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Li S, Zhang H, Chen T, Zhang X, Shang G. Current treatment and novel insights regarding ROS1-targeted therapy in malignant tumors. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7201. [PMID: 38629293 PMCID: PMC11022151 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The proto-oncogene ROS1 encodes an intrinsic type I membrane protein of the tyrosine kinase/insulin receptor family. ROS1 facilitates the progression of various malignancies via self-mutations or rearrangements. Studies on ROS1-directed tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been conducted, and some have been approved by the FDA for clinical use. However, the adverse effects and mechanisms of resistance associated with ROS1 inhibitors remain unknown. In addition, next-generation ROS1 inhibitors, which have the advantage of treating central nervous system metastases and alleviating endogenous drug resistance, are still in the clinical trial stage. METHOD In this study, we searched relevant articles reporting the mechanism and clinical application of ROS1 in recent years; systematically reviewed the biological mechanisms, diagnostic methods, and research progress on ROS1 inhibitors; and provided perspectives for the future of ROS1-targeted therapy. RESULTS ROS1 is most expressed in malignant tumours. Only a few ROS1 kinase inhibitors are currently approved for use in NSCLC, the efficacy of other TKIs for NSCLC and other malignancies has not been ascertained. There is no effective standard treatment for adverse events or resistance to ROS1-targeted therapy. Next-generation TKIs appear capable of overcoming resistance and delaying central nervous system metastasis, but with a greater incidence of adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS Further research on next-generation TKIs regarding the localization of ROS1 and its fusion partners, binding sites for targeted drugs, and coadministration with other drugs is required. The correlation between TKIs and chemotherapy or immunotherapy in clinical practice requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- Department of OrthopedicsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - He Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of OrthopedicsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaowen Zhang
- Medical Research CenterShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - Guanning Shang
- Department of OrthopedicsShengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
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Terrones M, Deben C, Rodrigues-Fortes F, Schepers A, de Beeck KO, Van Camp G, Vandeweyer G. CRISPR/Cas9-edited ROS1 + non-small cell lung cancer cell lines highlight differential drug sensitivity in 2D vs 3D cultures while reflecting established resistance profiles. J Transl Med 2024; 22:234. [PMID: 38433235 PMCID: PMC10910754 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04988-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study of resistance-causing mutations in oncogene-driven tumors is fundamental to guide clinical decisions. Several point mutations affecting the ROS1 kinase domain have been identified in the clinical setting, but their impact requires further exploration, particularly in improved pre-clinical models. Given the scarcity of solid pre-clinical models to approach rare cancer subtypes like ROS1 + NSCLC, CRISPR/Cas9 technology allows the introduction of mutations in patient-derived cell lines for which resistant variants are difficult to obtain due to the low prevalence of cases within the clinical setting. METHODS In the SLC34A2-ROS1 rearranged NSCLC cell line HCC78, we knocked-in through CRISPR/Cas9 technology three ROS1 drug resistance-causing mutations: G2032R, L2026M and S1986Y. Such variants are located in different functional regions of the ROS1 kinase domain, thus conferring TKI resistance through distinct mechanisms. We then performed pharmacological assays in 2D and 3D to assess the cellular response of the mutant lines to crizotinib, entrectinib, lorlatinib, repotrectinib and ceritinib. In addition, immunoblotting assays were performed in 2D-treated cell lines to determine ROS1 phosphorylation and MAP kinase pathway activity. The area over the curve (AOC) defined by the normalized growth rate (NGR_fit) dose-response curves was the variable used to quantify the cellular response towards TKIs. RESULTS Spheroids derived from ROS1G2032R cells were significantly more resistant to repotrectinib (AOC fold change = - 7.33), lorlatinib (AOC fold change = - 6.17), ceritinib (AOC fold change = - 2.8) and entrectinib (AOC fold change = - 2.02) than wild type cells. The same cells cultured as a monolayer reflected the inefficacy of crizotinib (AOC fold change = - 2.35), entrectinib (AOC fold change = - 2.44) and ceritinib (AOC fold change = - 2.12) in targeting the ROS1 G2032R mutation. ROS1L2026M cells showed also remarkable resistance both in monolayer and spheroid culture compared to wild type cells, particularly against repotrectinib (spheroid AOC fold change = - 2.19) and entrectinib (spheroid AOC fold change = - 1.98). ROS1S1986Y cells were resistant only towards crizotinib in 2D (AOC fold change = - 1.86). Overall, spheroids showed an increased TKI sensitivity compared to 2D cultures, where the impact of each mutation that confers TKI resistance could be clearly distinguished. Western blotting assays qualitatively reflected the patterns of response towards TKI observed in 2D culture through the levels of phosphorylated-ROS1. However, we observed a dose-response increase of phosphorylated-Erk1/2, suggesting the involvement of the MAPK pathway in the mediation of apoptosis in HCC78 cells. CONCLUSION In this study we knock-in for the first time in a ROS1 + patient-derived cell line, three different known resistance-causing mutations using CRISPR/Cas9 in the endogenous translocated ROS1 alleles. Pharmacological assays performed in 2D and 3D cell culture revealed that spheroids are more sensitive to TKIs than cells cultured as a monolayer. This direct comparison between two culture systems could be done thanks to the implementation of normalized growth rates (NGR) to uniformly quantify drug response between 2D and 3D cell culture. Overall, this study presents the added value of using spheroids and positions lorlatinib and repotrectinib as the most effective TKIs against the studied ROS1 resistance point mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Terrones
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Felicia Rodrigues-Fortes
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Anne Schepers
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ken Op de Beeck
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Guy Van Camp
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Geert Vandeweyer
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
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Xu X, Li Y, Xu R, Meng Y, Li Z, Zuo D, Wu Y. CD74-ROS1 L2026M mutant enhances autophagy through the MEK/ERK pathway to promote invasion, metastasis and crizotinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells. FEBS J 2024; 291:1199-1219. [PMID: 38148635 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring a proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusion gene has greatly benefited from the use of crizotinib. However, drug resistance inevitably occurs after 1 year of treatment. Clinical studies have shown that patients with an L2026M mutation in the ROS1 kinase domain account for about 6% of the total number of crizotinib-resistant cases, which is an important group that cannot be ignored. To explore the mechanism involved, we constructed the HLA class II histocompatibility antigen gamma chain (CD74)-ROS1 L2026M mutant gene by fusion polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and transfected it into H460 and A549 cells. We found that the invasion and metastasis abilities of drug-resistant cells were increased. The results of monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, Acridine orange (AO) staining, and western blot indicated that the autophagy level of CD74-ROS1 L2026M mutant NSCLC cells was increased compared with the CD74-ROS1 group, and the inhibition of autophagy could reverse the increased invasion and metastasis abilities caused by the L2026M mutation. In addition, the L2026M mutation led to excessive activation of the MEK/ERK pathway, and MEK inhibitors could reduce the autophagy level, invasion, and metastasis abilities of cells; additionally, this process could be blocked by rapamycin, an activator of autophagy. Furthermore, crizotinib treatment activated expression of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-2 (SHP2; also known as PTPN11) to upregulate the MEK/ERK pathway, and the combination of MEK inhibitors and crizotinib increased apoptosis compared with crizotinib alone. In conclusion, our results indicate that the MEK/ERK pathway mediates the induction of invasion, metastasis, and crizotinib resistance through autophagy caused by CD74-ROS1 L2026M mutation in NSCLC cells, and targeting MEK could reverse these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
| | - Yingliang Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, China
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Wang T, Shen YY. Rare ROS1-CENPW gene in pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma and the effect of crizotinib plus AG chemotherapy: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5823-5829. [PMID: 37727713 PMCID: PMC10506013 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i24.5823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first report of an ROS1-CENPW fusion gene in pancreatic malignancies. CASE SUMMARY A 77-year-old woman with a pancreatic tumor and multiple liver metastases was admitted to our hospital. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the ROS1-CENPW fusion gene, a rare fusion gene that has not been previously reported in the field of pancreatic cancer. The patient received crizotinib plus AG (albumin paclitaxel plus gemcitabine) chemotherapy. After treatment, the patient's condition stabilized, and her prognosis was good. CONCLUSION The ROS1-CENPW gene treatment regimen used in this case is an excellent treatment option that provides new hope for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and similar genetic mutations. To date, owing to the rarity of the ROS1-CENPW fusion gene, our team has encountered only a single case. Therefore, the efficacy of crizotinib plus AG chemotherapy in patients with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma harboring the ROS1-CENPW fusion gene requires further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Graduate School, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yi-Yu Shen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314051, Zhejiang Province, China
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Singha M, Pu L, Srivastava G, Ni X, Stanfield BA, Uche IK, Rider PJF, Kousoulas KG, Ramanujam J, Brylinski M. Unlocking the Potential of Kinase Targets in Cancer: Insights from CancerOmicsNet, an AI-Driven Approach to Drug Response Prediction in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4050. [PMID: 37627077 PMCID: PMC10452340 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15164050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Deregulated protein kinases are crucial in promoting cancer cell proliferation and driving malignant cell signaling. Although these kinases are essential targets for cancer therapy due to their involvement in cell development and proliferation, only a small part of the human kinome has been targeted by drugs. A comprehensive scoring system is needed to evaluate and prioritize clinically relevant kinases. We recently developed CancerOmicsNet, an artificial intelligence model employing graph-based algorithms to predict the cancer cell response to treatment with kinase inhibitors. The performance of this approach has been evaluated in large-scale benchmarking calculations, followed by the experimental validation of selected predictions against several cancer types. To shed light on the decision-making process of CancerOmicsNet and to better understand the role of each kinase in the model, we employed a customized saliency map with adjustable channel weights. The saliency map, functioning as an explainable AI tool, allows for the analysis of input contributions to the output of a trained deep-learning model and facilitates the identification of essential kinases involved in tumor progression. The comprehensive survey of biomedical literature for essential kinases selected by CancerOmicsNet demonstrated that it could help pinpoint potential druggable targets for further investigation in diverse cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manali Singha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (M.S.); (G.S.); (X.N.)
| | - Limeng Pu
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (L.P.); (J.R.)
| | - Gopal Srivastava
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (M.S.); (G.S.); (X.N.)
| | - Xialong Ni
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (M.S.); (G.S.); (X.N.)
| | - Brent A. Stanfield
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (B.A.S.); (I.K.U.); (P.J.F.R.); (K.G.K.)
| | - Ifeanyi K. Uche
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (B.A.S.); (I.K.U.); (P.J.F.R.); (K.G.K.)
- Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Paul J. F. Rider
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (B.A.S.); (I.K.U.); (P.J.F.R.); (K.G.K.)
- Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Konstantin G. Kousoulas
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (B.A.S.); (I.K.U.); (P.J.F.R.); (K.G.K.)
- Division of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - J. Ramanujam
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (L.P.); (J.R.)
- Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Michal Brylinski
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (M.S.); (G.S.); (X.N.)
- Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (L.P.); (J.R.)
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Zhang H, Li X, Zhang Z, Huang S, Guo Q, Yan N. Activity of ceritinib in crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e33543. [PMID: 37478263 PMCID: PMC10662874 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000033543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
As a second-generation selective oral anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor, ceritinib is an effective first-line treatment for c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1)-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Its efficacy and safety for the treatment of crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged NSCLC were explored in the study. A retrospective single-center study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of ceritinib in crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. The objective response rate was the primary objective, while the disease control rate, progression-free survival and adverse events were secondary objectives. From December 2015 to October 2021, a total of 246 patients with ROS1-rearranged NSCLC were screened, 12 (4.9%) of whom were treated with ceritinib after the development of crizotinib resistance. Among the 12 crizotinib-resistant patients included, 3 displayed the efficacy of partial response and 3 had the efficacy of stable condition. The objective response rate, disease control rate and median progression-free survival of all patients were 25% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -3.7% to 53.7%; 3 of 12 patients), 50% (95% CI: 16.8% to 83.2%; 6 of 12 patients), and 10.5 months (95% CI, 5.7 to 15.3 months), respectively. In addition, of the 6 patients with brain metastases, an intracranial disease control rate of 66.7% (95% CI:12.5% to 120.9%) was obtained. The research results reveal that ceritinib can be a treatment option for ROS1-rearranged NSCLC patients after the development of crizotinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingya Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ningning Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 450052, People’s Republic of China
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Feng S, Li Y, Huang H, Huang H, Duan Y, Yuan Z, Zhu W, Mei Z, Luo L, Yan P. Isoorientin reverses lung cancer drug resistance by promoting ferroptosis via the SIRT6/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175853. [PMID: 37329975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin, or DDP, is a highly successful and well-known chemotherapy drug used to treat cancer. Acquired resistance to chemotherapy is a major clinical concern, yet the mechanisms of this resistance are still unknown. Ferroptosis is a type of cell death distinct from other forms, fueled by a buildup of iron-associated lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS). Gaining insight into the process of ferroptosis could lead to novel treatments for overcoming cancer resistance. In this study, the combination of isoorientin (IO) and DDP treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the viability of drug-resistant cells, a substantial increase in intracellular iron, malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS concentrations, a notable decrease in glutathione concentration, and the occurrence of ferroptosis in cells, as revealed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Additionally, there was a decrease in the expression of nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) proteins, and an increase in cellular ferroptosis. Isoorientin acts as a mediator to regulate cellular ferroptosis and reverse drug resistance in lung cancer cells by controlling the SIRT6/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway. The findings of this study suggest that IO can promote ferroptosis and reverse drug resistance in lung cancer through the SIRT6/Nrf2/GPX4 signaling pathway, thus offering a theoretical basis for its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senling Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanhui Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongwen Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenting Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lianxiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang China.
| | - Pengke Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangzhou, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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8
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Li Y, Lv Y, Zhang C, Fu B, Liu Y, Hu J. Recent advances in the development of dual ALK/ROS1 inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 257:115477. [PMID: 37210839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the insulin-receptor superfamily, ALK plays an important role in regulating the growth, proliferation, and survival of cells. ROS1 is highly homologous with ALK, and can also regulate normal physiological activities of cells. The overexpression of both is closely related to the development and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, ALK and ROS1 may serve as important therapeutic targets in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinically, many ALK inhibitors have shown powerful therapeutic efficacy in ALK and ROS1-positive NSCLC patients. However, after some time, patients inevitably develop drug resistance, leading to treatment failure. There are no significant drug breakthroughs in solving the problem of drug-resistant mutations. In this review, we summarize the chemical structural features of several novel dual ALK/ROS1 inhibitors, their inhibitory effect on ALK and ROS1 kinases, and future treatment strategies for patients with ALK and ROS1 inhibitor-resistant mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxue Li
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Yanna Lv
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Binyu Fu
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China.
| | - Jinxing Hu
- Weifang Medical University, No.7166 Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, PR China.
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Shao F, Ling L, Li C, Huang X, Ye Y, Zhang M, Huang K, Pan J, Chen J, Wang Y. Establishing a metastasis-related diagnosis and prognosis model for lung adenocarcinoma through CRISPR library and TCGA database. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:885-899. [PMID: 36574046 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04495-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Existing biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) may not meet the demands of clinical practice. Risk prediction models with multiple markers may provide better prognostic factors for accurate diagnosis and prediction of metastatic LUAD. METHODS An animal model of LUAD metastasis was constructed using CRISPR technology, and genes related to LUAD metastasis were screened by mRNA sequencing of normal and metastatic tissues. The immune characteristics of different subtypes were analyzed, and differentially expressed genes were subjected to survival and Cox regression analyses to identify the specific genes involved in metastasis for constructing a prediction model. The biological function of RFLNA was verified by analyzing CCK-8, migration, invasion, and apoptosis in LUAD cell lines. RESULTS We identified 108 differentially expressed genes related to metastasis and classified LUAD samples into two subtypes according to gene expression. Subsequently, a prediction model composed of eight metastasis-related genes (RHOBTB2, KIAA1524, CENPW, DEPDC1, RFLNA, COL7A1, MMP12, and HOXB9) was constructed. The areas under the curves of the logistic regression and neural network were 0.946 and 0.856, respectively. The model effectively classified patients into low- and high-risk groups. The low-risk group had a better prognosis in both the training and test cohorts, indicating that the prediction model had good diagnostic and predictive power. Upregulation of RFLNA successfully promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and attenuated apoptosis, suggesting that RFLNA plays a role in promoting LUAD development and metastasis. CONCLUSION The model has important diagnostic and prognostic value for metastatic LUAD and may be useful in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanggui Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liqun Ling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Changhong Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaolu Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yincai Ye
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Meijuan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kate Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingye Pan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Provincial, Wenzhou, China. .,Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
| | - Yumin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China. .,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
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10
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Sun R, Meng Y, Xu R, Li Y, Xu X, Li Z, Zuo D. Construction of crizotinib resistant models with CD74-ROS1 D2033N and CD74-ROS1 S1986F point mutations to explore resistance mechanism and treatment strategy. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110497. [PMID: 36265718 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeted therapy is an essential treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that is always associated with the drug resistance. c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) gene point mutation is one of the leading factors causing drug resistance. However, the point mutation cell models of crizotinib are challenging to obtain, causing few reports on the drug resistance mechanism and the treatment strategy. We constructed CD74-ROS1 D2033N and CD74-ROS1 S1986F point mutant plasmids by fusion PCR technology and transfected them into A549 cells. Western blot and MTT assay proved that the drug-resistant cell lines were successfully transfected. The transwell assay confirmed that the mutant cells' motor abilities were significantly increased compared with the wild-type group. In addition, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was significantly increased in mutant cells. Moreover, crizotinib resistance occurred in the mutant cells through the activation of FAK / phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. Next, crizotinib was combined with defactinib, a FAK inhibitor, to further explore its therapeutic effect. The results showed that the combination could significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of mutant cells. In conclusion, we proved that CD74-ROS1 D2033N and CD74-ROS1 S1986F point mutant NSCLC cells were resistant to crizotinib through the activation of FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and inhibiting FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activation by defactinib could overcome drug resistance in mutant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuting Meng
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Rui Xu
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ye Li
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zengqiang Li
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- All partner from Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China.
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11
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Research Status of Mouse Models for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Antitumor Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Mouse Models. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6404853. [PMID: 36185084 PMCID: PMC9519343 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6404853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is known as one of the most lethal cancers, causing more than 1 million deaths annually worldwide. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic drugs for NSCLC has become an urgent need. Herein, various mouse models provide great convenience not only for researchers but also for the development of antitumor drug. Meanwhile, TCM, as a valuable and largely untapped resource pool for modern medicine, provides research resources for the treatment of various diseases. Until now, cell-derived xenograft (CDX) model, patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, syngeneic model, orthotopic model, humanized mouse model (HIS), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) have been reported in TCM evaluation. This review shows the role and current status of kinds of mouse models in antitumor research and summarizes the application progress of TCM including extracts, formulas, and isolated single molecules for NSCLC therapy in various mouse models; more importantly, it provides a theoretical exploration of what kind of mouse models is ideal for TCM efficacy evaluation in future. However, there are still huge challenges and limitations in the development of mouse models specifically for the TCM research, and none of the available models are perfectly matching the characteristics of TCM, which suppress the tumor growth through various mechanisms, especially by regulating immune function. Nevertheless, with fully functional immune system existing in syngeneic model and humanized mouse model (HIS), it is still suggested that these two models are more suitable for development of TCM especially for TCM extracts or formulas. Moreover, continued efforts are needed to generate more reliable mouse models to test TCM formulas in future research.
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12
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A pharmacological exploration of targeted drug therapy in non-small cell lung cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:147. [PMID: 35834033 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01744-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the prime cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with a contribution of 85% from non-small cell lung cancer. Before a few decades back, conventional chemotherapy was the most chosen treatment option for NSCLC but with side effects. Now, the treatment approaches have shifted to a new trend, targeted therapy, and a better treatment strategy with minimal side effects compared to chemotherapy. Advances in technologies and understanding the pathways lead to the discovery of new targets and through which it is possible to improve treatment outcomes and patient compliance. Unlike chemotherapy, targeted therapy focuses on the tumor cells and does not produce toxicity to healthy cells. The last two decades were very crucial in the development of many small molecules with the capability to target-specific proteins or genes in the disease progression pathway. Although the targeted therapy approach was a gemstone with many successful drugs for the treatment of NSCLC, various resistance mechanisms and activation of bypass signaling pathways put many of these drugs in the trash. In this review, we will discuss the major targeted proteins involved in NSCLC as well as the inhibitor drugs developed to target them for now and along with the future directions.
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13
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López-Castro R, García-Peña T, Mielgo-Rubio X, Riudavets M, Teixidó C, Vilariño N, Couñago F, Mezquita L. Targeting molecular alterations in non-small-cell lung cancer: what's next? Per Med 2022; 19:341-359. [PMID: 35748237 DOI: 10.2217/pme-2021-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, major advances have been achieved in our understanding of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with oncogenic driver alterations and in the specific treatment of these with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Currently, state-of-the-art management of patients with NSCLC (particularly adenocarcinoma or non-adenocarcinoma but with mild tobacco exposure) consists of the determination of EGFR, ALK, ROS1 and BRAF status, as they have US FDA and EMA approved targeted therapies. The increase in molecular knowledge of NSCLC and the development of drugs against other targets has settled new therapeutic indications. In this review we have incorporated the development around MET, KRAS and NTRK in the diagnosis of NSCLC given the therapeutic potential that they represent, as well as the drugs approved for these indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael López-Castro
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, 47003, Spain
| | - Tania García-Peña
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, 47003, Spain
| | - Xabier Mielgo-Rubio
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, 28922, Spain
| | - Mariona Riudavets
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, 94805, France
| | - Cristina Teixidó
- Thoracic Tumors Unit, Pathology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Noelia Vilariño
- Medical Oncology Department, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08908, Spain
| | - Felipe Couñago
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, 28223, Spain.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital La Luz, Madrid, 28003, Spain.,Medicine Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, 28670, Spain
| | - Laura Mezquita
- Thoracic Tumors Unit, Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
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14
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Guardado Rivas MO, Stuart SD, Thach D, Dahan M, Shorr R, Zachar Z, Bingham PM. Evidence for a novel, effective approach to targeting carcinoma catabolism exploiting the first-in-class, anti-cancer mitochondrial drug, CPI-613. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269620. [PMID: 35675354 PMCID: PMC9176802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical targeting of the altered metabolism of tumor cells has long been considered an attractive hypothetical approach. However, this strategy has yet to perform well clinically. Metabolic redundancy is among the limitations on effectiveness of many approaches, engendering intrinsic single-agent resistance or efficient evolution of such resistance. We describe new studies of the multi-target, tumor-preferential inhibition of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle by the first-in-class drug CPI-613® (devimistat). By suppressing the TCA hub, indispensable to many metabolic pathways, CPI-613 substantially reduces the effective redundancy of tumor catabolism. This TCA cycle suppression also engenders an apparently homeostatic accelerated, inefficient consumption of nutrient stores in carcinoma cells, eroding some sources of drug resistance. Nonetheless, sufficiently abundant, cell line-specific lipid stores in carcinoma cells are among remaining sources of CPI-613 resistance in vitro and during the in vivo pharmacological drug pulse. Specifically, the fatty acid beta-oxidation step delivers electrons directly to the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETC), by-passing the TCA cycle CPI-613 target and producing drug resistance. Strikingly, tested carcinoma cell lines configure much of this fatty acid flow to initially traverse the peroxisome enroute to additional mitochondrial beta-oxidation. This feature facilitates targeting as clinically practical agents disrupting this flow are available. Two such agents significantly sensitize an otherwise fully CPI-613-resistant carcinoma xenograft in vivo. These and related results are strong empirical support for a potentially general class of strategies for enhanced clinical targeting of carcinoma catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises O. Guardado Rivas
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
- Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cranbury, NJ, United States of America
| | - Shawn D. Stuart
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
- Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cranbury, NJ, United States of America
| | - Daniel Thach
- Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cranbury, NJ, United States of America
| | - Michael Dahan
- Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cranbury, NJ, United States of America
| | - Robert Shorr
- Rafael Pharmaceuticals, Cranbury, NJ, United States of America
| | - Zuzana Zachar
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Bingham
- Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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TABBÒ F, DE FILIPPIS M, JACOBS F, NOVELLO S. Strengths and pitfalls of brigatinib in non-small cell lung cancer patients' management. Minerva Med 2022; 113:315-332. [DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.21.07693-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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16
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Gendarme S, Bylicki O, Chouaid C, Guisier F. ROS-1 Fusions in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Evidence to Date. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:641-658. [PMID: 35200557 PMCID: PMC8870726 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ROS-1 gene plays a major role in the oncogenesis of numerous tumors. ROS-1 rearrangement is found in 0.9–2.6% of non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), mostly lung adenocarcinomas, with a significantly higher rate of women, non-smokers, and a tendency to a younger age. It has been demonstrated that ROS-1 is a true oncogenic driver, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting ROS-1 can block tumor growth and provide clinical benefit for the patient. Since 2016, crizotinib has been the first-line reference therapy, with two-thirds of the patients’ tumors responding and progression-free survival lasting ~20 months. More recently developed are ROS-1-targeting TKIs that are active against resistance mechanisms appearing under crizotinib and have better brain penetration. This review summarizes current knowledge on ROS-1 rearrangement in NSCLCs, including the mechanisms responsible for ROS-1 oncogenicity, epidemiology of ROS-1-positive tumors, methods for detecting rearrangement, phenotypic, histological, and molecular characteristics, and their therapeutic management. Much of this work is devoted to resistance mechanisms and the development of promising new molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Gendarme
- INSERM, IMRB (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing Unit), University Paris Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France;
- Pneumology Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40, Avenue de Verdun, F-94010 Créteil, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Olivier Bylicki
- Respiratory Disease Unit, HIA Sainte-Anne, 2, Boulevard Saint-Anne, F-83000 Toulon, France;
| | - Christos Chouaid
- INSERM, IMRB (Clinical Epidemiology and Ageing Unit), University Paris Est Créteil, F-94010 Créteil, France;
- Pneumology Department, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, 40, Avenue de Verdun, F-94010 Créteil, France
| | - Florian Guisier
- Department of Pneumology, Rouen University Hospital, 1 Rue de Germont, F-76000 Rouen, France;
- Clinical Investigation Center, Rouen University Hospital, CIC INSERM 1404, 1 Rue de Germont, F-76000 Rouen, France
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17
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He YZ, Yu SL, Li XN, Bai XH, Li HT, Liu YC, Lv BL, Zhao XM, Wei D, Zhang HL, Li FN, Li G, Li S. Curcumin increases crizotinib sensitivity through the inactivation of autophagy via epigenetic modulation of the miR-142-5p/Ulk1 axis in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:297-307. [PMID: 34957997 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is a critical factor responsible for the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies suggest that curcumin acts as a chemosensitizer and radiosensitizer in human malignancies, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In the present study, we explored how curcumin regulates the expression of miR-142-5p and sensitizes NSCLC cells to crizotinib. We found that miR-142-5p is significantly downregulated in NSCLC tissue samples and cell lines. Curcumin could increase crizotinib cytotoxicity by epigenetically restoring the expression of miR-142-5p. Furthermore, curcumin treatment suppressed the expression of DNA methylation-related enzymes, including DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B, in NSCLC cells. In addition, the upregulation of miR-142-5p expression increased crizotinib cytotoxicity and induced apoptosis in tumor cells in a similar manner to that of curcumin. Strikingly, miR-142-5p overexpression suppressed crizotinib-induced autophagy in A549 and H460 cells. Mechanistically, miR-142-5p inhibited autophagy in lung cancer cells by targeting Ulk1. Overexpression of Ulk1 abrogated the miR-142-5p-induced elevation of crizotinib cytotoxicity in A549 and H460 cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that curcumin sensitizes NSCLC cells to crizotinib by inactivating autophagy through the regulation of miR-142-5p and its target Ulk1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zheng He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shan-Ling Yu
- Department of Medical Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xian-Hua Bai
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hai-Tao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yan-Chao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bao-Lei Lv
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiu-Min Zhao
- Department of The Integrated Treatment of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - He-Lin Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fan-Nian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of XingTai, XingTai, Hebei, China
| | - GuoLei Li
- Department of The First Surgery, Hebei Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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18
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Pathak N, Chitikela S, Malik PS. Recent advances in lung cancer genomics: Application in targeted therapy. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2021; 108:201-275. [PMID: 34844713 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Genomic characterization of lung cancer has not only improved our understanding of disease biology and carcinogenesis but also revealed several therapeutic opportunities. Targeting tumor dependencies on specific genomic alterations (oncogene addiction) has accelerated the therapeutic developments and significantly improved the outcomes even in advanced stage of disease. Identification of genomic alterations predicting response to specific targeted treatment is the key to success for this "personalized treatment" approach. Availability of multiple choices of therapeutic options for specific genomic alterations highlight the importance of optimum sequencing of drugs. Multiplex gene testing has become mandatory in view of constantly increasing number of therapeutic targets and effective treatment options. Influence of genomic characteristics on response to immunotherapy further makes comprehensive genomic profiling necessary before therapeutic decision making. A comprehensive elucidation of resistance mechanisms and directed treatments have made the continuum of care possible and transformed this deadly disease into a chronic condition. Liquid biopsy-based approach has made the dynamic monitoring of disease possible and enabled treatment optimizations accordingly. Current lung cancer management is the perfect example of "precision-medicine" in clinical oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Pathak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sindhura Chitikela
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhat Singh Malik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr. B.R.A.I.R.C.H., All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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19
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Xiao BF, Zhang JT, Zhu YG, Cui XR, Lu ZM, Yu BT, Wu N. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Lung Cancer: Potential and Challenges. Front Immunol 2021; 12:782775. [PMID: 34790207 PMCID: PMC8591168 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.782775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has exhibited a substantial clinical response in hematological malignancies, including B-cell leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Therefore, the feasibility of using CAR-T cells to treat solid tumors is actively evaluated. Currently, multiple basic research projects and clinical trials are being conducted to treat lung cancer with CAR-T cell therapy. Although numerous advances in CAR-T cell therapy have been made in hematological tumors, the technology still entails considerable challenges in treating lung cancer, such as on−target, of−tumor toxicity, paucity of tumor-specific antigen targets, T cell exhaustion in the tumor microenvironment, and low infiltration level of immune cells into solid tumor niches, which are even more complicated than their application in hematological tumors. Thus, progress in the scientific understanding of tumor immunology and improvements in the manufacture of cell products are advancing the clinical translation of these important cellular immunotherapies. This review focused on the latest research progress of CAR-T cell therapy in lung cancer treatment and for the first time, demonstrated the underlying challenges and future engineering strategies for the clinical application of CAR-T cell therapy against lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Fan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Tao Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu-Ge Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Run Cui
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe-Ming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Ben-Tong Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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20
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Xin C, Hu B, Sui M. Effect and mechanism of mir-574-5p regulating mpegs on drug resistance of pC9/h1993 cells. Panminerva Med 2021; 64:300-302. [PMID: 34664481 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04464-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Xin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Baohong Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Minghua Sui
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, China -
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21
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Ko HJ, Hsu CK, Yeh YC, Huang HC. ROS-1 TKI for the treatment of concurrent sarcomatoid transformation and acquired ROS-1 F2004C mutation in a lung adenocarcinoma patient. Pulmonology 2021; 28:76-79. [PMID: 34627770 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H-J Ko
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-K Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mennonite Christian Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Y-C Yeh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - H-C Huang
- Department of Chest Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan.
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22
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Kryczka J, Kryczka J, Czarnecka-Chrebelska KH, Brzeziańska-Lasota E. Molecular Mechanisms of Chemoresistance Induced by Cisplatin in NSCLC Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8885. [PMID: 34445588 PMCID: PMC8396273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells utilise several mechanisms to increase their survival and progression as well as their resistance to anticancer therapy: deregulation of growth regulatory pathways by acquiring grow factor independence, immune system suppression, reducing the expression of antigens activating T lymphocyte cells (mimicry), induction of anti-apoptotic signals to counter the action of drugs, activation of several DNA repair mechanisms and driving the active efflux of drugs from the cell cytoplasm, and epigenetic regulation by microRNAs (miRNAs). Because it is commonly diagnosed late, lung cancer remains a major malignancy with a low five-year survival rate; when diagnosed, the cancer is often highly advanced, and the cancer cells may have acquired drug resistance. This review summarises the main mechanisms involved in cisplatin resistance and interactions between cisplatin-resistant cancer cells and the tumour microenvironment. It also analyses changes in the gene expression profile of cisplatin sensitive vs. cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cellular model using the GSE108214 Gene Expression Omnibus database. It describes a protein-protein interaction network that indicates highly dysregulated TP53, MDM2, and CDKN1A genes as they encode the top networking proteins that may be involved in cisplatin tolerance, these all being upregulated in cisplatin-resistant cells. Furthermore, it illustrates the multifactorial nature of cisplatin resistance by examining the diversity of dysregulated pathways present in cisplatin-resistant NSCLC cells based on KEGG pathway analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Kryczka
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (K.H.C.-C.); (E.B.-L.)
| | - Jakub Kryczka
- Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
| | | | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland; (K.H.C.-C.); (E.B.-L.)
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Azelby CM, Sakamoto MR, Bowles DW. ROS1 Targeted Therapies: Current Status. Curr Oncol Rep 2021; 23:94. [PMID: 34125313 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01078-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Molecular drivers are increasingly identified as therapeutic targets for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This review focuses on the role of ROS1 inhibitors in treating relapsed/metastatic ROS-1 altered (ROS1+) NSCLC. RECENT FINDINGS Four FDA-approved drugs have significant activity against ROS1+ NSCLC: crizotinib, ciritinib, lorlatinib, and entrectinib. Each drug yields an overall response rates exceeding 60% with ciritinib, lorlatinib, and entrectinib possessing intracranial activity. The drugs have manageable toxicity profiles. ROS1 alterations are rare molecular drivers of NSCLC that can be effectively treated with a variety of ROS1-targetd drugs. New agents are being identified that may treat resistance mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Azelby
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado, AU, USA
| | - Mandy R Sakamoto
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Colorado, AU, USA
| | - Daniel W Bowles
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 E 17th Ave, 1665 Aurora Court, Colorado, AU, USA. .,Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Targeting STAT3 signaling overcomes gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:561. [PMID: 34059647 PMCID: PMC8166856 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03844-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most aggressive cancers with poor prognosis and high resistance rate. The family of signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STATs) appears to modulate resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, we demonstrated that STAT3/ZEB1 is a critical axis in gefitinib resistance. STAT3-targeted inhibition therefore is a new potential therapeutic strategy for gefitinib resistance in lung cancer. Our small molecule screening identified a relatively specific STAT3-targeted inhibitor, LL1. Pharmacological and biochemical studies indicated that LL1 block the activation of STAT3 via inhibiting its phosphorylation. Further in vitro and in vivo studies elucidated that LL1 sensitizes the resistance cells to gefitinib through depleting STAT3 activity and blocking STAT3/ZEB1 signaling pathways. Little toxicity of LL1 was observed in animal models. All these favorable results indicated that LL1 is a chemotherapeutic adjuvant for gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.
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Huang RS, Gottberg-Williams A, Vang P, Yang S, Britt N, Kaur J, Haberberger J, Danziger N, Owens C, Beckloff SE, Ross JS, Ramkissoon SH. Correlating ROS1 Protein Expression With ROS1 Fusions, Amplifications, and Mutations. JTO Clin Res Rep 2021; 2:100100. [PMID: 34589979 PMCID: PMC8474213 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2020.100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we sought to further characterize ROS1 protein expression in solid tumors with the complete spectrum of ROS1 genomic alterations. METHODS ROS1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using the ROS1 (SP384) class I assay per manufacturer's instructions on a variety of solid tumors (n = 32) with known ROS1 genomic alterations. Genomic alterations included fusions (n = 17), gene amplifications (n = 10), and short-variant mutations (n = 11). RESULTS Of the 32 cases with ROS1 IHC results, 100% (11 of 11) with canonical ROS1 fusions were positive for ROS1 IHC. Among noncanonical ROS1 fusions, only two (of five) cases with SQSTM1-ROS1 and RDX-ROS1 fusions were positive for ROS1 IHC whereas PTPRK-ROS1 (two) and TTC28-ROS1 fusions were negative for ROS1 IHC. One sample with a canonical ROS1 fusion and co-occurring ROS1 resistance mutation (6094G>A, p.G2032R) was positive for ROS1 IHC. A total of 10% (one of 10) of ROS1 amplified tumors were positive for ROS1 IHC. None of the cases (zero of five) with ROS1 short-variant mutations were positive for ROS1 protein expression. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that if ROS1 IHC was used as a screening tool for ROS1 fusion, a subset of fusion-negative tumors will reveal positive IHC staining highlighting the value of reflexing to genomic profiling to confirm the presence of a targetable fusion-driver before the initiation of therapy. In addition, the ability of comprehensive genomic profiling to detect ROS1 resistance mutations will be important for clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Panhia Vang
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina
| | - Shoua Yang
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jeffrey S. Ross
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Shakti H. Ramkissoon
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Huang RSP, Haberberger J, Sokol E, Schrock AB, Danziger N, Madison R, Trabucco S, Jin D, Pavlick D, Ramanan V, Hole K, McGregor K, Venstrom J, Ross JS. Clinicopathologic, genomic and protein expression characterization of 356 ROS1 fusion driven solid tumors cases. Int J Cancer 2020; 148:1778-1788. [PMID: 33336398 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Based on the approvals of crizotinib and entrectinib by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ROS1 positive nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we sought to examine the mutational profile of a variety of solid tumors (excluding sarcomas) with ROS1 fusions that underwent comprehensive genomic profiling. A review of our database was performed to extract all nonsarcoma patients with ROS1 fusions that were discovered by the hybrid capture-based DNA only sequencing assays. We examined the coalterations representing potentially targetable biomarkers, resistance alterations and other alterations in these cases. In addition, we examined the histologic characteristics and protein expression with immunohistochemistry (IHC). From a series of clinically advanced nonsarcoma solid tumors, 356 unique cases with ROS1 fusions included 275 (77.2%) NSCLC and 81 (22.8%) non-NSCLC. Ten novel ROS1 fusions were discovered. Importantly, the NSCLC ROS1 fusionpos tumors had a higher PD-L1 IHC expression positivity when compared to the NSCLC ROS1 fusionneg population (P = .012, Chi-squared). The frequency of known and likely anti-ROS1 targeted therapy resistance genomic alterations in NSCLC was 7.3% (20/275) and in non-NSCLC was 4.9% (4/81). Overall, the coalteration profile of ROS1 fusionpos NSCLC and non-NSCLC was similar with only three genes altered significantly more frequently in non-NSCLC vs NSCLC: TERT, PTEN, APC. In our study, we characterized a large cohort of ROS1 fusionpos NSCLC and non-NSCLC solid tumors and discovered 10 novel ROS1 fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ethan Sokol
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | | | - Sally Trabucco
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dexter Jin
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dean Pavlick
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vivek Ramanan
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kanchan Hole
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey S Ross
- Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pathology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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Dudnik E, Agbarya A, Grinberg R, Cyjon A, Bar J, Moskovitz M, Peled N. Clinical activity of brigatinib in ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2020; 22:2303-2311. [PMID: 32462394 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brigatinib is a potent ROS1 inhibitor. The existing data on its clinical activity in ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are limited to four cases. METHODS Six patients with ROS1-rearranged advanced NSCLC treated with brigatinib were identified through search of the internal databases of four participating cancer centers. Four additional patients were selected by PubMed and Google Scholar search. The objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) (RECIST v.1.1), duration of treatment (DOT), and safety were assessed. RESULTS Of eight patients evaluable for response assessment (crizotinib naive-1, crizotinib resistant -7), three patients demonstrated a partial response (ORR-37%). One crizotinib-naive patient had an ongoing response at 21.6 months. Of seven crizotinib-resistant patients, two patients demonstrated a partial response (ORR-29%), and one patient (14%) had stable disease. PFS, available in four crizotinib-resistant patients, was 7.6 + , 2.9, 2.0, and 0.4 months. In crizotinib-resistant patients, DOT was 9.7 + , 7.7 + , 7.6 + , 4.0, 2.0, 1.1, 0.4 months, and was not reported in two patients. Genomic profiling in one responder revealed no ROS1 alteration, suggesting that the response was attributable to "off-target" brigatinib activity. In two patients with progressive disease, genomic profiling demonstrated a cMET exon 14 mutation + KRAS G12A mutation in one case, and a persisting ROS1-CD74 fusion + TP53 K139N, FGFR2 E250G, ATM G2695D, and NF1 R2258Q mutations in the other. No grade 3-5 toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION Brigatinib demonstrated modest activity in crizotinib-resistant ROS1-rearranged NSCLC. Its intracranial and systemic activity should be assessed in correlation with the underlying molecular mechanism of crizotinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Dudnik
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Kaplan St., 49100, Petah Tikva, Israel.
| | - A Agbarya
- Oncology Department, Bney Zion Medical Center, 47 Golomb St., 31048, Haifa, Israel
| | - R Grinberg
- Legacy Heritage Oncology Center, Soroka Medical Center, 84101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - A Cyjon
- Institute of Oncology, Asaf ha-Rofe Medical Center, 70300, Zerifin, Israel
| | - J Bar
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Institute of Oncology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, 5262000, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, POB 39040, 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - M Moskovitz
- Thoracic Cancer Service, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601, Haifa, Israel
| | - N Peled
- Legacy Heritage Oncology Center, Soroka Medical Center, 84101, Beer-Sheva, Israel
- Ben Gurion University of Negev, 8410501, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Vanajothi R, Vedagiri H, Al-Ansari MM, Al-Humaid LA, Kumpati P. Pharmacophore based virtual screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies for finding ROS1 kinase inhibitors as potential drug molecules. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:3385-3399. [PMID: 33200682 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1847195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase ROS-1 is one of the clinically important biomarker and plays a crucial role in regulation of a number of cellular functions including cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Recently, inhibition of ROS1 kinase has proven to be a promising target of anticancer drugs for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The very few compounds have been used as potent drug molecules so far and the selective ROS1 inhibitors are relatively rare. Besides the currently available drugs such as Crizotinib and PF-06463922 are becoming sensitive due to mutations in the ROS1 protein. To curtail the problem of the resistant, present study was designed to identify the potent inhibitors against ROS1. Three different screening approaches such as structure based, Atom-based and pharmacophore based screening were carried out against commercially available databases and the retrieved best hits were further evaluated by Lipinski's filter. Thereafter the lead molecule was subjected to pocket specific docking with ROS1. The results show that, total of 9 molecules (3 from each screening) has good docking score (with range of -9.288 to -12.49 Kcal/Mol) and binding interactions within the active site of ROS1. In order to analyze the stability of the ligand- protein complexes, molecular dynamics simulation was performed. Thus, these identified potential lead molecules with good binding score and binding affinity with ROS1 may act as the potent ROS1 inhibitor, and that are worth considering for further experimental studies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramar Vanajothi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Mysoon M Al-Ansari
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Latifah A Al-Humaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Premkumar Kumpati
- Department of Biomedical Science, Bharathidasan University, Tamil Nadu, India
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Focus on ROS1-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Crizotinib, Resistance Mechanisms and the Newer Generation of Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113293. [PMID: 33172113 PMCID: PMC7694780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genetic rearrangements of the ROS1 gene account for up to 2% of NSCLC patients who sometimes develop brain metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis. This review discusses the tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib plus updates and preliminary results with the newer generation of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which have been specifically conceived to overcome crizotinib resistance, including brigatinib, cabozantinib, ceritinib, entrectinib, lorlatinib and repotrectinib. After introducing each agent’s properties, we provide suggestions on the best approaches to identify resistance mechanisms at an early stage, and we speculate on the most appropriate second-line therapies for patients who reported disease progression following crizotinib administration. Abstract The treatment of patients affected by non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been revolutionised by the discovery of druggable mutations. ROS1 (c-ros oncogene) is one gene with druggable mutations in NSCLC. ROS1 is currently targeted by several specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but only two of these, crizotinib and entrectinib, have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. Crizotinib is a low molecular weight, orally available TKI that inhibits ROS1, MET and ALK and is considered the gold standard first-line treatment with demonstrated significant activity for lung cancers harbouring ROS1 gene rearrangements. However, crizotinib resistance often occurs, making the treatment of ROS1-positive lung cancers more challenging. A great effort has been undertaken to identify a new generation or ROS1 inhibitors. In this review, we briefly introduce the biology and role of ROS1 in lung cancer and discuss the underlying acquired mechanisms of resistance to crizotinib and the promising new agents able to overcome resistance mechanisms and offer alternative efficient therapies.
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中国临床肿瘤学会非小细胞肺癌专家委员会. [Chinese Expert Consensus on Next Generation Sequencing Diagnosis
for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (2020 Edition)]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2020; 23:741-761. [PMID: 32957170 PMCID: PMC7519957 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.101.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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RASAL1 and ROS1 Gene Variants in Hereditary Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092539. [PMID: 32906649 PMCID: PMC7563829 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. Identifying novel genetic factors conferring BC predisposition is crucial to predict who is at increased risk of developing the disease, allowing for early detection and therapy, and optimized patient management. We identified germline pathogenic variants in familial breast cancer patients in ROS1 and RASAL1 genes. Further analysis in independent patient group will help understanding the role of these novel genes in breast cancer predisposition. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death in women. BC patients with family history or clinical features suggestive of inherited predisposition are candidate to genetic testing to determine whether a hereditary cancer syndrome is present. We aimed to identify new predisposing variants in familial BC patients using next-generation sequencing approaches. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in first-degree cousin pairs affected by hereditary BC negative at the BRCA1/2 (BReast CAncer gene 1/2) testing. Targeted analysis, for the genes resulting mutated via WES, was performed in additional 131 independent patients with a suspected hereditary predisposition (negative at the BRCA1/2 testing). We retrieved sequencing data for the mutated genes from WES of 197 Italian unrelated controls to perform a case-controls collapsing analysis. We found damaging variants in NPL (N-Acetylneuraminate Pyruvate Lyase), POLN (DNA Polymerase Nu), RASAL1 (RAS Protein Activator Like 1) and ROS1 (ROS Proto-Oncogene 1, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase), shared by the corresponding cousin pairs. We demonstrated that the splice site alterations identified in NPL and ROS1 (in two different pairs, respectively) impaired the formation of the correct transcripts. Target analysis in additional patients identified novel and rare damaging variants in RASAL1 and ROS1, with a significant allele frequency increase in cases. Moreover, ROS1 achieved a significantly higher proportion of variants among cases in comparison to our internal control database of Italian subjects (p = 0.0401). Our findings indicate that germline variants in ROS1 and RASAL1 might confer susceptibility to BC.
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Zheng J, Cao H, Li Y, Rao C, Zhang T, Luo J, Lv D, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Zhou J. Effectiveness and prognostic factors of first-line crizotinib treatment in patients with ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: A multicenter retrospective study. Lung Cancer 2020; 147:130-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Gambella A, Senetta R, Collemi G, Vallero SG, Monticelli M, Cofano F, Zeppa P, Garbossa D, Pellerino A, Rudà R, Soffietti R, Fagioli F, Papotti M, Cassoni P, Bertero L. NTRK Fusions in Central Nervous System Tumors: A Rare, but Worthy Target. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030753. [PMID: 31979374 PMCID: PMC7037946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophic tropomyosin receptor kinase (NTRK) genes (NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3) code for three transmembrane high-affinity tyrosine-kinase receptors for nerve growth factors (TRK-A, TRK-B, and TRK-C) which are mainly involved in nervous system development. Loss of function alterations in these genes can lead to nervous system development problems; conversely, activating alterations harbor oncogenic potential, promoting cell proliferation/survival and tumorigenesis. Chromosomal rearrangements are the most clinically relevant alterations of pathological NTRK activation, leading to constitutionally active chimeric receptors. NTRK fusions have been detected with extremely variable frequencies in many pediatric and adult cancer types, including central nervous system (CNS) tumors. These alterations can be detected by different laboratory assays (e.g., immunohistochemistry, FISH, sequencing), but each of these approaches has specific advantages and limitations which must be taken into account for an appropriate use in diagnostics or research. Moreover, therapeutic targeting of this molecular marker recently showed extreme efficacy. Considering the overall lack of effective treatments for brain neoplasms, it is expected that detection of NTRK fusions will soon become a mainstay in the diagnostic assessment of CNS tumors, and thus in-depth knowledge regarding this topic is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gambella
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Rebecca Senetta
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (R.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Giammarco Collemi
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Stefano Gabriele Vallero
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.G.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Matteo Monticelli
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (F.C.); (P.Z.); (D.G.)
| | - Fabio Cofano
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (F.C.); (P.Z.); (D.G.)
| | - Pietro Zeppa
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (F.C.); (P.Z.); (D.G.)
| | - Diego Garbossa
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (M.M.); (F.C.); (P.Z.); (D.G.)
| | - Alessia Pellerino
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.P.); (R.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Roberta Rudà
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.P.); (R.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Riccardo Soffietti
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, University and City of Health and Science Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.P.); (R.R.); (R.S.)
| | - Franca Fagioli
- Pediatric Onco-Hematology Unit, Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (S.G.V.); (F.F.)
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Pathology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (R.S.); (M.P.)
| | - Paola Cassoni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (G.C.)
| | - Luca Bertero
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy; (A.G.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-633-5466
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