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Li L, Chen K, Xiang Y, Yoshimura T, Su S, Zhu J, Bian XW, Wang JM. New development in studies of formyl-peptide receptors: critical roles in host defense. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 99:425-35. [PMID: 26701131 PMCID: PMC4750370 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2ri0815-354rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Formyl-peptide receptors are a family of 7 transmembrane domain, Gi-protein-coupled receptors that possess multiple functions in many pathophysiologic processes because of their expression in a variety of cell types and their capacity to interact with a variety of structurally diverse, chemotactic ligands. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that formyl-peptide receptors are critical mediators of myeloid cell trafficking in the sequential chemotaxis signal relays in microbial infection, inflammation, and immune responses. Formyl-peptide receptors are also involved in the development and progression of cancer. In addition, one of the formyl-peptide receptor family members, Fpr2, is expressed by normal mouse-colon epithelial cells, mediates cell responses to microbial chemotactic agonists, participates in mucosal development and repair, and protects against inflammation-associated tumorigenesis. These novel discoveries greatly expanded the current understanding of the role of formyl-peptide receptors in host defense and as potential molecular targets for the development of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhu Li
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keqiang Chen
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Xiang
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaobo Su
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-wu Bian
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- *Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA; Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China; and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liu M, Chen K, Yoshimura T, Liu Y, Gong W, Wang A, Gao JL, Murphy PM, Wang JM. Formylpeptide receptors are critical for rapid neutrophil mobilization in host defense against Listeria monocytogenes. Sci Rep 2012; 2:786. [PMID: 23139859 PMCID: PMC3493074 DOI: 10.1038/srep00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Listeria) causes opportunistic infection in immunocompromised hosts with high mortality. Resistance to Listeria depends on immune responses and recruitment of neutrophils of the immune system into infected sites is an early and critical step. Mouse neutrophils express two G protein-coupled formylpeptide receptor subtypes Fpr1 and Fpr2 that recognize bacterial and host-derived chemotactic molecules including Listeria peptides for cell migration and activation. Here we report deficiency in Fprs exacerbated the severity of the infection and increased the mortality of infected mice. The mechanism involved impaired early neutrophil recruitment to the liver with Fpr1 and Fpr2 being sole receptors for neutrophils to sense Listeria chemoattractant signals and for production of bactericidal superoxide. Thus, Fprs are essential sentinels to guide the first wave of neutrophil infiltration in the liver of Listeria-infected mice for effective elimination of the invading pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyong Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Teizo Yoshimura
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Wanghua Gong
- Basic Research Program, SAIC-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Aimin Wang
- Center for Orthopedics, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ji-Liang Gao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Philip M. Murphy
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ji Ming Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Fredrick, MD 21702, USA
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Tsai YHL, Maron SB, McGann P, Nightingale KK, Wiedmann M, Orsi RH. Recombination and positive selection contributed to the evolution of Listeria monocytogenes lineages III and IV, two distinct and well supported uncommon L. monocytogenes lineages. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2011; 11:1881-90. [PMID: 21854875 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 08/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Listeriamonocytogenes lineages III and IV represent two uncommon lineages of the human and animal pathogen L. monocytogenes, characterized by occurrence of unusual phenotypic and genetic characteristics that differentiate them from the common lineages I and II. To gain further insights into the evolution of lineages III and IV, we amplified and sequenced housekeeping genes (i.e., gap, prs, purM, ribC, and sigB), internalin genes (i.e., inlA, inlB, inlC, inlG, inlC2, inlD, inlE, inlF, and inlH) and the virulence gene cluster containing prfA, plcA, hly, mpl, actA, and plcB for lineages III (n = 7) and IV (n = 4) isolates. Phylogenetic analyses of the sequences obtained along with previously reported sequence data for 40 isolates representing lineages I (n = 18), II (n = 21), and III (n = 1), showed that lineages III and IV represent divergent and monophyletic lineages. The virulence gene cluster as well as the inlAB operon were present in all isolates, with inlF absent from all lineages III and IV isolates. While all lineage IV isolates contained only inlC (in addition to inlAB), lineage III isolates showed considerable diversity with regard to internalin gene presence, including presence of (i) only inlC (n = 2), (ii) inlC and inlGC2DE (n = 3), (iii) only inlGC2DE (n = 2), and (iv) inlC and inlC2DE (n = 1). In addition to evidence for horizontal gene transfer events, among lineages III and IV isolates, in prs, actA, plcB, mpl, inlA, inlB, inlG, inlD, and inlE, we also found significant evidence for positive selection in the hly promoter region and, along the lineages III and IV branches, for actA (including in sites recognized for interactions with proteins involved in actin tail polymerization). In conclusion, lineages III and IV represent two distinct monophyletic groups with contributions of intragenic recombination to the evolution of their internalin genes as well as contributions of positive selection to evolution of the virulence genes island.
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Solheim M, Brekke MC, Snipen LG, Willems RJL, Nes IF, Brede DA. Comparative genomic analysis reveals significant enrichment of mobile genetic elements and genes encoding surface structure-proteins in hospital-associated clonal complex 2 Enterococcus faecalis. BMC Microbiol 2011; 11:3. [PMID: 21205308 PMCID: PMC3022643 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-11-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococci rank among the leading causes of nosocomial infections. The failure to identify pathogen-specific genes in Enterococcus faecalis has led to a hypothesis where the virulence of different strains may be linked to strain-specific genes, and where the combined endeavor of the different gene-sets result in the ability to cause infection. Population structure studies by multilocus sequence typing have defined distinct clonal complexes (CC) of E. faecalis enriched in hospitalized patients (CC2, CC9, CC28 and CC40). Results In the present study, we have used a comparative genomic approach to investigate gene content in 63 E. faecalis strains, with a special focus on CC2. Statistical analysis using Fisher's exact test revealed 252 significantly enriched genes among CC2-strains. The majority of these genes were located within the previously defined mobile elements phage03 (n = 51), efaB5 (n = 34) and a vanB associated genomic island (n = 55). Moreover, a CC2-enriched genomic islet (EF3217 to -27), encoding a putative phage related element within the V583 genome, was identified. From the draft genomes of CC2-strains HH22 and TX0104, we also identified a CC2-enriched non-V583 locus associated with the E. faecalis pathogenicity island (PAI). Interestingly, surface related structures (including MSCRAMMs, internalin-like and WxL protein-coding genes) implicated in virulence were significantly overrepresented (9.1%; p = 0.036, Fisher's exact test) among the CC2-enriched genes. Conclusion In conclusion, we have identified a set of genes with potential roles in adaptation or persistence in the hospital environment, and that might contribute to the ability of CC2 E. faecalis isolates to cause disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margrete Solheim
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology and Food Microbiology, Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, The Norwegian University of Life Sciences, N-1432 Ås, Norway.
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