A drug–drug interaction study to assess the effect of the CYP1A2 inhibitor fluvoxamine on the pharmacokinetics of dovitinib (TKI258) in patients with advanced solid tumors

Coffee Bean and Its Chemical Constituent Caffeine and Chlorogenic Acid as Promising Chemoprevention Agents: Updated Biological Studies against Cancer Cells

Cancer is a complicated and ever-evolving disease that remains a significant global cause of disease and mortality. Its complexity, which is evident at the genetic and phenotypic levels, contributes to its diversity and resistance to treatment. Numerous scientific investigations on human and animal models demonstrate the potential of phytochemicals in cancer prevention. Coffee has been shown to possess potent anti-carcinogenic properties, and studies have documented the consumption of coffee as a beverage reduces the risk of cancer occurrence. The major secondary metabolites of coffee, named caffeine and chlorogenic acid, have been linked to anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic effects through various signaling. In light of this, this review article provides a comprehensive analysis based on studies in anticancer effects of coffee, chlorogenic acid, and caffeine published between 2010 and 2023, sourced from Scopus, Pubmed, and Google Scholar databases. We summarize recent advances and scientific evidence on the association of phytochemicals found in coffee with a special emphasis on their biological activities against cancer and their molecular mechanism deemed potential to be used as a novel therapeutic target for cancer prevention and therapy.

Angiogenesis as a potential treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis

Angiogenesis is an early and key event in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is crucial for the proliferation of synovial tissue and the formation of pannus. This process is regulated by both angiogenesis-stimulating factors and angiogenesis inhibitors, the basis for the "on-off hypothesis of angiogenesis." In RA, inflammation, immune imbalance, and hypoxia can further turn on the switch for blood vessel formation and induce angiogenesis. The new vasculature can recruit white blood cells, induce immune imbalance, and aggravate inflammation. At the same time, it also can provide oxygen and nutrients for the proliferating synovial tissue, which can accelerate the process of RA. The current therapies for RA mainly target the inflammatory response of autoimmune activation. Although these therapies have been greatly improved, there are still many patients whose RA is difficult to treat or who do not fully respond to treatment. Therefore, new innovative therapies are still urgently needed. This review covers the mechanism of synovial angiogenesis in RA, including the detailed process of angiogenesis and the relationship between inflammation, immune imbalance, hypoxia, and synovial angiogenesis, respectively. At the same time, in the context of the development of angiogenesis inhibition therapy for cancer, we also discuss similar treatment strategies for RA, especially the combination of targeted angiogenesis inhibition therapy and immunotherapy.

Discovery of 6-Arylurea-2-arylbenzoxazole and 6-Arylurea-2-arylbenzimidazole Derivatives as Angiogenesis Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis and in vitro Biological Evaluation

We embarked on a structural optimization campaign aimed at the discovery of novel anti-angiogenesis agents with previously reported imidazole kinase inhibitors as a lead compound. A library of 29 compounds was synthesized. Several title compounds exhibited selective inhibitory activities against vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) over epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase; these compounds also displayed selective and potent antiproliferative activity against three cancer cell lines. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for anti-angiogenesis activity by chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Among them, 1-(2-(2-chlorophenyl)benzo[d]oxazol-5-yl)-3-(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)urea (compound 5 n) showed the most potent anti-angiogenesis capacity, efficient cytotoxic activities (in vitro against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), H1975, A549, and HeLa cell lines, with respective IC₅₀ values of 8.46, 1.40, 7.61, and 0.28 μm), and an acceptable level of VEGFR-2 kinase inhibition (IC₅₀ =0.25 μm). Molecular docking analysis revealed 5 n to be a type II inhibitor of VEGFR-2 kinase. In general, these results indicate that these 6-arylurea-2-arylbenzoxazole/benzimidazole derivatives are promising inhibitors of VEGFR-2 kinase for potential development into anti-angiogenesis drugs.