1
|
Ebid AHIM, Hossam A, El Gammal MM, Soror S, Mangoud NOM, Mahmoud MA. High dose methotrexate in adult Egyptian patients with hematological malignancies: impact of ABCB1 3435C > T rs1045642 and MTHFR 677C > T rs1801133 polymorphisms on toxicities and delayed elimination. J Chemother 2021; 34:381-390. [PMID: 34895107 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2021.2009723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
High dose methotrexate (HDMTX) is an essential agent in chemotherapeutic regimens used in various hematological malignancies in Egyptian adults. The research for the impact of gene polymorphism on HDMTX induced toxicities and delayed elimination is an important ongoing objective in many studies, variable and conflicting results produced in the past years to clarify that impact. This study aimed to investigate the role of ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642 and MTHFR 677 C > T rs1801133 polymorphisms on HDMTX induced toxicity outcomes and delayed elimination in Egyptian adult patients with hematological malignancies. A prospective, observational cohort study was conducted on a total of 62 Egyptian adult patients with hematological malignancies age ≥ 18-years-old. All demographic, medical, and laboratory data were continuously collected from the patients' medical files in an up-to-date follow-up in selected clinics during the period from April 2018 to March 2020. Venous blood samples were collected for the purpose of genotyping, DNA extraction, and measurement of MTX levels. All the relevant data were statistically analyzed. The studied patients' median age was 25 years old with a range of (18-62) years. Forty-six patients were males with about 74%, and 16 were females with about 26%. Eighty-nine percent of the patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia 'ALL', 5% of the patients had B cell non-hodgkin lymphoma 'B-NHL' and 3% diagnosed with primary central nervous system lymphoma 'PCNSL' and Burkitt's lymphoma 'BL' Hematological, hepatic, renal and gastrointestinal toxicities observed post-HDMTX were recorded with the hematological toxicities toping on all the others, also patients with delayed elimination at 72 hours post the HDMTX dose were determined. Statistical analysis revealed a significant association between ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642 and HDMTX delayed elimination with about 10 times higher risk among the minor allele 'T' carriers (p-value = 0.006) (odds ratio [OR]: 10.470; 95% CI: 1.961-55.904). No significant association observed between the studied gene polymorphisms: MTHFR 677 C > T rs1801133, ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642, and different toxicity outcomes. According to our best knowledge, this study is the first to conclude a significant association between ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642 gene polymorphism and HDMTX delayed elimination at 72 hours post HDMTX infusion; also, it is the first study to analyze the association between ABCB1 3435 C > T rs1045642 polymorphism with HDMTX toxicity and delayed elimination in adult Egyptian patients with hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Hameed I M Ebid
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hossam
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Sameh Soror
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia O M Mangoud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Adel Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bleyer A. Important factors improving outcome of young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2021; 34:101322. [PMID: 34865694 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2021.101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Four categories of important factors improving outcome of young adults and older adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are biologic type, clinical trials, pediatric vs. adult treatment regimen, and psychosocial challenges. Overall, the outcome of ALL in the age group has improved and beginning to catch up with that in children, as exemplified by CALGB 10403, a pediatric treatment regimen. Each is dependent for optimum development, however, on progress in the others. Without adequate psychosocial support and improvement, progress in clinical trials, translational research, and pediatric regimen application is impaired. Without clinical trials, advances in translational research, optimal pediatric regimen application and adequate psychosocial research are restricted. Overall, we have improved the outcome and outlook of ALL in AYAs, as exemplified by CALGB 10403, but we and our current and future patients still have a long way to go.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Archie Bleyer
- Oregon Health and Science University, 2884 NW Horizon Dr. Bend, 97703, Portland, OR, USA; University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Marín-Sánchez A, Martínez-Fernández G, Gómez-Catalán I, Montoya-Morcillo MC, Algarra JL, García ÁI, Hernández-Fernández F, Romero-Macías JR. Comparison in safety of chemotherapy protocols for blood cancers: toxicity of H-CVAD versus GELA/BURKIMAB/PETHEMA LAL. Ecancermedicalscience 2021; 15:1206. [PMID: 33912231 PMCID: PMC8057780 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2021.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objective The Hyper-CVAD/Methotrexate-Cytarabine (H-CVAD/MTX-AraC) chemotherapy protocol has been one of the standard treatments for blood cancers, such as Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) and B-cell and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Due to high toxicity, it has been progressively replaced with new specific regimens with a better safety profile (GELA protocol for MCL, BURKIMAB for BL and PETHEMA for B-cell and T-cell ALL). The objective of this study is to analyse the toxicity and infectious complications of these therapeutic regimens, as well as the event free survival (EFS). Patients and methods This is a retrospective and descriptive observational study of 81 patients, comparing 42 patients treated with H-CVAD/MTX-AraC (group A) versus 39 patients treated with GELA/BURKIMAB/PETHEMA (group B). Results All patients in group A developed pancytopenia, but in group B 74.4% neutropenia, 51.3% thrombocytopenia and 69.2% anaemia. The total number of infections in group A was higher than in group B: 154 versus 48, 3.67 versus 1.23 per patient and 0.59 versus 0.25 per cycle. Likewise, febrile neutropenia happened: 106 versus 21 cases, 2.52 versus 0.52 per patient and 0.41 versus 0.11 per cycle. EVS is higher in group B: 33% versus 79% (2-year), and 24% versus 69% (5-year). Conclusions Current therapeutic protocols have shown higher EFS due to better safety profile, with less haematological, neurological and haemorrhagic toxicity, as well as lower rates of infectious complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Marín-Sánchez
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Irene Gómez-Catalán
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Montoya-Morcillo
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Jesús Lorenzo Algarra
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Ángela Ibañez García
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco Hernández-Fernández
- Neurology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Romero-Macías
- Haematology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete, Calle Hermanos Falcó 37, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torres-Flores J, Espinoza-Zamora R, Garcia-Mendez J, Cervera-Ceballos E, Sosa-Espinoza A, Zapata-Canto N. Treatment-Related Mortality From Infectious Complications in an Acute Leukemia Clinic. J Hematol 2020; 9:123-131. [PMID: 33224392 PMCID: PMC7665858 DOI: 10.14740/jh751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The main causes of mortality in patients with acute leukemia are the infectious complications. The author wanted to know the induction-related mortality and treatment-related mortality in the acute leukemia patients at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia (INCan), Mexico. Also the author is interested in finding out the micro-organism and the main site of infection to make some changes in the management of patients in these clinics. Primary objective was induction chemotherapy-related mortality and treatment-related mortality. Secondary objective was to determine the site of infection, micro-organism, type of chemotherapy related with more mortality and relapse mortality. Methods This was a retrospective case-series analysis of all patients who were admitted to the INCan Acute Leukemia Clinic between January 2012 and December 2015 with febrile neutropenic complications. We reviewed the case histories of all patients, including those with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), acute biphenotypic leukemia and acute promyelocytic leukemia, regardless of disease status (newly diagnosed or relapsed) at the time of clinic attendance. Patients who died as the result of an infectious complication during the analysis window were identified, and their demographics, disease characteristics, treatment history (chemotherapy within 45 days of date of death) and details of the infectious complication resulting in death were collected. Results Of the 313 patients studied during that time period, 84 (27%) died as a result of infectious complications. Lung infections were the most common, accounting for 67% of all deaths from infectious complications. Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases was the most frequently isolated infectious organism (12 patients; 14%). The majority of deaths occurred during either induction therapy (27 patients; 32%) or treatment for a first relapse (25 patients; 30%). Hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and dexamethasone (hyper-CVAD) was the chemotherapy regimen most commonly received within 45 days prior to death (17 patients; 20%). Conclusions Our findings suggest a need for long-term management and supportive care to prevent infectious complication-associated fatalities during both initial chemotherapy and subsequent disease relapse in patients with acute leukemia. The use of prophylaxis will help patients to prevent complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Torres-Flores
- Hematology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ramiro Espinoza-Zamora
- Hematology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Garcia-Mendez
- Infectious Diseases Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Nidia Zapata-Canto
- Hematology Department, Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia Mexico (INCan), Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jayachandran PK, Rajan AK, Karunakaran P, Mehra N, Selvarajan G, Kesana S, Dhanushkodi M, Radhakrishnan V, Sagar TG. Plasmablastic lymphoma - single centre experience with infusional EPOCH chemotherapy. Leuk Res 2020; 95:106391. [PMID: 32559556 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2020.106391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is a rare type of aggressive large B - cell non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) which was initially described in HIV positive individuals and later was also described in immune-competent individuals. It was included as a distinct entity in the WHO lymphoma classification in 2008. METHODS The clinical features, HIV status, treatment details, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with plasmablastic lymphoma from January 2012 to December 2018 were retrospectively collected from the patient records and analyzed. The survival analysis was done by Kaplan Meier analysis and the comparison was done by the Log Rank test. RESULTS The median age of 25 patients, included in the study was 41 years (Range 13-71 years). Males constituted 76 %. HIV positivity was 72 %. Stage IV disease was present in 76 %. Extranodal involvement was seen in 96 %. Out of 25 patients, seven did not receive any treatment and three received metronomic oral chemotherapy due to poor performance status at presentation. Fifteen patients received chemotherapy on a curative intent. Infusional EPOCH chemotherapy was given in 13 patients. CHOP and CHOEP chemotherapy was given in one patient each. The median number of cycles was 6 (Range: 3-8). The overall response rate of patients treated on a curative intent was 80 % (Complete response and partial response in 8 and 4 respectively). Three patients underwent high dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue at first remission. The median event-free survival (EFS) and median overall survival (OS) of the whole study population was 5.9 and 12.4 months respectively, with a median follow of 26.9 months. The median EFS was 13.8 months and the median OS was not reached in the curative-intent group. The factors adversely influencing the EFS and OS were Age > 40 years, high IPI, and non-curative intent of treatment. CONCLUSION Plasmablastic lymphoma commonly presents as stage 4 disease with extranodal involvement and is more common in immune-deficient individuals. Infusional EPOCH chemotherapy is a promising option that induces long term remission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Arun Kumar Rajan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | - Parathan Karunakaran
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | - Nikita Mehra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | - Gangothri Selvarajan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | - Sivasree Kesana
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | - Manikandan Dhanushkodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| | | | - Tenali Gnana Sagar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Chennai, TN, 600036 India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Retinal and Preretinal Hemorrhages in a Patient Receiving Hyper-CVAD Chemotherapy for T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2019; 2018:9457549. [PMID: 30627471 PMCID: PMC6304476 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9457549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone (Hyper-CVAD) is an important chemotherapeutic regimen for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We present a case of a 23-year-old male with T-cell ALL and visual acuity of 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye who developed significant changes in his vision after starting Hyper-CVAD therapy. The patient initially presented with cotton wool spots in the fundus shortly after starting the regimen. After going through the induction phase of chemotherapy, he had a sudden decline in his vision to light perception in the left eye. Posterior segment exam revealed retinal ischemia and multilayered hemorrhages in both eyes as well as a large preretinal hemorrhage obscuring the fovea in the left eye. Labs associated the appearance of these hemorrhages with a significant decrease in hemoglobin and a platelet count of 5 K/μL. A Nd:YAG laser applied in the left eye at the posterior hyaloid face allowed blood to drain into the vitreous cavity and brought the patient's visual acuity back to baseline. Hyper-CVAD is an aggressive chemotherapy regimen that can cause severe thrombocytopenia secondary to myelosuppression. Frequent retinal evaluations and timely intervention is advisable in these cases as extensive intraretinal hemorrhages may cause irreversible damage.
Collapse
|
7
|
Siegel SE, Advani A, Seibel N, Muffly L, Stock W, Luger S, Shah B, DeAngelo DJ, Freyer DR, Douer D, Johnson RH, Hayes-Lattin B, Lewis M, Jaboin JJ, Coccia PF, Bleyer A. Treatment of young adults with Philadelphia-negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma: Hyper-CVAD vs. pediatric-inspired regimens. Am J Hematol 2018; 93:1254-1266. [PMID: 30058716 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
For young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, pediatric-based regimens are likely to provide the following when compared to hyper-CVAD regimens: better disease control, less hospitalization time, diminished acute toxicities, decreased financial cost, more quality-adjusted life years, and fewer adverse late effects, such as infertility, myelodysplasia, and second malignant neoplasms. There are also reasons to expect less cardiac and cognitive dysfunction after pediatric regimens. The improved quality and quantity of life associated with pediatric regimens renders them preferable to hyper-CVAD regimens for the treatment of Philadelphia-negative B-precursor or T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoblastic lymphoma in young adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart E. Siegel
- Critical Mass Young Adult Cancer Alliance; Washington District of Columbia
| | | | - Nita Seibel
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute; Bethesda Maryland and Children's Oncology Group
| | - Lori Muffly
- Department of Medicine; Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University; Palo Alto California and SWOG
| | - Wendy Stock
- University of Chicago; Chicago Illinois and The Alliance
| | - Selina Luger
- University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Pennsylvania and ECOG-ACRIN
| | - Bijal Shah
- Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa Florida and SWOG
| | - Daniel J. DeAngelo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute ALL Consortium; Dana Farber Cancer Institute; Boston Massachusetts
| | - David R. Freyer
- University of Southern California, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center; Los Angeles California and Children's Oncology Group
| | - Dan Douer
- Department of Medicine; University of Southern California; Los Angeles California and ECOG-ACRIN
| | - Rebecca H. Johnson
- Mary Bridge Children's Hospital and Health Center, National Clinical Oncology Research Program and Tacoma General Hospital; Tacoma Washington and SWOG, Children's Oncology Group
| | | | - Mark Lewis
- Department of Hematology/Oncology; Intermountain Healthcare; Salt Lake City Utah and SWOG
| | - Jerry J. Jaboin
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Oregon Health and Science University; Portland Oregon and NRG Oncology Group
| | - Peter F. Coccia
- Department of Pediatrics; University of Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha Nebraska and Children's Oncology Group
| | - Archie Bleyer
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Oregon Health and Science University; Portland Oregon and Children's Oncology Group
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Portugal RD, Loureiro MM, Garnica M, Pulcheri W, Nucci M. Feasibility and Outcome of the Hyper-CVAD Regimen in Patients With Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2015; 15:52-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
9
|
Luskin MR, Roy DB, Wasik MA, Loren AW. Development of lymphomas containing Epstein-Barr virus after therapy with hyper-CVAD regimen. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2013; 14:e55-8. [PMID: 24393621 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2013.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlise R Luskin
- Abramson Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA.
| | - Darshan B Roy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mariusz A Wasik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alison W Loren
- Abramson Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Landsburg DJ, Stadtmauer E, Loren A, Goldstein S, Frey N, Nasta SD, Porter DL, Tsai DE, Perl AE, Hexner EO, Luger S. Receipt of maintenance therapy is most predictive of survival in older acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with intensive induction chemotherapy regimens. Am J Hematol 2013; 88:657-60. [PMID: 23640768 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
While the prognosis for older adults diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is frequently poor, long-term survival can be achieved in patients treated with curative intent. We reviewed the outcomes of 37 patients age ≥60 treated at our institution with either DVP- or hyperCVAD-based chemotherapy regimens from 2003-2011. In this patient population, a complete response rate of 92%, relapse rate of 56% and median overall survival of 18.1 months was experienced. Univariate analysis revealed that receipt of maintenance therapy vs. no maintenance therapy was associated with a statistically-significant impact on overall survival (p = 0.001, HR 0.15 for death), while disease-related characteristics including high-risk white blood cell count at diagnosis and Philadelphia chromosome status as well as treatment-related factors including chemotherapy regimen or completion of intensive therapy were not. Many patients were unable to initiate or remain on maintenance therapy due to toxicities including infections and cytopenias. Our analysis reveals the benefit of prolonged therapy in the treatment of older adults with ALL as well as the high incidence of treatment-related toxicity experienced by these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Landsburg
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Abramson Cancer Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elizabeth O. Hexner
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Abramson Cancer Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; Pennsylvania
| | - Selina Luger
- Division of Hematology/Oncology; Abramson Cancer Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia; Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Buyukasik Y, Acar K, Kelkitli E, Uz B, Serefhanoglu S, Ozdemir E, Pamukcuoglu M, Atay H, Bektas O, Sucak GT, Turgut M, Aksu S, Yagci M, Sayınalp N, Ozcebe OI, Goker H, Haznedaroglu IC. Hyper-CVAD regimen in routine management of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a retrospective multicenter study. Acta Haematol 2013; 130:199-205. [PMID: 23797290 DOI: 10.1159/000351172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia is unsatisfactory in adults due to disease and patient-related factors and probably because adult chemotherapy regimens are weaker than pediatric protocols. Worries about inadequacy of adult regimens urged many hematologists, including us, to reconsider their routine treatment practices. In this retrospective multicenter study, we aimed to evaluate results of hyper-CVAD treatment in comparison to other intensive protocols. All patients aged ≤65 years who were commenced on intensive induction chemotherapy between 1999 and 2011 were included in the study. Sixty-eight of 166 patients received hyper-CVAD, 65 were treated with CALGB-8811 regimen and 33 with multiple other protocols. Limited number of patients who were treated with other intensive protocols and mature B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cases who were mostly given hyper-CVAD were eliminated from the statistical analyses. In spite of a favorable complete remission rate (84.2%), overall (26.3 vs. 44.2% at 5 years, p = 0.05) and disease-free (24.9 vs. 48.2%, p = 0.001) survival rates were inferior with hyper-CVAD compared to CALGB-8811 due to higher cumulative nonrelapse mortality risk (29.7 vs. 5.9%, p = 0.003) and no superiority in cumulative relapse incidence comparison (45% for both arms, p = 0.44). Hyper-CVAD, in its original form, was a less favorable regimen in our practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Buyukasik
- Department of Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kuan JW, Chang KM, Lau NS, Visalachy P, Tan SM, Ong TC, Su AT. The Outcome of HyperCVAD Combined with Alemtuzumab for the Treatment of Aggressive T-Cell and NK-Cell Neoplasms. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2012; 27:136-45. [PMID: 22942563 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-011-0077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report our experience in using six cycles of hyperCVAD in combination with alemtuzumab for the treatment of aggressive T-cell and NK/T-cell neoplasms. Seven females and six males with the median age of 41 (range 18-60) diagnosed with T-cell acute lymphoblastic lymphoma and peripheral T-cell and NK/T-cell neoplasms (n(PTCL) = 6, n(T-cell ALL) = 3, n(NK/T-cell neoplasms) = 4) from 2006 to 2008 were treated with alemtuzumab-hyperCVAD regimen. A total of nine patients (69%) responded to the regimen, with seven achieved complete remission and two achieved partial remission. The median progression free survival and overall survival duration among the responders with complete remission were 12.9 and 24.9 months respectively. The incidence of relapse among the responders was 44% and the overall survival rate was 23%. Only four (31%) patients completed the six cycles of alemtuzumab-hyperCVAD. Others were stopped earlier due to progressive disease (n = 2), cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation and/or disease (n = 3), death not due to disease (n = 2), and patient's refusal to continue alemtuzumab (n = 2). The incidence of death not due to disease, CMV reactivation and recurrent CMV reactivation were 50, 50 and 17%, respectively. This study shows that alemtuzumab in combination with hyperCVAD regimen is a feasible regimen but with high toxicity. The toxicity might be reduced with the incorporation of filgrastim and use of valganciclovir as CMV prophylaxis.
Collapse
|
13
|
Herbert KE, Ritchie DS, Seymour JF. Strategies to optimize collection of hematopoietic stem cells in patients with mantle cell lymphoma receiving hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone combined with cytarabine and methotrexate-chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2011; 52:935-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2011.575492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
14
|
Verma D, O'Brien S, Thomas D, Faderl S, Koller C, Pierce S, Kebriaei P, Garcia-Manero G, Cortes J, Kantarjian H, Ravandi F. Therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with the hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone regimens. Cancer 2009; 115:101-6. [PMID: 19090005 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secondary malignancies including myeloid neoplasms occur infrequently in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and to the authors' knowledge have not been as well documented in adults as in children. METHODS A total of 641 patients with de novo ALL who were treated with the hyper-CVAD (hyperfractionated cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone) regimen or its variants were analyzed. RESULTS Sixteen patients (2.49%) developed secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) (6 patients) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) (10 patients). At the time of ALL diagnosis, the median age was 53 years; cytogenetics were normal in 11 patients, pseudo-diploidy with del(2) in 1 patient, t(9;22) in 1 patient, and unavailable in 3 patients. Frontline therapy included hyper-CVAD in 7 patients, hyper-CVAD with rituximab in 8 patients, and hyper-CVAD with imatinib in 1 patient. Karyotype at time of AML/MDS diagnosis was -5, -7 in 9 patients, normal in 1 patient, complex in 1 patient, inv(11) in 1 patient, t(4;11) in 1 patient, del(20) in 1 patient, and unavailable in 2 patients. Secondary AML/MDS developed at a median of 32 months after ALL diagnosis. Cytarabine plus anthracycline-based treatment was given to 12 patients with AML and high-risk MDS. One patient with MDS received arsenic trioxide, 1 received clofarabine, and 2 received decitabine. Response to treatment was complete remission in 3 patients, partial remission in 6 patients, and no response in 6 patients; 1 patient was untreated. Eight patients (1 with AML and 7 with MDS) underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation, and all but 2 died at a median of 3 months (range, 0.5-11 months) after transplantation. The median overall survival after a diagnosis of secondary AML and MDS was 9.25 months (range, 1+ to 26+ months). CONCLUSIONS Secondary AML and MDS occur infrequently in adult patients with de novo ALL treated with the hyper-CVAD regimens, and response to therapy is poor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dushyant Verma
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|