the splenic tumor is resected, performing LPS and retaining some upper and lower splenic segments is possible to ensure sufficient residual spleen.
Introduction Laparoscopic surgery plays an important role in the treatment of splenichematologic pathologies and solid lesions. Splenic hemangioma is the most common benign tumor of the spleen. In patients with benign splenic space-occupying lesions, laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) has a lower incidence of postoperative complications than laparoscopic total splenectomy (LTS). Currently, no uniform standard for the indication of LPS is available. Presentation of case Herein, we report a case of hemangioma in a 23-year-old woman treated with LPS. After multidisciplinary evaluation, laparoscopic splenectomy was indicated in this case; upon evaluating the age of the patient and the affected spleen portion, a middle segment splenectomy was proposed, with preservation of the upper and lower pole. The intraoperative frozen section of the specimen was negative for malignancies. Discussion Surgery remains the first choice in the treatment of solid lesions of the spleen. In this case, the volume of splenic hemangioma was large and accumulated in the upper and lower segments of the spleen. After the middle branch of splenic artery was cut off, the tumor was completely contained in the middle of upper and lower ischemic lines splenic segment. We think that the central type of benign splenic space occupying is not an absolute contraindication of LPS. For the patients whose splenic artery bifurcation point is far from the splenic hilus parenchyma and in those cases where the blood supply of the upper and lower poles of the splenic segments can be ensured, when the splenic tumor is resected, performing LPS and retaining some parts of the upper and lower splenic segments is possible to ensure sufficient residual spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntao Bing
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, China
| | - Abuduhaibaier Sadula
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, China
| | - Dianrong Xiu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Chunhui Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 Huayuan North Road, Beijing, China.
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Paulo LNL, Alexander DR, Vallandro EID, Benevides RDA, Motta LLD, Paulo MSL, Paulo DNS. Macro and microscopic comparison of the upper pole of the spleen with the lower pole in partial splenectomy. Acta Cir Bras 2020; 35:e202000902. [PMID: 33084734 PMCID: PMC7584296 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020200090000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the viability of the upper (UP) and lower pole (LP) of the spleen from a macro and microscopic point of view, after subtotal splenectomy with preservation (SSP) of the UP and the LP. Methods Seventeen male Wistar rats, two months old, were submitted to SSPUP and SSPLP and 5 to simulated operation (SG). After 80 days, the rats were euthanized, and the remaining LP and UP and intact spleens were evaluated macroscopically and microscopically. Results Two rats died during the operation. Macroscopic analysis showed that in 15 LP, one of them was not viable and in 15 UP and in 5 spleens in the SG, all were viable. In the statistical analysis, there was no difference in relation to viability. The LP and UP analyzed showed variation. As for the length, the UP increased significantly; however, in relation to the width, there was a significant increase in the LP in relation to the UP. In addition, the weight of the UP was significantly greater than that of the LP. Microscopic analysis attested viability of the splenic remnants. Conclusion There was no significant difference regarding the viability of UP and LP, in macroscopy and microscopy.
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Laparoscopic near-total splenectomy. Report of a case. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 77S:S44-S47. [PMID: 33191191 PMCID: PMC7876733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a case report of near total splenectomy managed by laparoscopy for a large lesion of the upper pole of the spleen. When total splenectomy is performed, an increased risk of potentially lethal infections arises. Asplenia and impaired splenic function are related to the increase of morbidity and mortality from infectious complications. The overwhelming post splenectomy infections (OPSI) are mostly represented by fulminating sepsis, meningitis or pneumonia. laparoscopic near total splenectomy is an innovative partial splenectomy technique consisting on preserving a residual spleen volume. The comparison between other spleen preserving techniques shows that LNTS is associated with a lower rate of secondary surgery and postoperative recurrence of anaemia.
Introduction Splenectomy is a surgical procedure indicated for the treatment of most benign and malignant splenic diseases, especially hematologic disorders. Laparoscopic approach is preferable to the open surgery for most indications because it reduces intra- and post-operative complications and shortens hospital stay. Laparoscopic approach is also feasible for partial splenectomy. Spleen-preserving techniques reduce the risk of severe infections and thromboembolic events that can occur after total splenectomy Case presentation We report a case of a 50-year old woman with an incidentally discovered voluminous lesion in the superior pole of spleen. A laparoscopic near-total splenectomy was performed. Discussion The evidence about the potential complications in splenectomised patients speaks in favour of performing spleen-sparing surgical techniques whenever possible. Most common indications for laparoscopic partial splenectomy are non-parasitic splenic cystic, benign splenic tumors, splenic haematological diseases, non-cystic intraparenchymal lesions, spleen rupture, splenic abscess, vascular abnormalities. Laparoscopic near total splenectomy is an innovative partial splenectomy technique consisting on preserving a residual spleen volume. Conclusion LNTS seems to be a safe and effective technique for the management of benign spleen diseases. The comparison between other spleen preserving techniques shows that LNTS is associated with a lower rate of secondary surgery and postoperative recurrence of anaemia.
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Ouyang G, Li Y, Cai Y, Wang X, Cai H, Peng B. Laparoscopic partial splenectomy with temporary occlusion of the trunk of the splenic artery in fifty-one cases: experience at a single center. Surg Endosc 2020; 35:367-373. [PMID: 32052148 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laparoscopic partial splenectomy (LPS) for splenic benign space-occupying lesions has been reported by many researchers; however, few studies have described methods to control intraoperative bleeding. Trustworthy experience in LPS with a satisfactory intraoperative hemorrhage control technique is therefore necessary. The current study aims to present our experience in LPS with temporary occlusion of the trunk of the splenic artery for controlling intraoperative bleeding with a large sample of 51 cases and to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and reproducibility of this technique. METHODS Fifty-one patients from August 2014 to April 2019 who underwent LPS in our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical techniques were described in detail. RESULTS All patients had successfully undergone LPS with temporary occlusion of the trunk of the splenic artery. Conversions to open surgery, hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomies, or blood transfusions were not needed. The operative time was 94.75 ± 18.91 min, the estimated blood loss was 71.13 ± 53.87 ml, and the volume of resected spleen was 34.75 ± 12.19%. The range of postoperative stays was 4-14 days. One female patient (2%, 1/51) suffered from postoperative complications. No perioperative mortality, incision infections, postoperative pancreatic fistulas (POPFs), splenic infarctions, or portal/splenic vein thromboembolic events occurred. CONCLUSION LPS is an effective spleen-preserving surgery. Although there are many other bleeding control methods, temporarily occluding the trunk of the splenic artery was found to be a safe, feasible, and reproducible technique in LPS. The outcomes of this technique and the efficacy of splenic parenchyma preservation are acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Ouyang
- Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yongbin Li
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunqiang Cai
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - He Cai
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Peng
- Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
- Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Shangjin Nanfu Hospital, Chengdu, China.
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