Endoluminal embolization of bilateral atherosclerotic common iliac aneurysms with fibrin tissue glue (Beriplast)

Liquid Embolic Agents for Endovascular Embolization: A Review

Endovascular embolization (EE) has been used for the treatment of blood vessel abnormalities, including aneurysms, AVMs, tumors, etc. The aim of this process is to occlude the affected vessel using biocompatible embolic agents. Two types of embolic agents, solid and liquid, are used for endovascular embolization. Liquid embolic agents are usually injectable and delivered into the vascular malformation sites using a catheter guided by X-ray imaging (i.e., angiography). After injection, the liquid embolic agent transforms into a solid implant in situ based on a variety of mechanisms, including polymerization, precipitation, and cross-linking, through ionic or thermal process. Until now, several polymers have been designed successfully for the development of liquid embolic agents. Both natural and synthetic polymers have been used for this purpose. In this review, we discuss embolization procedures with liquid embolic agents in different clinical applications, as well as in pre-clinical research studies.

N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Glue Embolization of Splenic Artery Aneurysms

A patient with Polyarteritis Nodosa presented with abdominal pain and low hematocrit level. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) depicted the presence of free blood and CT angiography revealed two aneurysms in the inferior branch of the splenic artery that were subsequently treated by endovascular transarterial embolization with N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate. Post embolization splenic arteriography demonstrated complete embolization of both aneurysms, including the inflow and outflow vessels.