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Ochoa Chaar CI, Kostiuk V, Rodriguez PP, Kim TI, Rathbone D, Ghandour L, Burns R, Thorn SL, Sinusas AJ, Guzman RJ, Dardik A. The development of a novel endovascular grasper for challenging inferior vena cava filter retrieval. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2024; 12:101731. [PMID: 38081514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2023.101731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are commonly retrieved using a snare, lateral tilt and fibrosis around struts can complicate the procedure and sometimes require the use of off-label devices. We describe the development of a novel articulating endovascular grasper designed to remove permanent and retrievable IVC filters in any configuration. METHODS For in vitro testing, the IVC filters were anchored to the inner wall of a flexible tube in a centered or tilted configuration. A high-contrast backlit camera view simulated the two-dimensional fluoroscopy projection during retrieval. The time from the retrieval device introduction into the camera field to complete filter retrieval was measured in seconds. The control experiment involved temporary IVC filter retrieval with a snare. There were four comparative groups: (1) retrievable filter in centered configuration; (2) retrievable filter in tilted configuration; (3) permanent filter in centered configuration; and (4) permanent filter in tilted configuration. Every experiment was repeated five times, with median retrieval time compared with the control group. For in vivo testing in a porcine model, six tilted infrarenal IVC filters were retrieved with grasper via right jugular approach. Comparison analysis between animal and patient procedures was performed for the following variables: total procedure time, the retrieval time, and fluoroscopy time. RESULTS The in vitro experiments showed comparable retrieval times between the experimental groups 1, 2, and 4 and the control. However, grasper removal of a centered permanent filter (group 3) required significantly less time than in the control (29 vs 79 seconds; P = .009). In the animal model, all IVC filters were retrieved using the grasper with no adverse events. The total procedure time (21.2 vs 43.5 minutes; P = .01) and the fluoroscopy time (4.3 vs 10 minutes; P = .044) were significantly shorter in the animal model compared with the patient group. Moreover, in the patient group, 16.7% of retrievals required advanced endovascular techniques, and one IVC filter could not be retrieved (success rate = 91.7%), whereas all the IVC filters were successfully retrieved in the animal model without the use of additional tools. CONCLUSIONS The novel endovascular grasper is effective in retrieving different types of IVC filters in different configurations and compared favorably with the snare in the in vitro model. In vivo experiments demonstrated more effective retrieval when compared with matched patient retrievals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassius Iyad Ochoa Chaar
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
| | | | - Paula Pinto Rodriguez
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Tanner I Kim
- Department of Surgery, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Dan Rathbone
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Liliane Ghandour
- School of Public Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, LB
| | - Rachel Burns
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Stephanie L Thorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Albert J Sinusas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Raul J Guzman
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Alan Dardik
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Effect of scheduling inferior vena cava filter removal during the placement encounter on filter removal rate. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2020; 9:691-696. [PMID: 32947007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we sought to determine whether early pre-emptive scheduling of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) removal during the preoperative IVCF placement visit would affect the IVCF removal rate. METHODS All electronically documented IVCF placements at a single institution were reviewed from April 2015 to July 2019. The baseline characteristics included age, the clinical indications for IVCF placement, inpatient/outpatient status, and type of IVCF placed. Statistical analysis was performed using the χ2 for discrete variables and the two-tailed paired t test for continuous variables. RESULTS A total of 599 patients (mean age, 68 years; 273 women and 326 men) had undergone technically successful IVCF placement. During the preoperative consent process for placement, 232 patients had been scheduled for IVCF removal within 3 months after placement. However, 367 patients had not been scheduled for removal at the preoperative consent process. The indications for placement included failure of anticoagulation, a contraindication to anticoagulation (eg, bleeding), preoperative prophylaxis, and others. Of the 232 patients scheduled for IVCF removal during preoperative consent for IVCF placement, 103 (44%) had undergone successful IVCF removal (mean interval from placement, 107 ± 100 days). Of the 367 nonscheduled patients, 89 (24%) had undergone successful IVCF removal (mean time, 184 ± 215 days). We found a significant improvement in the IVCF removal rate between the scheduled and nonscheduled patients (P < .0001). Three patients (all from the scheduled group) had a clot burden within the IVCF, which meant they were inappropriate for removal. These patients were rescheduled and had eventually undergone uncomplicated removal. CONCLUSIONS Scheduling IVCF removal during the placement encounter significantly increased the IVCF removal rate. This approach could be a viable option for institutions where clinic time and/or resources are limited or unavailable and for patients who have difficulty traveling for clinical evaluations.
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Kaufman JA, Barnes GD, Chaer RA, Cuschieri J, Eberhardt RT, Johnson MS, Kuo WT, Murin S, Patel S, Rajasekhar A, Weinberg I, Gillespie DL. Society of Interventional Radiology Clinical Practice Guideline for Inferior Vena Cava Filters in the Treatment of Patients with Venous Thromboembolic Disease: Developed in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology, American College of Chest Physicians, American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma, American Heart Association, Society for Vascular Surgery, and Society for Vascular Medicine. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020; 31:1529-1544. [PMID: 32919823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide evidence-based recommendations on the use of inferior vena cava (IVC) filters in the treatment of patients with or at substantial risk of venous thromboembolic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multidisciplinary expert panel developed key questions to address in the guideline, and a systematic review of the literature was conducted. Evidence was graded based on a standard methodology, which was used to inform the development of recommendations. RESULTS The systematic review identified a total of 34 studies that provided the evidence base for the guideline. The expert panel agreed on 18 recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Although the evidence on the use of IVC filters in patients with or at risk of venous thromboembolic disease varies in strength and quality, the panel provides recommendations for the use of IVC filters in a variety of clinical scenarios. Additional research is needed to optimize care for this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Kaufman
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon.
| | - Geoffrey D Barnes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Rabih A Chaer
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Cuschieri
- Department of Surgery, Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Robert T Eberhardt
- Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Matthew S Johnson
- Department of Radiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - William T Kuo
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Susan Murin
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California
| | - Sheena Patel
- Society of Interventional Radiology, Fairfax, Virginia
| | - Anita Rajasekhar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Ido Weinberg
- Cardiology Division, Vascular Medicine Section, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David L Gillespie
- Southcoast Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Southcoast Physicians Group, Dartmouth, Massachusetts
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Aurshina A, Brahmandam A, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Mojibian H, Sarac T, Ochoa Chaar CI. Patient perspectives on inferior vena cava filter retrieval. J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord 2019; 7:507-513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Usefulness of a Computerized Reminder System to Improve Inferior Vena Cava Filter Retrieval and Complications. Am J Cardiol 2019; 123:348-353. [PMID: 30424866 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inferior vena cava filters (IVCF) are associated with complications which may be due to delayed retrieval. Initiation of an automated reminder system may improve retrieval rates and reduce complications. A computerized reminder system, which provides interactive email reminders after implantation while collecting IVCF use data, was implemented. IVCF retrieval was compared before ("reminder not provided" group) and after ("reminder provided" group) implementation. Data regarding implantation, retrieval, and complications were collected. The primary efficacy outcome was retrieval rate, and the primary safety outcome was indwelling complication rate. Secondary outcomes were time to retrieval and a composite adverse outcome defined as IVCF thrombosis, deep venous thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and death. A total of 1,070 IVCF insertions were included, 715 in the "reminder not provided" group and 355 in the "reminder provided" group. Patient age (61 vs 64 years, p = 0.95) and gender (42% vs 40% female, p = 0.55) were similar in the "reminder not provided" and "reminder provided" groups, respectively. In the "reminder provided" group, the retrieval rate was higher (148/297 [49.8%] vs 223/715 [31.2%], p = 0.0001), the indwelling complication rate was lower (30/319 [9.4%] vs 115/715 [16.1%], p = 0.005), and the time to retrieval was shorter (112 days vs 146 days, p = 0.02). The composite adverse outcome occurred less frequently in the "reminder provided" group: (85/355 [23.9%] vs 297/715 [41.5%], p = 0.0001). The system was associated with increased odds of IVCF retrieval (odds ratio 2.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.82 to 3.59; p <0.0001) and reduced odds of the composite adverse outcome (odds ratio 0.72; 95% confidence interval: 0.60 to 0.80; p <0.0001). In conclusion, implementing a computerized email reminder system was associated with higher IVCF retrieval rates, fewer indwelling complications, and shorter dwell times.
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A Review of Interventions to Increase Vena Cava Filter Retrieval Rates. Ann Vasc Surg 2018; 51:284-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Hohenwalter EJ, Stone JR, O’Moore PV, Smith SJ, Selby JB, Lewandowski RJ, Samuels S, Kiproff PM, Trost DW, Madoff DC, Handel J, Gandras EJ, Vlahos A, Rilling WS. Multicenter Trial of the VenaTech Convertible Vena Cava Filter. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017; 28:1353-1362. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Tse G, Cleveland T, Goode S. Ten-year experience of retrievable inferior vena cava filters in a tertiary referral center. Diagn Interv Radiol 2017; 23:144-149. [PMID: 28093377 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2016.16022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A significant proportion of patients undergoing surgery have an increased incidence of acute pulmonary embolus (PE). We analyzed all patients who had a retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placed preoperatively for PE prophylaxis and investigated the long-term outcomes of the patients who did not have their filter removed. METHODS Patients who underwent retrievable IVC filter insertion and attempted removal were identified from the radiology information systems database in a large tertiary referral university teaching hospital. Results of all clinical investigations (including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography, and plain radiography) while the IVC filters were in situ were reviewed. RESULTS In total, 393 retrievable IVC filters were inserted, 254 with the indication of preoperative thromboembolic prophylaxis. Recurrent PE was reported in five patients (1.9%) despite the IVC filter. Of the 254 retrievable filters inserted prior to surgery, an attempt at retrieval was made in 168 filters (66.1%). Successful retrieval at the first attempt occurred in 143 cases (85.1%), while 25 cases failed or were aborted (14.9%). No attempt at retrieval was made in 86 (33.9%) patients and a significant proportion of these patients had undergone cancer surgery (P < 0.0107). In those patients where there was no attempt at retrieval, there was an association between cancer surgery and a shorter absolute survival time (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The majority of attempted filter retrievals were successful, and a proportion of nonretrieved IVC filters are accounted for in patients who underwent cancer surgery and ultimately died with the filter in situ. A departmental protocol is recommended to ensure the filter is removed where appropriate and possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Tse
- Department of Radiology, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
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Implementation of an institutional protocol to improve inferior vena cava utilization and outcomes. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2017; 44:190-196. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-017-1513-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Klinken S, Humphries C, Ferguson J. Establishment of an inferior vena cava filter database and interventional radiology led follow-up - retrieval rates and patients lost to follow-up. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2017; 61:630-635. [DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Klinken
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
| | | | - John Ferguson
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital; Perth Western Australia Australia
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Rottenstreich A, Spectre G, Roth B, Bloom AI, Kalish Y. Patterns of use and outcome of inferior vena cava filters in a tertiary care setting. Eur J Haematol 2015. [PMID: 25753289 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement is increasing although the evidence to justify their use is limited. Many filters are left in place indefinitely, thereby exposing patients to long-term complications. OBJECTIVES To review indications, complications, and follow-up data of patients undergoing IVC filter placement at our center. METHODS A retrospective review of consecutive admitted patients who underwent IVC filter insertion in a large university hospital with a level I trauma center. Thrombosis specialists retrospectively assessed the appropriateness of indication for IVC filter placement as well as referral for retrieval. RESULTS Overall, 405 filters were inserted between 2009 and 2013. All filters were retrievable. IVC filter was placed as a primary prevention in 42% of patients. Fifty-two patients (12.8%) experienced at least one filter-related complication. The most common complication was deep vein thrombosis occurring in 6.9% of cases. Almost a third of all complications occurred in filters originally placed for prophylactic indications. Only 13.6% of filters were successfully removed. Nevertheless, according to our reviewers, an attempt for filter retrieval should have been made in 57% of all cases and in 86% of trauma patients. A significantly higher retrieval rate was found in patients followed at our thrombosis clinic (P < 0.01). During follow-up, 95 patients (23.4%) died, most of them with active cancer. CONCLUSIONS IVC filters are placed in many cases for prophylactic indications. Their low retrieval rates together with relatively high risk of long-term complications, questions their extensive utilization. Prospective trials addressing the safety and efficacy of IVC filters are still warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amihai Rottenstreich
- Department of Hematology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Sutphin PD, Reis SP, McKune A, Ravanzo M, Kalva SP, Pillai AK. Improving inferior vena cava filter retrieval rates with the define, measure, analyze, improve, control methodology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2015; 26:491-8.e1. [PMID: 25636673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2014.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To design a sustainable process to improve optional inferior vena cava (IVC) filter retrieval rates based on the Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control (DMAIC) methodology of the Six Sigma process improvement paradigm. MATERIALS AND METHODS DMAIC, an acronym for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control, was employed to design and implement a quality improvement project to increase IVC filter retrieval rates at a tertiary academic hospital. Retrievable IVC filters were placed in 139 patients over a 2-year period. The baseline IVC filter retrieval rate (n = 51) was reviewed through a retrospective analysis, and two strategies were devised to improve the filter retrieval rate: (a) mailing of letters to clinicians and patients for patients who had filters placed within 8 months of implementation of the project (n = 43) and (b) a prospective automated scheduling of a clinic visit at 4 weeks after filter placement for all new patients (n = 45). The effectiveness of these strategies was assessed by measuring the filter retrieval rates and estimated increase in revenue to interventional radiology. RESULTS IVC filter retrieval rates increased from a baseline of 8% to 40% with the mailing of letters and to 52% with the automated scheduling of a clinic visit 4 weeks after IVC filter placement. The estimated revenue per 100 IVC filters placed increased from $2,249 to $10,518 with the mailing of letters and to $17,022 with the automated scheduling of a clinic visit. CONCLUSIONS Using the DMAIC methodology, a simple and sustainable quality improvement intervention was devised that markedly improved IVC filter retrieval rates in eligible patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Sutphin
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390..
| | - Stephen P Reis
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Angie McKune
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Maria Ravanzo
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Sanjeeva P Kalva
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Anil K Pillai
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390
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Peterson EA, Yenson PR, Liu D, Lee AY. Predictors of attempted inferior vena cava filters retrieval in a tertiary care centre. Thromb Res 2014; 134:300-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brown NI, Deleacy R, Szikla C, Jhamb A. Taking the inferior out of inferior vena cava filter follow-up. Med J Aust 2014; 200:206. [PMID: 24580519 DOI: 10.5694/mja13.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas I Brown
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Reade Deleacy
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chloe Szikla
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashu Jhamb
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Dixon A, Stavropoulos SW. Improving retrieval rates for retrievable inferior vena cava filters. Expert Rev Med Devices 2013; 10:135-41. [PMID: 23278230 DOI: 10.1586/erd.12.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filters was an important step in the evolution of deep vein thrombosis/pulmonary embolism management. Their removability makes them preferred to permanent filters in many cases. IVC filter retrieval often occurs at a suboptimal rate, leading to complications associated with long-term placement. Improving retrievability includes solutions for patients being lost to follow-up, filter malpositioning, need arising for permanent IVC filtration, filtration requiring longer than the filter's window of retrievability, and filter compromise by the presence of a large trapped clot. This review explores these strategies for retrieval in detail in hopes of improving IVC filter retrieval rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Dixon
- University of Pennsylvania Health System, 3600 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Uberoi R, Tapping CR, Chalmers N, Allgar V. British Society of Interventional Radiology (BSIR) Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Filter Registry. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2013; 36:1548-1561. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-013-0606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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El-Amm J, Mobarek DA, Furmark L, Aggarwal A, Faselis C, Rickles FR. The infrequent removal of retrievable IVC filters. Thromb Res 2013; 131:277-8. [PMID: 23351663 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2012.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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