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Agbana P, Park JE, Rychahou P, Kim KB, Bae Y. Carfilzomib-Loaded Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles Stabilized by Polycationic Complexation. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:711-717. [PMID: 37673172 PMCID: PMC10979393 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor showing great efficacy in multiple myeloma treatment, yet its clinical applications for other diseases such as solid cancers are limited due to low aqueous solubility and poor biostability. Ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (tPNPs) are drug carriers that we previously reported to overcome these pharmaceutical limitations by entrapping CFZ in the core of the nanoparticles and protecting the drugs from degradation in biological media. However, preclinical studies revealed that tPNPs would require further improvement in particle stability to suppress initial burst drug release and thus achieve prolonged inhibition of proteasome activity with CFZ against tumor cells in vivo. In this study, CFZ-loaded tPNPs are stabilized by polycations which have varying pKa values and thus differently modulate nanoparticle stability in response to solution pH. Through polyion complexation, the polycations appeared to stabilize the core of tPNPs entrapping CFZ-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes while allowing for uniform particle size before and after freeze drying. Interestingly, CFZ-loaded tPNPs (CFZ/tPNPs) showed pH-dependent drug release kinetics, which accelerated CFZ release as solution acidity increased (pH < 6) without compromising particle stability at the physiological condition (pH 7.4). In vitro cytotoxicity and proteasome activity assays confirmed that tPNPs stabilized with cationic polymers improved bioactivity of CFZ against CFZ-resistant cancer cells, which would be greatly beneficial in combination with pH-dependent drug release for treatment of solid cancers with drug resistance and tumor microenvironment acidosis by using CFZ and other proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preye Agbana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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2
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Chen L, Shi H, Zhang W, Zhu Y, Chen H, Wu Z, Qi H, Liu J, Zhong M, Shi X, Wang T, Li Q. Carfilzomib suppressed LDHA-mediated metabolic reprogramming by targeting ATF3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 219:115939. [PMID: 38000560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor, has been approved as a treatment for relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism by which Carfilzomib inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) progression largely remains to be determined. In the present study, we found that Carfilzomib demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, carfilzomib triggers mitochondrial apoptosis and reprograms cellular metabolism in ESCC cells. Moreover, it has been identified that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) plays a crucial cellular target role in ESCC cells treated with Carfilzomib. Overexpression of ATF3 effectively antagonized the effects of carfilzomib on ESCC cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming. Furthermore, the ATF3 protein is specifically bound to lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) to effectively suppress LDHA-mediated metabolic reprogramming in response to carfilzomib treatment. Research conducted in xenograft models demonstrates that ATF3 mediates the anti-tumor activity of Carfilzomib. The examination of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma indicated that ATF3 and LDHA have the potential to function as innovative targets for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of ESCC. Our findings demonstrate the novel function of Carfilzomib in modulating ESCC metabolism and progression, highlighting the potential of Carfilzomib as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - WenXin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Zhu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimei Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Qi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafeng Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingkang Zhong
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qunyi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Gadalla HH, Lee S, Kim H, Armstrong AT, Fathalla D, Habib F, Jeong H, Lee W, Yeo Y. Size optimization of carfilzomib nanocrystals for systemic delivery to solid tumors. J Control Release 2022; 352:637-651. [PMID: 36349616 PMCID: PMC9737058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor effective in blood cancer therapy. However, CFZ has shown limited efficacy in solid tumor therapy due to the short half-life and poor tumor distribution. Albumin-coated nanocrystal (NC) formulation was shown to improve the circulation stability of CFZ, but its antitumor efficacy remained suboptimal. We hypothesize that NC size reduction is critical to the formulation safety and efficacy as the small size would decrease the distribution in the reticuloendothelial system (RES) and selectively increase the uptake by tumor cells. We controlled the size of CFZ-NCs by varying the production parameters in the crystallization-in-medium method and compared the size-reduced CFZ-NCs (z-average of 168 nm, NC168) with a larger counterpart (z-average of 325 nm, NC325) as well as the commercial CFZ formulation (CFZ-CD). Both CFZ-NCs showed similar or higher cytotoxicity than CFZ-CD against breast cancer cells. NC168 showed greater uptake by cancer cells, less uptake by macrophages and lower immune cell toxicity than NC325 or CFZ-CD. NC168, but not NC325, showed a similar safety profile to CFZ-CD in vivo. The biodistribution and antitumor efficacy of CFZ-NCs in mice were also size-dependent. NC168 showed greater antitumor efficacy and tumor accumulation but lower RES accumulation than NC325 in 4T1 breast cancer model. These results support that NC formulation with an optimal particle size can improve the therapeutic efficacy of CFZ in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hytham H. Gadalla
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Seongsoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 61 Daehak-ro, Gumi, Gyeongbuk 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Abigail T. Armstrong
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Dina Fathalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Fawzia Habib
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors: Wooin Lee, Ph.D., Phone: 82.2.880.7873, Fax: 82.2.888.0649, , Yoon Yeo, Ph.D., Phone: 1.765.496.9608, Fax: 1.765.494.6545,
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 West Stadium Avenue, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,Corresponding authors: Wooin Lee, Ph.D., Phone: 82.2.880.7873, Fax: 82.2.888.0649, , Yoon Yeo, Ph.D., Phone: 1.765.496.9608, Fax: 1.765.494.6545,
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4
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Yang X, Liu A, Yang L, Wen T, Wang J, Shi J, Zhou H, Chen Z, Lei M, Zhu Y. Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution and in vitro Metabolism of FHND6091, a Novel Oral Proteasome Inhibitor. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:3087-3107. [PMID: 36124108 PMCID: PMC9482464 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s371020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Amin Liu
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Wen
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Wang
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingmiao Shi
- Jiangsu Chia Tai Fenghai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhimeng Chen
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Lei
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Meng Lei; Yongqiang Zhu, Tel +86 25 85427621; +86 25 85891591, Email ;
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Cheng WT, Ho HO, Lin SY, Liu DZ, Chen LC, Sheu MT. Carfilzomib and Paclitaxel Co-Loaded Protein Nanoparticles an Effective Therapy Against Pancreatic Adenocarcinomas. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6825-6841. [PMID: 34675510 PMCID: PMC8502542 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s331210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Therapeutic efficacy of pancreatic adenocarcinomas (PACs) with combined therapy of carfilzomib (CFZ) and paclitaxel (PTX) co-loaded in human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles (NPs) was examined. Methods CFZ and PTX were encapsulated individually or combined into HSA NPs by a simple reverse self-assembly method developed to achieve an optimal combination ratio for synergistic therapy. CFZ or/and PTX loaded HSA nanoparticles were physically characterized and the evaluation of combination index, drug release, pharmacokinetic, anti-tumor, and biodistribution studies were conducted. Results All resultant drug-loaded HSA NPs were spherical with a particle size of <150 nm and a zeta potential of −21.1~−23.0 mV. Drug loading rates and entrapment efficiencies were 9.1%~10.1% and 90.7%~97.1%, respectively. CFZ and PTX demonstrated synergistic effects in an MIA PaCa-2 cytotoxicity at a 1:2 ratio (CI50 were 0.01~0.25). In vitro dissolution revealed that the CFZ/PTX ratio released from the co-loaded HSA NPs (CFZ/PTX/HSA NPs) was about 1.77~2.08, which conformed to the designated loaded ratio. In vivo evaluation showed that the combined therapy of CFZ and PTX at a 1:2 ratio co-loaded in HSA NPs (CFZ/PTX/HSA NPs) demonstrated optimal synergistic improvement of the growth inhibition of MIA PaCa-2 cells with less systematic toxicity, even though the pharmacokinetic profiles observed did not show obvious beneficial and their biodistributions in tumors were found to be smaller. Conclusion The one-pot reverse assembly method developed was environmentally friendly and capable of co-loading an optimal combination ratio of two chemodrugs into HSA NPs for synergistic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsiu-O Ho
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shyr-Yi Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of General Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Der-Zen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ling-Chun Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Thau Sheu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Krishnan M, Bociek RG, Fanale M, Iyer SP, Lechowicz MJ, Bierman PJ, Armitage JO, Lunning M, Kallam A, Vose JM. Phase 1 trial of carfilzomib in relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Ann Hematol 2021; 101:335-340. [PMID: 34668982 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-021-04692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a unique subset of lymphomas with a poor prognosis due to limited treatment options. We performed a phase 1 study of carfilzomib in patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL to determine the safety profile and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of this agent. The study was a classical 3 + 3 phase 1 design with intra-patient dose escalation allowed beginning on day 8 of cycle 1 and subsequently. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as the occurrence of any grade 3/4 adverse event. Carfilzomib was given on days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16 of a 28-day cycle. Fifteen patients were enrolled from 3 centers. The median age of patients was 62. The median number of prior therapies for subjects on this trial was five. The MTD of carfilzomib was 36 mg/m2. Dose-limiting toxicities included anemia and sepsis. Serious adverse events were seen in 45% of patients. Single-agent carfilzomib leads to a complete response in one patient and a partial response in one patient. Overall, the drug was reasonably tolerated for a heavily pretreated population, but the limited response rate and short duration of response demonstrate a lack of promise for carfilzomib as a single agent in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Krishnan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - R Gregory Bociek
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michelle Fanale
- Department of Lymphoma/Multiple Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Swaminathan P Iyer
- Department of Lymphoma/Multiple Myeloma, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Philip J Bierman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - James O Armitage
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew Lunning
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Avyakta Kallam
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Julie M Vose
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Jackson S, Agbana P, Kim KB, Bae Y. Effects of Organic Acids on Drug Release From Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles Entrapping Carfilzomib. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1172-1177. [PMID: 34551351 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is an FDA-approved proteasome inhibitor with antineoplastic properties against various cancers, yet its short blood retention time after intravenous injection (< 30 min) makes clinical applications limited to multiple myeloma. We previously developed ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (tPNPs) as a new nanoparticle formulation of CFZ to overcome these limitations. The formulation was prepared by polyion complexation between poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(L-glutamate) block copolymers (PEG-PLE) and CFZ-cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexes, where CDs were positively charged with 7 primary amines attached while PEG-PLE carried 100 carboxyl groups per polymer chain. Although tPNPs greatly improved biostability of CFZ, CFZ-loaded tPNPs (CFZ-tPNPs) still showed burst drug release and mediocre drug retention under physiological conditions. To address these issues, organic acids are tested as stabilizers in this study to improve particle stability and drug retention for tPNPs. Charge densities in the core of CFZ-tPNPs were optimized with selected organic acids such as citric acid (CA) and lactic acid (LA) at varying mixing ratios. Organic acids successfully maintained small particle size suitable for intravenous injection and drug delivery (diameters < 60 nm), improved CFZ solubility (> 1 mg/mL), allowed for lyophilization and easy reconstitution in various buffers, enhanced drug retention (> 60% post 24 h incubation), and suppressed burst drug release in the first 6 h following solubilization. These results demonstrate that organic acid stabilized tPNPs are useful as an injection formulation of CFZ, which may expand the utility of the proteasome inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharonda Jackson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Preye Agbana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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Wu J, Liu J. Research progress in proteasome inhibitor resistance to multiple myeloma. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 46:900-908. [PMID: 34565737 PMCID: PMC10929973 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.200430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a highly heterogeneous malignant plasma cell disease. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) are the first line of medicine for MM. Bortezomib, ixazomib, and carfilzomib are also widely used for MM. Marizomib, oprozomib, and KZR-616 are in clinical trials. However, the drug resistance of PIs in MM is still a problem. The mechanisms for PIs resistance to MM include ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, autophagy lysosome pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, cell survival signal pathway, exosome-mediated resistance, and bone marrow microenvironment-mediated resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Wu
- Department of Hematology, Loudi Gereral Hospital, Loudi Hunan 417000.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Hematology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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Lv P, Man S, Xie L, Ma L, Gao W. Pathogenesis and therapeutic strategy in platinum resistance lung cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188577. [PMID: 34098035 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Platinum compounds (cisplatin and carboplatin) represent the most active anticancer agents in clinical use both of lung cancer in mono-and combination therapies. However, platinum resistance limits its clinical application. It is necessary to understand the molecular mechanism of platinum resistance, identify predictive markers, and develop newer, more effective and less toxic agents to treat platinum resistance in lung cancer. Here, it summarizes the main molecular mechanisms associated with platinum resistance in lung cancer and the development of new approaches to tackle this clinically relevant problem. Moreover, it could lead to the development of more effective treatment for refractory lung cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Lu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Thakur S, Ruan Y, Jayanthan A, Boklan J, Narendran A. Cytotoxicity and Target Modulation in Pediatric Solid Tumors by the Proteasome Inhibitor Carfilzomib. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 21:804-811. [PMID: 33949932 DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210504085527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most children with recurrent metastatic solid tumors have high mortality rates. Recent studies have shown that proteasome inhibition leads to effective tumor killing in cells that have acquired treatment resistance and metastatic properties. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to test the potential of Carfilzomib (CFZ), a proteasome inhibitor, in refractory pediatric solid tumors, which is currently unknown. METHODS A panel of pediatric solid tumor cell lines, including neuroblastoma, Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT), was used to evaluate the cytotoxic and proteasomal inhibitory effects of CFZ. A drug scheduling experiment was performed to determine the optimal dose and time to obtain effective cell killing. Combination studies of CFZ with chemotherapeutic drugs of different classes were performed to determine the extent of synergy. RESULTS CFZ showed effective cytotoxicity against all cell lines tested (mean IC50 = 7nM, range = 1-20nM) and activity in a fluorophore-tagged cell-based proteasome assay. Drug scheduling experiments showed that the minimum exposure of 4-8 hours/day is needed for effective cumulative killing. CFZ, when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs of different classes, synergistically enhanced the extent of cell death. CONCLUSIONS CFZ showed cytotoxic activity against all the solid pediatric cancer cell lines tested. This study provides initial in vitro data on the potential of CFZ to treat pediatric solid tumors and supports further investigations into the components of drug scheduling, biological correlates, and drug combinations for future early phase clinical trials in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satbir Thakur
- Laboratory for Pre-Clinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada and Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yibing Ruan
- Laboratory for Pre-Clinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada and Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aarthi Jayanthan
- Laboratory for Pre-Clinical and Drug Discovery Studies, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada and Division of Pediatric Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica Boklan
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona. United States
| | - Aru Narendran
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplant Alberta Children's Hospital 2888 Shaganappi Tr. NW Calgary AB T3B 6A8, Canada
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Latif A, Kapoor V, Lateef N, Ahsan MJ, Usman RM, Malik SU, Ahmad N, Rosko N, Rudoni J, William P, Khouri J, Anwer F. Incidence and Management of Carfilzomib-induced Cardiovascular Toxicity; A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:30-45. [PMID: 33845729 DOI: 10.2174/1871529x21666210412113017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ASPIRE and ENDEAVOUR trials have shown cardiovascular adverse effects in patients treated with carfilzomib-based regimens. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis of published clinical trials to identify the cumulative incidence and risk of cardiovascular adverse effects due to carfilzomib. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library was performed, and we identified 45 prospective trials of carfilzomib with data on 5583 patients. Among all patients being treated with carfilzomib (N=5,583), 8.9% sustained all grade cardiotoxicity, while 4.4% sustained high-grade cardiotoxicity. All-grade hypertension was present in 13.2%, while the incidence of high-grade hypertension was 5.3%. RESULT The observed incidences of all-grade heart failure, edema, and ischemia were 5.1%, 20.7%, and 4.6% respectively. Likewise, for high-grade heart failure and edema observed incidence was 3.2%, and 2.7% respectively. There was no difference in the event rate of all and high-grade cardiotoxicity between newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and relapsed/refractory (p-value 0.42 and 0.86 respectively). Likewise, we did not observe any difference in the event rate of all and high-grade cardiotoxicity when carfilzomib was used as a single agent versus when used in combination therapy with other agents (p-value 0.43 and 0.73 respectively). CONCLUSION Carfilzomib is associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular toxicity and hypertension. With the increasing utilization of carfilzomib, it is critical for primary care physicians, oncologists and cardiologists to be aware of the risk of cardiotoxicity associated with the use of carfilzomib to recognize and treat baseline cardiovascular risk factors in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azka Latif
- CHI Health Creighton University, Omaha, NE. United States
| | - Vikas Kapoor
- CHI Health Creighton University, Omaha, NE. United States
| | - Noman Lateef
- CHI Health Creighton University, Omaha, NE. United States
| | | | - Rana Mohammad Usman
- Internal Medicine Residency Program, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN. United States
| | - Saad Ullah Malik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics at the Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health., University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ. United States
| | - Naqib Ahmad
- Taussig Cancer Center Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH . United States
| | - Nathaniel Rosko
- Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. United States
| | - Joslyn Rudoni
- Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. United States
| | - Preethi William
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ . United States
| | - Jack Khouri
- Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Myeloma program, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. United States
| | - Faiz Anwer
- Hematology, Oncology, Stem Cell Transplantation, Myeloma program, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH. United States
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12
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Agbana P, Lee MJ, Rychahou P, Kim KB, Bae Y. Ternary Polypeptide Nanoparticles with Improved Encapsulation, Sustained Release, and Enhanced In Vitro Efficacy of Carfilzomib. Pharm Res 2020; 37:213. [PMID: 33025286 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02922-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new nanoparticle formulation for a proteasome inhibitor Carfilzomib (CFZ) to improve its stability and efficacy for future in vivo applications. METHODS CFZ-loaded ternary polypeptide nanoparticles (CFZ/tPNPs) were prepared by using heptakis(6-amino-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin(hepta-hydrochloride) (HaβCD) and azido-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(L-glutamic acid sodium salt) (N3-PEG-PLE). The process involved ternary (hydrophobic/ionic/supramolecular) interactions in three steps: 1) CFZ was entrapped in the cavity of HaβCD by hydrophobic interaction, 2) the drug-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes were mixed with N3-PEG-PLE to form polyion complex nanoparticles, and 3) the nanoparticles were modified with fluorescent dyes (AFDye 647) for imaging and/or epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibodies for cancer cell targeting. CFZ/tPNPs were characterized for particle size, surface charge, drug release, stability, intracellular uptake, proteasome inhibition, and in vitro cytotoxicity. RESULTS tPNPs maintained an average particle size of 50 nm after CFZ entrapment, EpCAM conjugation, and freeze drying. tPNPs achieved high aqueous solubility of CFZ (>1 mg/mL), sustained drug release (t1/2 = 6.46 h), and EpCAM-mediated cell targeting, which resulted in increased intracellular drug accumulation, prolonged proteasome inhibition, and enhanced cytotoxicity of CFZ in drug-resistant DLD-1 colorectal cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS tPNPs improved stability and efficacy of CFZ in vitro, and these results potentiate effective cancer treatment using CFZ/tPNPs in future vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preye Agbana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Min Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Piotr Rychahou
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536, USA
| | - Kyung-Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0596, USA
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone, Lexington, Kentucky, 40536-0596, USA.
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13
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Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Santoro AM, Coletta A, Oddone F, Grasso G, Milardi D, Lacal PM, Marini S, Purrello R, Graziani G, Coletta M. The proteasome as a druggable target with multiple therapeutic potentialities: Cutting and non-cutting edges. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 213:107579. [PMID: 32442437 PMCID: PMC7236745 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin Proteasome System (UPS) is an adaptable and finely tuned system that sustains proteostasis network under a large variety of physiopathological conditions. Its dysregulation is often associated with the onset and progression of human diseases; hence, UPS modulation has emerged as a promising new avenue for the development of treatments of several relevant pathologies, such as cancer and neurodegeneration. The clinical interest in proteasome inhibition has considerably increased after the FDA approval in 2003 of bortezomib for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, which is now used in the front-line setting. Thereafter, two other proteasome inhibitors (carfilzomib and ixazomib), designed to overcome resistance to bortezomib, have been approved for treatment-experienced patients, and a variety of novel inhibitors are currently under preclinical and clinical investigation not only for haematological malignancies but also for solid tumours. However, since UPS collapse leads to toxic misfolded proteins accumulation, proteasome is attracting even more interest as a target for the care of neurodegenerative diseases, which are sustained by UPS impairment. Thus, conceptually, proteasome activation represents an innovative and largely unexplored target for drug development. According to a multidisciplinary approach, spanning from chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology to pharmacology, this review will summarize the most recent available literature regarding different aspects of proteasome biology, focusing on structure, function and regulation of proteasome in physiological and pathological processes, mostly cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, connecting biochemical features and clinical studies of proteasome targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - A M Santoro
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - A Coletta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - F Oddone
- IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Rome, Italy
| | - G Grasso
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - D Milardi
- CNR, Institute of Crystallography, Catania, Italy
| | - P M Lacal
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S Marini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Purrello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - G Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
| | - M Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Varela-Moreira A, van Straten D, van Leur HF, Ruiter RW, Deshantri AK, Hennink WE, Fens MH, Groen RW, Schiffelers RM. Polymeric micelles loaded with carfilzomib increase tolerability in a humanized bone marrow-like scaffold mouse model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS-X 2020; 2:100049. [PMID: 32490374 PMCID: PMC7262453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2020.100049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib-loaded polymeric micelles (CFZ-PM) based on poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(N-2-benzoyloxypropyl methacrylamide) (mPEG-b-p(HPMA-Bz)) were prepared with the aim to improve the maximum tolerated dose of carfilzomib in a “humanized” bone marrow-like scaffold model. For this, CFZ-PM were prepared and characterized for their size, carfilzomib loading and cytotoxicity towards multiple myeloma cells. Further, circulation and tumor & tissue distribution of fluorescently labeled micelles were determined. Tolerability of CFZ-PM versus the clinical approved formulation – Kyprolis® – was assessed. CFZ-PM presented small diameter below 55 nm and low PDI < 0.1. Cy7-labeled micelles circulated for extended periods of time with over 80% of injected dose in circulation at 24 h after intravenous injection and 1.3% of the injected dose of Cy7-labeled micelles accumulated in myeloma tumor-bearing scaffolds. Importantly, CFZ-PM were well tolerated whereas Kyprolis® showed adverse effects. Kyprolis® dosed at the maximum tolerated dose, as well as CFZ-PM, did not show therapeutic benefit, while multiple myeloma cells showed sensitivity in vitro, underlining the importance of the bone marrow crosstalk in testing novel formulations. Overall, this work indicates that PM are potential drug carriers of carfilzomib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Varela-Moreira
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology (LKCH), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Demian van Straten
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology (LKCH), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Heleen F. van Leur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruud W.J. Ruiter
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1182, DB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anil K. Deshantri
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology (LKCH), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd., Vadodara, India
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel H.A.M. Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Richard W.J. Groen
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1118, 1182, DB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Raymond M. Schiffelers
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology (LKCH), University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology (LKCH), Room G 03.647, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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15
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Zhang C, Wang X, Cheng R, Zhong Z. A6 Peptide-Tagged Core-Disulfide-Cross-Linked Micelles for Targeted Delivery of Proteasome Inhibitor Carfilzomib to Multiple Myeloma In Vivo. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:2049-2059. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ru Cheng
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Oduah EI, Grossman SR. Harnessing the vulnerabilities of p53 mutants in lung cancer - Focusing on the proteasome: a new trick for an old foe? Cancer Biol Ther 2020; 21:293-302. [PMID: 32041464 PMCID: PMC7515531 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1702403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function (GOF) p53 mutations occur commonly in human cancer and lead to both loss of p53 tumor suppressor function and acquisition of aggressive cancer phenotypes. The oncogenicity of GOF mutant p53 is highly related to its abnormal protein stability relative to wild type p53, and overall stoichiometric excess. We provide an overview of the mechanisms of dysfunction and abnormal stability of GOF p53 specifically in lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, where, depending on histologic subtype, 33-90% of tumors exhibit GOF p53 mutations. As a distinguishing feature and oncogenic mechanism in lung and many other cancers, GOF p53 represents an appealing and cancer-specific therapeutic target. We review preclinical evidence demonstrating paradoxical depletion of GOF p53 by proteasome inhibitors, as well as preclinical and clinical studies of proteasome inhibition in lung cancer. Finally, we provide a rationale for a reexamination of proteasome inhibition in lung cancer, focusing on tumors expressing GOF p53 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eziafa I. Oduah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Steven R. Grossman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
- VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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17
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Evaluating the immunoproteasome as a potential therapeutic target in cisplatin-resistant small cell and non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:843-853. [PMID: 32232513 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the expression of proteasome subunits to assess whether the proteasome could be a therapeutic target in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer cells. METHODS Cisplatin-resistant (CR) variants were established from three non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549, H1299, and H1975) and two small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines (SBC3 and SBC5). The expression of proteasome subunits, the sensitivity to immunoproteasome inhibitors, and 20S proteasomal proteolytic activity were examined in the CR variants of the lung cancer cell lines. RESULTS All five CR cell lines highly expressed one or both of the immunoproteasome subunit genes, PSMB8 and PSMB9, while no clear trend was observed in the expression of constitutive proteasome subunits. The CR cells expressed significantly higher levels of PSMB8 and PSMB9 proteins, as well. The CR variants of the H1299 and SBC3 cell lines were more sensitive to immunoproteasome inhibitors, and had significantly more proteasomal proteolytic activity than their parental counterparts. CONCLUSIONS The immunoproteasome may be an effective therapeutic target in a subset of CR lung cancers. Proteasomal proteolytic activity may be a predictive marker for the efficacy of immunoproteasome inhibitors in cisplatin-resistant SCLC and NSCLC.
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18
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Weydert Z, Lal-Nag M, Mathews-Greiner L, Thiel C, Cordes H, Küpfer L, Guye P, Kelm JM, Ferrer M. A 3D Heterotypic Multicellular Tumor Spheroid Assay Platform to Discriminate Drug Effects on Stroma versus Cancer Cells. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2020; 25:265-276. [PMID: 31658853 PMCID: PMC11271247 DOI: 10.1177/2472555219880194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models are thought to mimic the physiological and pharmacological properties of tissues in vivo more accurately than two-dimensional cultures on plastic dishes. For the development of cancer therapies, 3D spheroid models are being created to reflect the complex histology and physiology of primary tumors with the hopes that drug responses will be more similar to and as predictive as those obtained in vivo. The effect of additional cell types in tumors, such as stromal cells, and the resulting heterotypic cell-cell crosstalk can be investigated in these heterotypic 3D cell cultures. Here, a high-throughput screening-compatible drug testing platform based on 3D multicellular spheroid models is described that enables the parallel assessment of toxicity on stromal cells and efficacy on cancer cells by drug candidates. These heterotypic microtissue tumor models incorporate NIH3T3 fibroblasts as stromal cells that are engineered with a reporter gene encoding secreted NanoLUC luciferase. By tracking the NanoLUC signal in the media over time, a time-related measurement of the cytotoxic effects of drugs on stromal cells over the cancer cells was possible, thus enabling the identification of a therapeutic window. An in vitro therapeutic index parameter is proposed to help distinguish and classify those compounds with broad cytotoxic effects versus those that are more selective at targeting cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Christoph Thiel
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Henrik Cordes
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lars Küpfer
- Institute of Applied Microbiology (iAMB), Aachen Biology and Biotechnology (ABBt), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Jens M Kelm
- InSphero AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
- PreComb Therapeutics AG, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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19
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Proteasome Inhibitors: Harnessing Proteostasis to Combat Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030671. [PMID: 32033280 PMCID: PMC7037493 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is the central component of the main cellular protein degradation pathway. During the past four decades, the critical function of the proteasome in numerous physiological processes has been revealed, and proteasome activity has been linked to various human diseases. The proteasome prevents the accumulation of misfolded proteins, controls the cell cycle, and regulates the immune response, to name a few important roles for this macromolecular "machine." As a therapeutic target, proteasome inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. However, inability to sufficiently inhibit proteasome activity at tolerated doses has hampered efforts to expand the scope of proteasome inhibitor-based therapies. With emerging new modalities in myeloma, it might seem challenging to develop additional proteasome-based therapies. However, the constant development of new applications for proteasome inhibitors and deeper insights into the intricacies of protein homeostasis suggest that proteasome inhibitors might have novel therapeutic applications. Herein, we summarize the latest advances in proteasome inhibitor development and discuss the future of proteasome inhibitors and other proteasome-based therapies in combating human diseases.
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20
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Jun Y, Xu J, Kim H, Park JE, Jeong YS, Min JS, Yoon N, Choi JY, Yoo J, Bae SK, Chung SJ, Yeo Y, Lee W. Carfilzomib Delivery by Quinic Acid-Conjugated Nanoparticles: Discrepancy Between Tumoral Drug Accumulation and Anticancer Efficacy in a Murine 4T1 Orthotopic Breast Cancer Model. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:1615-1622. [PMID: 31945310 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite being a major breakthrough in multiple myeloma therapy, carfilzomib (CFZ, a second-generation proteasome inhibitor drug) has been largely ineffective against solid cancer, possibly due to its pharmacokinetic drawbacks including metabolic instability. Recently, quinic acid (QA, a low-affinity ligand of selectins upregulated in peritumoral vasculature) was successfully utilized as a surface modifier for nanoparticles containing paclitaxel. Here, we designed QA-conjugated nanoparticles containing CFZ (CFZ@QANP; the surface of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles modified by conjugation with a QA derivative). Compared to the clinically used cyclodextrin-based formulation (CFZ-CD), CFZ@QANP enhanced the metabolic stability and in vivo exposure of CFZ in mice. CFZ@QANP, however, showed little improvement in suppressing tumor growth over CFZ-CD against the murine 4T1 orthotopic breast cancer model. CFZ@QANP yielded no enhancement in proteasomal inhibition in excised tumors despite having a higher level of remaining CFZ than CFZ-CD. These results likely arise from delayed, incomplete CFZ release from CFZ@QANP as observed using biorelevant media in vitro. These results suggest that the applicability of QANP may not be predicted by physicochemical parameters commonly used for formulation design. Our current results highlight the importance of considering drug release kinetics in designing effective CFZ formulations for solid cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yearin Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Seong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jee Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Naeun Yoon
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisu Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Suk-Jae Chung
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Lessons Learned from Proteasome Inhibitors, the Paradigm for Targeting Protein Homeostasis in Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1243:147-162. [PMID: 32297217 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-40204-4_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Targeting aberrant protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in cancer is an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, this approach has thus far proven difficult to bring to clinical practice, with one major exception: proteasome inhibition. These small molecules have dramatically transformed outcomes for patients with the blood cancer multiple myeloma. However, these agents have failed to make an impact in more common solid tumors. Major questions remain about whether this therapeutic strategy can be extended to benefit even more patients. Here we discuss the role of the proteasome in normal and tumor cells, the basic, preclinical, and clinical development of proteasome inhibitors, and mechanisms proposed to govern both intrinsic and acquired resistance to these drugs. Years of study of both the mechanism of action and modes of resistance to proteasome inhibitors reveal these processes to be surprisingly complex. Here, we attempt to draw lessons from experience with proteasome inhibitors that may be relevant for other compounds targeting proteostasis in cancer, as well as extending the reach of proteasome inhibitors beyond blood cancers.
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22
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Lee AR, Seo MJ, Kim J, Lee DM, Kim IY, Yoon MJ, Hoon H, Choi KS. Lercanidipine Synergistically Enhances Bortezomib Cytotoxicity in Cancer Cells via Enhanced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitochondrial Ca 2+ Overload. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246112. [PMID: 31817163 PMCID: PMC6941136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome inhibitor (PI), bortezomib (Btz), is effective in treating multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma, but not solid tumors. In this study, we show for the first time that lercanidipine (Ler), an antihypertensive drug, enhances the cytotoxicity of various PIs, including Btz, carfilzomib, and ixazomib, in many solid tumor cell lines by inducing paraptosis, which is accompanied by severe vacuolation derived from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. We found that Ler potentiates Btz-mediated ER stress and ER dilation, possibly due to misfolded protein accumulation, in MDA-MB 435S cells. In addition, the combination of Btz and Ler triggers mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, critically contributing to mitochondrial dilation and subsequent paraptotic events, including mitochondrial membrane potential loss and ER dilation. Taken together, our results suggest that a combined regimen of PI and Ler may effectively kill cancer cells via structural and functional perturbations of the ER and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reum Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Min Ji Seo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - Dong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
| | - In Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
| | - Mi Jin Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
| | - Hur Hoon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Kyeong Sook Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea; (A.R.L.); (M.J.S.); (J.K.); (D.M.L.); (I.Y.K.); (M.J.Y.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-219-4552, Fax: +82-31-219-5059
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Li D, Wang L, Yagüe E, Dai L, Zhao X, Yang Z, Zhi S, Hu Y. Studies of proteasome inhibition and apoptosis induction in triple‐negative breast cancer cells by novel amino acid–polypyridine–copper complex. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Li
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Luyao Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Cancer Research Center, Division of Cancer, Faculty of MedicineImperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus London W12 0NN UK
| | - Linlin Dai
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Xiumei Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Zibo Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Shuang Zhi
- Tianjin Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Tianjin 300020 China
| | - Yunhui Hu
- Third Department of Breast CancerTianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital Tianjin 300060 China
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24
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Li DD, Yagüe E, Wang LY, Dai LL, Yang ZB, Zhi S, Zhang N, Zhao XM, Hu YH. Novel Copper Complexes That Inhibit the Proteasome and Trigger Apoptosis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:1328-1335. [PMID: 31531205 PMCID: PMC6746097 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Five innovative ternary copper(II) complexes [Cu(OH-PIP)(Phe)Cl](1), [Cu(OH-PIP)(Gly)(H2O)]NO3·2H2O (2), [Cu(OH-PIP)(Ala)(Cl)]·H2O (3), [Cu(OH-PIP)(Met)]PF6·2H2O (4), and [Cu(OH-PIP)(Gln)(H2O)](Cl)·3H2O (5) have been synthesized and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray crystallography indicates that all Cu atoms are five-coordinated in a square-pyramidal configuration. The complexes have been screened for cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and CAL-51. The best anticancer activity is obtained with triple-negative breast cancer CAL-51 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines, with IC50 values in the range of 0.082-0.69 μM. Importantly, the copper compounds were more effective than carboplatin at triggering cell death. Mechanistically, the complexes inhibit proteasomal chymotrypsin-like activity, and docking studies reveal their 20S proteasome binding sites. As a consequence, they cause the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis. In addition, these copper complexes decrease the stemness of triple-negative breast cancer cells and have synergistic effects with CBP on TNBC cells, indicating their great potential as a novel therapy for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Dong Li
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ernesto Yagüe
- Cancer
Research Center, Division of Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W12
0NN, U.K.
| | - Lu-Yao Wang
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Lin-Lin Dai
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zi-Bo Yang
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shuang Zhi
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Zhao
- Tianjin
Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yun-Hui Hu
- The
Third Department of Breast Cancer, Tianjin
Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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25
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Lee MJ, Bhattarai D, Yoo J, Miller Z, Park JE, Lee S, Lee W, Driscoll JJ, Kim KB. Development of Novel Epoxyketone-Based Proteasome Inhibitors as a Strategy To Overcome Cancer Resistance to Carfilzomib and Bortezomib. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4444-4455. [PMID: 30964987 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 15 years, proteasome inhibitors (PIs), namely bortezomib, carfilzomib (Cfz) and ixazomib, have significantly improved the overall survival and quality-of-life for multiple myeloma (MM) patients. However, a significant portion of MM patients do not respond to PI therapies. Drug resistance is present either de novo or acquired after prolonged therapy through mechanisms that remain poorly defined. The lack of a clear understanding of clinical PI resistance has hampered the development of next-generation PI drugs to treat MM patients who no longer respond to currently available therapies. Here, we designed and synthesized novel epoxyketone-based PIs by structural modifications at the P1' site. We show that a Cfz analog, 9, harboring a hydroxyl substituent at its P1' position was highly cytotoxic against cancer cell lines displaying de novo or acquired resistance to Cfz. These results suggest that peptide epoxyketones incorporating P1'-targeting moieties may have the potential to bypass resistance mechanisms associated with Cfz and to provide additional clinical options for patients resistant to Cfz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , United States
| | - Deepak Bhattarai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , United States
| | - Jisu Yoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - Zach Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , United States
| | - Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - Sukyeong Lee
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , Korea
| | - James J Driscoll
- Department of Internal Medicine , Division of Hematology and Oncology and University of Cincinnati Cancer Institute , Cincinnati , Ohio 45267 , United States
| | - Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , United States
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26
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Park JE, Park J, Jun Y, Oh Y, Ryoo G, Jeong YS, Gadalla HH, Min JS, Jo JH, Song MG, Kang KW, Bae SK, Yeo Y, Lee W. Expanding therapeutic utility of carfilzomib for breast cancer therapy by novel albumin-coated nanocrystal formulation. J Control Release 2019; 302:148-159. [PMID: 30954620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is the second-in-class proteasome inhibitor with much improved efficacy and safety profiles over bortezomib in multiple myeloma patients. In expanding the utility of CFZ to solid cancer therapy, the poor aqueous solubility and in vivo instability of CFZ are considered major drawbacks. We investigated whether a nanocrystal (NC) formulation can address these issues and enhance anticancer efficacy of CFZ against breast cancer. The surface of NC was coated with albumin in order to enhance the formulation stability and drug delivery to tumors via interactions with albumin-binding proteins located in and near cancer cells. The novel albumin-coated NC formulation of CFZ (CFZ-alb NC) displayed improved metabolic stability and enhanced cellular interactions, uptake and cytotoxic effects in breast cancer cells in vitro. Consistently, CFZ-alb NC showed greater anticancer efficacy in a murine 4T1 orthotopic breast cancer model than the currently used cyclodextrin-based formulation. Overall, our results demonstrate the potential of CFZ-alb NC as a viable formulation for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Joonyoung Park
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, Heine Pharmacy Bldg, 575 W Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Yearin Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yunseok Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Gongmi Ryoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Seong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Hytham H Gadalla
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, Heine Pharmacy Bldg, 575 W Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jee Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 42083, South Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Jo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Myung Geun Song
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital & Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine & Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 42083, South Korea
| | - Yoon Yeo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, Heine Pharmacy Bldg, 575 W Stadium Ave, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 S Martin Jischke Dr, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
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27
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Loperamide overcomes the resistance of colon cancer cells to bortezomib by inducing CHOP-mediated paraptosis-like cell death. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 162:41-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Park JE, Miller Z, Jun Y, Lee W, Kim KB. Next-generation proteasome inhibitors for cancer therapy. Transl Res 2018; 198:1-16. [PMID: 29654740 PMCID: PMC6151281 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over 2 decades ago, the proteasome was considered a risky or even untenable therapeutic target. Today, proteasome inhibitors are a mainstay in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) and have sales in excess of 3 billion US dollars annually. More importantly, the availability of proteasome inhibitors has greatly improved the survival and quality of life for patients with MM. Despite the remarkable success of proteasome inhibitor therapies to date, the potential for improvement remains, and the development and optimal use of proteasome inhibitors as anticancer agents continues to be an active area of research. In this review, we briefly discuss the features and limitations of the 3 proteasome inhibitor drugs currently used in the clinic and provide an update on current efforts to develop next-generation proteasome inhibitors with the potential to overcome the limitations of existing proteasome inhibitor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Zachary Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yearin Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
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29
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Zhang M, Lu L, Ying M, Ruan H, Wang X, Wang H, Chai Z, Wang S, Zhan C, Pan J, Lu W. Enhanced Glioblastoma Targeting Ability of Carfilzomib Enabled by a DA7R-Modified Lipid Nanodisk. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2437-2447. [PMID: 29734808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The robust proliferation of tumors relies on a rich neovasculature for nutrient supplies. Therefore, a basic strategy of tumor targeting therapy should include not only killing regular cancer cells but also blocking tumor neovasculature. D-peptide DA7R, which was previously reported to specifically bind vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and neuropilin-1 (NRP-1), could achieve the goal of multitarget recognition. Accordingly, the main purposes of this work were to establish a carfilzomib-loaded lipid nanodisk modified with multifunctional peptide DA7R (DA7R-ND/CFZ) and to evaluate its anti-glioblastoma efficacy in vitro and in vivo. It is testified that the DA7R peptide-conjugated lipid nanodisk can be specifically taken up by U87MG cells and HUVECs. Furthermore, DA7R-ND demonstrated a more enhanced penetration than that of the nonmodified formulation on the tumor spheroid model in vitro and more tumor region accumulation in vivo on the subcutaneous and intracranial tumor-bearing nude mice model. DA7R-ND was shown to co-localize with tumor neovasculature in vivo. When loaded with proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, the DA7R-decorated nanodisk could remarkably suppress tumor proliferation, extend survival time of nude mice bearing an intracranial tumor, and inhibit neovasculature formation with an efficacy higher than that of the nonmodified nanodisk in vitro and in vivo. The present study verified that the heptapeptide DA7R-conjugated nanodisk is a promising nanocarrier for glioblastoma targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital , Fudan University, & Institute of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University , Shanghai 200041 , China
| | - Man Ying
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Huitong Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Zhilan Chai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Songli Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Changyou Zhan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , P.R. China
| | - Jun Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, and Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, & State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science , Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China.,Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital and Institute of Fudan-Minghang Academic Health System , Minghang Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai 201199 , China
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30
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Characterization of carfilzomib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer cell lines. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2018; 144:1317-1327. [DOI: 10.1007/s00432-018-2662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Shah C, Bishnoi R, Jain A, Bejjanki H, Xiong S, Wang Y, Zou F, Moreb JS. Cardiotoxicity associated with carfilzomib: systematic review and meta-analysis. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 59:2557-2569. [PMID: 29465266 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1437269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Carfilzomib is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor (PI) that is approved for patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) who failed ≥1 prior lines of therapy. We performed a systematic review of carfilzomib literature with meta-analysis to determine cumulative incidence of cardiotoxicity. After the literature search, we included a total of 29 eligible phase I/II, phase II and phase III clinical trials which used carfilzomib. The cumulative incidence and overall odds ratios (OR) were calculated with random effect model, using 'R' software with metaphor package. A total of 4164 patients with various malignancies were included. The overall estimated cumulative incidence of cardiotoxicity was 8.68% and 4.92%, respectively, for all-grade and high-grade (≥ grade 3) toxicity, which seems higher than other PIs. Compared to control group, the odds of developing cardiotoxicity due to carfilzomib was significantly higher with OR of 2.03 (95% CI: 1.19-3.46, p = .010) and 2.04 (95% CI: 1.31-3.17, p = .002) for all-grades and high grades, respectively. Concomitant immunomodulatory agents seem to increase the risk of cardiotoxicity (high-grade cardiotoxicity 6.45% and 4.34% with and without concomitant immunomodulatory agents, respectively (p = .033)). There was no variation in the incidence of cardiotoxicity among newly diagnosed versus RRMM (p = .38), and high versus standard dose carfilzomib (p = .86).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chintan Shah
- a Division of Hospital Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Rohit Bishnoi
- a Division of Hospital Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Ankur Jain
- b Division of Cardiovascular Diseases , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Harini Bejjanki
- a Division of Hospital Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Sican Xiong
- c Department of Biostatistics , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Yu Wang
- c Department of Biostatistics , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Fei Zou
- c Department of Biostatistics , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
| | - Jan S Moreb
- d Division of Hematology/Oncology , University of Florida , Gainesville , FL , USA
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32
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Abt D, Besse A, Sedlarikova L, Kraus M, Bader J, Silzle T, Vodinska M, Slaby O, Schmid HP, Engeler DS, Driessen C, Besse L. Improving the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma by combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-protease inhibitors lopinavir or nelfinavir. BJU Int 2017; 121:600-609. [PMID: 29161753 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the potential of second-generation proteasome inhibition by carfilzomib and its combination with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease inhibitors (HIV-PIs) lopinavir and nelfinavir in vitro for improved treatment of clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation of proteasome inhibitors, HIV-PIs, and their combination were assessed in three cell lines and primary cells derived from three ccRCC tumours by MTS assay, flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. Proteasome activity was determined by activity based probes. Flow cytometry was used to assess apoptosis by annexin V/propidium iodide assay and ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member 1 (ABCB1) activity by MitoTracker™ Green FM efflux assay (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA). RESULTS Lopinavir and nelfinavir significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of carfilzomib in all cell lines and primary cells. ABCB1 efflux pump inhibition, induction of ROS production, and UPR pre-activation by lopinavir were identified as underlying mechanisms of this strong synergistic effect. Combined treatment led to unresolved protein stress, increased activation of pro-apoptotic UPR pathway, and a significant increase in apoptosis. CONCLUSION The combination of the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib and the HIV-PIs lopinavir and nelfinavir has a strong synergistic cytotoxic activity against ccRCCin vitro at therapeutically relevant drug concentrations. This effect is most likely explained by synergistic UPR triggering and ABCB1-modulation caused by HIV-PIs. Our findings suggest that combined treatment of second-generation proteasome inhibitors and HIV-PIs should be investigated in patients with metastatic RCC within a clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Abt
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Andrej Besse
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lenka Sedlarikova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Babak Myeloma Group, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marianne Kraus
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Bader
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Silzle
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Martina Vodinska
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hans-Peter Schmid
- Department of Urology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Christoph Driessen
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lenka Besse
- Experimental Oncology and Hematology, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Abstract
The efficient production, folding, and secretion of proteins is critical for cancer cell survival. However, cancer cells thrive under stress conditions that damage proteins, so many cancer cells overexpress molecular chaperones that facilitate protein folding and target misfolded proteins for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome or autophagy pathway. Stress response pathway induction is also important for cancer cell survival. Indeed, validated targets for anti-cancer treatments include molecular chaperones, components of the unfolded protein response, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and autophagy. We will focus on links between breast cancer and these processes, as well as the development of drug resistance, relapse, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, A320 Langley Hall, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
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34
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Tethered polymer nanoassemblies for sustained carfilzomib release and prolonged suppression of proteasome activity. Ther Deliv 2017; 7:665-681. [PMID: 27790952 DOI: 10.4155/tde-2016-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Proteasome inhibitors, such as carfilzomib (CFZ), have shown potential to treat various types of cancers in preclinical models, but clinical applications are limited likely due to formulation and delivery issues. Results & methodology: Tethered polymer nanoassemblies (TNAs) were synthesized by tethering hydrophilic polymers and hydrophobic groups to charged polymer scaffolds, and then end-capping remaining amines on scaffold. Drug entrapment and drug release half-lives increased as charge was removed from scaffold. TNAs with sustained CFZ release maintained drug efficacy after preincubation and increased duration of proteasome inhibition in cancer cells compared with free CFZ. CONCLUSION TNAs fine-tuned CFZ release as charge was removed from polymer scaffold, which allowed for sustained proteasome inhibition in cancer cells and potentially enhanced anticancer efficacy.
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Vesole DH, Richter J, Biran N, McBride L, Anand P, Huang M, Kumeli AZ, Klippel Z, Iskander K, Siegel DS. Carfilzomib as salvage therapy in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: a case series. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:259-261. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1321749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David H. Vesole
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Joshua Richter
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Noa Biran
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Laura McBride
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Palka Anand
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - David S. Siegel
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
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Park JE, Chun SE, Reichel D, Min JS, Lee SC, Han S, Ryoo G, Oh Y, Park SH, Ryu HM, Kim KB, Lee HY, Bae SK, Bae Y, Lee W. Polymer micelle formulation for the proteasome inhibitor drug carfilzomib: Anticancer efficacy and pharmacokinetic studies in mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173247. [PMID: 28273121 PMCID: PMC5342227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a peptide epoxyketone proteasome inhibitor approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Despite the remarkable efficacy of CFZ against MM, the clinical trials in patients with solid cancers yielded rather disappointing results with minimal clinical benefits. Rapid degradation of CFZ in vivo and its poor penetration to tumor sites are considered to be major factors limiting its efficacy against solid cancers. We previously reported that polymer micelles (PMs) composed of biodegradable block copolymers poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(caprolactone) (PCL) can improve the metabolic stability of CFZ in vitro. Here, we prepared the CFZ-loaded PM, PEG-PCL-deoxycholic acid (CFZ-PM) and assessed its in vivo anticancer efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles. Despite in vitro metabolic protection of CFZ, CFZ-PM did not display in vivo anticancer efficacy in mice bearing human lung cancer xenograft (H460) superior to that of the clinically used cyclodextrin-based CFZ (CFZ-CD) formulation. The plasma pharmacokinetic profiles of CFZ-PM were also comparable to those of CFZ-CD and the residual tumors that persisted in xenograft mice receiving CFZ-PM displayed an incomplete proteasome inhibition. In summary, our results showed that despite its favorable in vitro performances, the current CFZ-PM formulation did not improve in vivo anticancer efficacy and accessibility of active CFZ to solid cancer tissues over CFZ-CD. Careful consideration of the current results and potential confounding factors may provide valuable insights into the future efforts to validate the potential of CFZ-based therapy for solid cancer and to develop effective CFZ delivery strategies that can be used to treat solid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Se-Eun Chun
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Derek Reichel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Jee Sun Min
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Su-Chan Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Songhee Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gongmi Ryoo
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yunseok Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Hyung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heon-Min Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Wooin Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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Arnold SM, Chansky K, Leggas M, Thompson MA, Villano JL, Hamm J, Sanborn RE, Weiss GJ, Chatta G, Baggstrom MQ. Phase 1b trial of proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib with irinotecan in lung cancer and other irinotecan-sensitive malignancies that have progressed on prior therapy (Onyx IST reference number: CAR-IST-553). Invest New Drugs 2017; 35:608-615. [PMID: 28204981 PMCID: PMC5577369 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0441-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Proteasome inhibition is an established therapy for many malignancies. Carfilzomib, a novel proteasome inhibitor, was combined with irinotecan to provide a synergistic approach in relapsed, irinotecan-sensitive cancers. Materials and Methods Patients with relapsed irinotecan-sensitive cancers received carfilzomib (Day 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16) at three dose levels (20/27 mg/m2, 20/36 mg/m2 and 20/45 mg/m2/day) in combination with irinotecan (Days 1, 8 and 15) at 125 mg/m2/day. Key eligibility criteria included measurable disease, a Zubrod PS of 0 or 1, and acceptable organ function. Patients with stable asymptomatic brain metastases were eligible. Dose escalation utilized a standard 3 + 3 design. Results Overall, 16 patients were enrolled to three dose levels, with four patients replaced. Three patients experienced dose limiting toxicity (DLT) and the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was exceeded in Cohort 3. The RP2 dose was carfilzomib 20/36 mg/m2 (given on Days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16) and irinotecan 125 mg/m2 (Days 1, 8 and 15). Common Grade (Gr) 3 and 4 toxicities included fatigue (19%), thrombocytopenia (19%), and diarrhea (13%). Conclusions Irinotecan and carfilzomib were well tolerated, with common toxicities of fatigue, thrombocytopenia and neutropenic fever. Objective clinical response was 19% (one confirmed partial response (PR) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and two unconfirmed); stable disease (SD) was 6% for a disease control rate (DCR) of 25%. The recommended phase II dose was carfilzomib 20/36 mg/m2 and irinotecan125 mg/m2. The phase II evaluation is ongoing in relapsed small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M. Arnold
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street CC445, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
- University of Kentucky Department of Internal Medicine, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Kari Chansky
- Cancer Research and Biostatistics (CRAB), Seattle, WA USA
| | - Markos Leggas
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street CC445, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
- University of Kentucky Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lexington, KY USA
| | | | - John L. Villano
- University of Kentucky Markey Cancer Center, 800 Rose Street CC445, Lexington, KY 40536 USA
- University of Kentucky Department of Medicine, Lexington, KY USA
| | - John Hamm
- Norton Cancer Institute, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
| | | | - Glen J. Weiss
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America At Western Regional Medical Center, Goodyear, AZ USA
| | | | - Maria Q. Baggstrom
- Washington University School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis, MO USA
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Chao A, Wang TH. Molecular mechanisms for synergistic effect of proteasome inhibitors with platinum-based therapy in solid tumors. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 55:3-8. [PMID: 26927239 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful development of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib as an anticancer drug has improved survival in patients with multiple myeloma. With the emergence of the newly US Food and Drug Administration-approved proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, ongoing trials are investigating this compound and other proteasome inhibitors either alone or in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. However, in solid tumors, the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors has not lived up to expectations. Results regarding the potential clinical efficacy of bortezomib combined with other agents in the treatment of solid tumors are eagerly awaited. Recent identification of the molecular mechanisms (involving apoptosis and autophagy) by which bortezomib and cisplatin can overcome chemotherapy resistance and sensitize tumor cells to anticancer therapy can provide insights into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for patients with solid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Chao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Genomic Medicine Research Core Laboratory, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Maintenance of proper cellular homeostasis requires constant surveillance and precise regulation of intracellular protein content. Protein monitoring and degradation is performed by two distinct pathways in a cell: the autophage-lysosome pathway and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Protein degradation pathways are frequently dysregulated in multiple cancer types and can be both tumor suppressive and tumor promoting. This knowledge has presented the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy as attractive cancer therapeutic targets. Deubiquitinating enzymes of the UPS have garnered recent attention in the field of cancer therapeutics due to their frequent dysregulation in multiple cancer types. The content of this chapter discusses reasoning behind and advances toward targeting autophagy and the deubiquitinating enzymes of the UPS in cancer therapy, as well as the compelling evidence suggesting that simultaneous targeting of these protein degradation systems may deliver the most effective, synergistic strategy to kill cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Mooneyham
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Martina Bazzaro
- Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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Ou Y, Doshi S, Nguyen A, Jonsson F, Aggarwal S, Rajangam K, Dimopoulos MA, Stewart AK, Badros A, Papadopoulos KP, Siegel D, Jagannath S, Vij R, Niesvizky R, Graham R, Visich J. Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationship of Carfilzomib in Patients With Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 57:663-677. [PMID: 27925676 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A population pharmacokinetic (PK) model and exposure-response (E-R) analysis was developed using data collected from 5 phase 1b/2 and 2 phase 3 studies in subjects with multiple myeloma. Subjects receiving intravenous infusion on 2 consecutive days each week for 3 weeks (days 1, 2, 8, 9, 15, and 16) in each cycle at doses ranging from 15 to 20/56 mg/m2 (20 mg/m2 in cycle 1 and, if tolerated, escalated to 56 mg/m2 on day 8 of cycle 1). The population PK analysis indicated that among all the covariates tested, the only statistically significant covariate was body surface area on carfilzomib clearance; however, this covariate was unlikely to be clinically significant. Despite inclusion of different populations (relapsed or relapsed/refractory), treatments (carfilzomib monotherapy or combination therapy), infusion lengths (2 to 10 minutes or 30 minutes), and different doses, the E-R analysis of efficacy showed that after adjusting for baseline characteristics, higher area under the concentration-time curve was associated with improved overall response rate (ORR), from 15 to 20/56 mg/m2 . No positive relationships between maximum concentration and ORR were identified, indicating that ORR would not be expected to be impacted by infusion length. For safety end points, no statistically significant relationship between exposure and increasing risk of adverse events was identified. The results of an E-R analysis provided strong support for a carfilzomib dose at 20/56 mg/m2 as a 30-minute infusion for monotherapy and combination therapy. This article illustrates an example of application of E-R analysis to support labeling dose recommendation in the absence of extensive clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ou
- Amgen, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ravi Vij
- Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Wali VB, Langdon CG, Held MA, Platt JT, Patwardhan GA, Safonov A, Aktas B, Pusztai L, Stern DF, Hatzis C. Systematic Drug Screening Identifies Tractable Targeted Combination Therapies in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2016; 77:566-578. [PMID: 27872098 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains an aggressive disease without effective targeted therapies. In this study, we addressed this challenge by testing 128 FDA-approved or investigational drugs as either single agents or in 768 pairwise drug combinations in TNBC cell lines to identify synergistic combinations tractable to clinical translation. Medium-throughput results were scrutinized and extensively analyzed for sensitivity patterns, synergy, anticancer activity, and were validated in low-throughput experiments. Principal component analysis revealed that a fraction of all upregulated or downregulated genes of a particular targeted pathway could partly explain cell sensitivity toward agents targeting that pathway. Combination therapies deemed immediately tractable to translation included ABT-263/crizotinib, ABT-263/paclitaxel, paclitaxel/JQ1, ABT-263/XL-184, and paclitaxel/nutlin-3, all of which exhibited synergistic antiproliferative and apoptotic activity in multiple TNBC backgrounds. Mechanistic investigations of the ABT-263/crizotinib combination offering a potentially rapid path to clinic demonstrated RTK blockade, inhibition of mitogenic signaling, and proapoptotic signal induction in basal and mesenchymal stem-like TNBC. Our findings provide preclinical proof of concept for several combination treatments of TNBC, which offer near-term prospects for clinical translation. Cancer Res; 77(2); 566-78. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram B Wali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Casey G Langdon
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Matthew A Held
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - James T Platt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Gauri A Patwardhan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Anton Safonov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Bilge Aktas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - David F Stern
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christos Hatzis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, Connecticut
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Federspiel JD, Codreanu SG, Goyal S, Albertolle ME, Lowe E, Teague J, Wong H, Guengerich FP, Liebler DC. Specificity of Protein Covalent Modification by the Electrophilic Proteasome Inhibitor Carfilzomib in Human Cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:3233-3242. [PMID: 27503896 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.059709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor that is Food and Drug Administration and European Commission approved for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. CFZ is an epoxomicin derivative with an epoxyketone electrophilic warhead that irreversibly adducts the catalytic threonine residue of the β5 subunit of the proteasome. Although CFZ produces a highly potent, sustained inactivation of the proteasome, the electrophilic nature of the drug could potentially produce off-target protein adduction. To address this possibility, we synthesized an alkynyl analog of CFZ and investigated protein adduction by this analog in HepG2 cells. Using click chemistry coupled with streptavidin based IP and shotgun tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), we identified two off-target proteins, cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1) and glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1), as targets of the alkynyl CFZ probe. We confirmed the adduction of CYP27A1 and GSTO1 by streptavidin capture and immunoblotting methodology and then site-specifically mapped the adducts with targeted MS/MS methods. Although CFZ adduction of CYP27A1 and GSTO1 in vitro decreased the activities of these enzymes, the small fraction of these proteins modified by CFZ in intact cells should limit the impact of these off-target modifications. The data support the high selectivity of CFZ for covalent modification of its therapeutic targets, despite the presence of a reactive electrophile. The approach we describe offers a generalizable method to evaluate the safety profile of covalent protein-modifying therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Federspiel
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee
| | - Simona G Codreanu
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee
| | - Sandeep Goyal
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee
| | - Matthew E Albertolle
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee
| | - Eric Lowe
- §Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen subsidiary, San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Juli Teague
- §Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen subsidiary, San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Hansen Wong
- §Onyx Pharmaceuticals, an Amgen subsidiary, San Francisco, California 94080
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel C Liebler
- From the ‡Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of MedicineNashville, Tennessee;
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Structural characterization, ROS-inductive and proteasome inhibitory properties of ternary and binary copper(II) complexes of N2- and N2O2-ligands. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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44
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Shukla N, Somwar R, Smith RS, Ambati S, Munoz S, Merchant M, D'Arcy P, Wang X, Kobos R, Antczak C, Bhinder B, Shum D, Radu C, Yang G, Taylor BS, Ng CKY, Weigelt B, Khodos I, de Stanchina E, Reis-Filho JS, Ouerfelli O, Linder S, Djaballah H, Ladanyi M. Proteasome Addiction Defined in Ewing Sarcoma Is Effectively Targeted by a Novel Class of 19S Proteasome Inhibitors. Cancer Res 2016; 76:4525-34. [PMID: 27256563 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ewing sarcoma is a primitive round cell sarcoma with a peak incidence in adolescence that is driven by a chimeric oncogene created from the fusion of the EWSR1 gene with a member of the ETS family of genes. Patients with metastatic and recurrent disease have dismal outcomes and need better therapeutic options. We screened a library of 309,989 chemical compounds for growth inhibition of Ewing sarcoma cells to provide the basis for the development of novel therapies and to discover vulnerable pathways that might broaden our understanding of the pathobiology of this aggressive sarcoma. This screening campaign identified a class of benzyl-4-piperidone compounds that selectively inhibit the growth of Ewing sarcoma cell lines by inducing apoptosis. These agents disrupt 19S proteasome function through inhibition of the deubiquitinating enzymes USP14 and UCHL5. Functional genomic data from a genome-wide shRNA screen in Ewing sarcoma cells also identified the proteasome as a node of vulnerability in Ewing sarcoma cells, providing orthologous confirmation of the chemical screen findings. Furthermore, shRNA-mediated silencing of USP14 or UCHL5 in Ewing sarcoma cells produced significant growth inhibition. Finally, treatment of a xenograft mouse model of Ewing sarcoma with VLX1570, a benzyl-4-piperidone compound derivative currently in clinical trials for relapsed multiple myeloma, significantly inhibited in vivo tumor growth. Overall, our results offer a preclinical proof of concept for the use of 19S proteasome inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for Ewing sarcoma. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4525-34. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerav Shukla
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
| | - Romel Somwar
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Roger S Smith
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sri Ambati
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stanley Munoz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Melinda Merchant
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Padraig D'Arcy
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Rachel Kobos
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Christophe Antczak
- High-Throughput Drug Screening Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New YorkNew York
| | - Bhavneet Bhinder
- High-Throughput Drug Screening Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New YorkNew York
| | - David Shum
- High-Throughput Drug Screening Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New YorkNew York
| | - Constantin Radu
- High-Throughput Drug Screening Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New YorkNew York
| | - Guangbin Yang
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Barry S Taylor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charlotte K Y Ng
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Britta Weigelt
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Inna Khodos
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jorge S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stig Linder
- Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hakim Djaballah
- High-Throughput Drug Screening Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New YorkNew York
| | - Marc Ladanyi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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Lee SJ, Levitsky K, Parlati F, Bennett MK, Arastu-Kapur S, Kellerman L, Woo TF, Wong AF, Papadopoulos KP, Niesvizky R, Badros AZ, Vij R, Jagannath S, Siegel D, Wang M, Ahmann GJ, Kirk CJ. Clinical activity of carfilzomib correlates with inhibition of multiple proteasome subunits: application of a novel pharmacodynamic assay. Br J Haematol 2016; 173:884-95. [PMID: 27071340 PMCID: PMC5074317 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
While proteasome inhibition is a validated therapeutic approach for multiple myeloma (MM), inhibition of individual constitutive proteasome (c20S) and immunoproteasome (i20S) subunits has not been fully explored owing to a lack of effective tools. We utilized the novel proteasome constitutive/immunoproteasome subunit enzyme‐linked immunosorbent (ProCISE) assay to quantify proteasome subunit occupancy in samples from five phase I/II and II trials before and after treatment with the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib. Following the first carfilzomib dose (15–56 mg/m2), dose‐dependent inhibition of c20S and i20S chymotrypsin‐like active sites was observed [whole blood: ≥67%; peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs): ≥75%]. A similar inhibition profile was observed in bone marrow–derived CD138+ tumour cells. Carfilzomib‐induced proteasome inhibition was durable, with minimal recovery in PBMCs after 24 h but near‐complete recovery between cycles. Importantly, the ProCISE assay can be used to quantify occupancy of individual c20S and i20S subunits. We observed a relationship between MM patient response (n = 29), carfilzomib dose and occupancy of multiple i20S subunits, where greater occupancy was associated with an increased likelihood of achieving a clinical response at higher doses. ProCISE represents a new tool for measuring proteasome inhibitor activity in clinical trials and relating drug action to patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J Lee
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Konstantin Levitsky
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Parlati
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mark K Bennett
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shirin Arastu-Kapur
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Lois Kellerman
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tina F Woo
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alvin F Wong
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Ruben Niesvizky
- New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ashraf Z Badros
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ravi Vij
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - David Siegel
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Wang
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Christopher J Kirk
- Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., an Amgen subsidiary, South San Francisco, CA, USA
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Muchtar E, Gertz MA, Magen H. A practical review on carfilzomib in multiple myeloma. Eur J Haematol 2016; 96:564-77. [DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eli Muchtar
- Division of Hematology; Mayo Clinic; Rochester; MN USA
| | | | - Hila Magen
- Institute of Hematology; Davidoff Cancer Center; Beilinson Hospital; Rabin Medical Center; Petah-Tikva Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv; Israel
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Infante JR, Mendelson DS, Burris HA, Bendell JC, Tolcher AW, Gordon MS, Gillenwater HH, Arastu-Kapur S, Wong HL, Papadopoulos KP. A first-in-human dose-escalation study of the oral proteasome inhibitor oprozomib in patients with advanced solid tumors. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:216-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-016-0327-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Watanabe T, Tobinai K, Matsumoto M, Suzuki K, Sunami K, Ishida T, Ando K, Chou T, Ozaki S, Taniwaki M, Uike N, Shibayama H, Hatake K, Izutsu K, Ishikawa T, Shumiya Y, Kashihara T, Iida S. A phase 1/2 study of carfilzomib in Japanese patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma. Br J Haematol 2016; 172:745-56. [PMID: 26732066 PMCID: PMC4785611 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a phase 1/2 study of single-agent carfilzomib in Japanese patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of carfilzomib were examined in phase 1. The primary endpoint in phase 2 was the overall response rate (ORR). Carfilzomib was administered in a twice-weekly, consecutive-day dosing schedule. In Phase 1, doses of 15 or 20 mg/m(2) were administered on this schedule or 20 mg/m(2) on Days 1 and 2 of Cycle 1 and then 27 mg/m(2) in the 20/27 mg/m(2) cohort. Patients had a median of five prior therapies, including bortezomib and an immunomodulatory agent. The dose level did not reach the maximum tolerated dose. The most common adverse events were haematological. Notably, carfilzomib either induced new hypertension (n = 4) or aggravated previously existing hypertension (n = 6) in 10 of 50 patients. Four of the eight patients who previously experienced peripheral neuropathy (PN) experienced a recurrence with carfilzomib use, but no new cases of PN occurred. The ORR of the 20/27 mg/m(2) 40 patient cohort was similar to that in the pivotal US study. The dose was efficacious and tolerable in heavily pre-treated Japanese patients; however, meticulous control of hypertension may be necessary for further carfilzomib use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Haematology, National Cancer Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Haematology, Komaki City Hospital, Komaki, Japan
| | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Haematology, National Cancer Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Haematology, National Hospital Organization Nishigunma National Hospital, Shibukawa, Japan
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Department of Haematology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Centre, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Sunami
- Department of Haematology, National Hospital Organization Okayama Medical Centre, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadao Ishida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ando
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Takaaki Chou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata Cancer Centre Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shuji Ozaki
- Department of Haematology, Tokushima Prefectural Central Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Taniwaki
- Division of Haematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naokuni Uike
- Department of Haematology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Shibayama
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Hatake
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, The Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Izutsu
- Department of Haematology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ishikawa
- Department of Haematology, Kobe City Medical Centre General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shumiya
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development Planning, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Kashihara
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development Planning, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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Beck P, Cui H, Hegemann JD, Marahiel MA, Krüger A, Groll M. Targeted Delivery of Proteasome Inhibitors to Somatostatin-Receptor-Expressing Cancer Cells by Octreotide Conjugation. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:1969-73. [PMID: 26471124 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical application of proteasome inhibitors (PIs) is so far limited to peripheral blood cancers due to the pronounced cytotoxicity towards all cell types. Targeted delivery of PIs could permit the treatment of other cancers along with decreasing side effects. Herein we describe the first small-molecule proteasome inhibitor conjugate for targeted delivery, created by fusing PIs to a synthetic ligand of somatostatin receptors, which are highly expressed in a variety of tumors. X-ray crystallographic studies and in vitro IC50 measurements demonstrated that addition of the cyclopeptide octreotide as a targeting vehicle does not affect the PI's binding mode. The cytotoxicity of the conjugate against somatostatin-receptor-expressing cells was up to 11-fold higher than that of a non-targeting surrogate. We have therefore established PIs as a new payload for drug conjugates and have shown that targeted delivery thereof could be a promising approach for the broader application of this FDA-approved class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Beck
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Haissi Cui
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Julian D Hegemann
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Mohammed A Marahiel
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Achim Krüger
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar der Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Michael Groll
- Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.
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50
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Ao L, Reichel D, Hu D, Jeong H, Kim KB, Bae Y, Lee W. Polymer micelle formulations of proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib for improved metabolic stability and anticancer efficacy in human multiple myeloma and lung cancer cell lines. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 355:168-73. [PMID: 26311812 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.226993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Carfilzomib (CFZ) is a second-generation proteasome inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Contrary to its excellent antimyeloma activity, CFZ has shown only limited efficacy in patients with solid malignancies. This lack of efficacy has been attributed in part to rapid degradation of CFZ in the body, possibly hindering the ability of CFZ to access the proteasome target in solid tumors. We hypothesized that polymer micelles, a currently Food and Drug Administration-approved nanoparticle drug delivery formulation, may protect CFZ from metabolic degradation and thus expand the clinical utility of the drug as an anticancer agent. To test our hypothesis, we prepared CFZ-entrapped polymer micelle particles with various compositions and drug release profiles and examined the extent of the CFZ metabolism in vitro using mouse liver homogenates. We also assessed the cytotoxic activities of the CFZ-entrapped micelle formulations in human cancer cell lines derived from B lymphocytes (RPMI-8226) and the lung (H460). Our data indicated that polymer micelle-based formulations can improve metabolic stability and cytotoxic effects of CFZ compared with free CFZ in human cancer cell lines tested. Taken together, these results suggest that polymer micelles may have potential as a delivery system for CFZ with an extended therapeutic utility for nonhematologic malignancies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Derek Reichel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Kyung Bo Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Younsoo Bae
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
| | - Wooin Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky (L.A., D.R., K.B.K., Y.B.); Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (D.H., H.J.); and College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea (W.L.)
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