Ramalingam TR, Muralikrishnan S, Easow J, Vaidhyanathan L. Biclonal Low-Grade B Cell Lymphoma as Detected by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry in Blood and Marrow.
Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2023;
39:691-698. [PMID:
37786829 PMCID:
PMC10542050 DOI:
10.1007/s12288-022-01625-y]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Biclonal B cell lymphomas (BCL) of two different low-grade components are rare. Multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) is an integral tool in lymphoma diagnosis and very efficient in picking up BCL cases, especially when the associated second component is small. We studied the incidence of BCL in the routine blood and marrow samples sent for immunophenotyping by MFC. A total of 376 cases were analyzed retrospectively. We studied their clinical, immunophenotypic, molecular, and cytogenetic findings with literature review. We found five cases of BCL with two different clonal low-grade B cell components at an incidence of 1.3%. All cases were males with a median age of 68 years. The chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) clone was present in all 5 cases. The other associated component in cases 1 to 5 were lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, splenic marginal zone lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, and monoclonal B cell population of non-CLL type respectively. Diagnosing BCL may be challenging and may also go undiagnosed when the second component is petite and overshadowed by the more significant component. It may be critical if the small, unnoticed lymphoma component is of a more aggressive type.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-022-01625-y.
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