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Wang Z, Zhou Q, Li Y, Qiao L, Pang Q, Huang B. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of conidia and mycelium in the filamentous fungus Metarhizium robertsii. Fungal Biol 2018; 122:651-658. [PMID: 29880200 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metarhizium robertsii is widely applied in biological control via conidia application. To clarify the proteomic differences between conidia and mycelia and explore the underlying mechanisms of conidia as a unit responsible for dispersal and environmental stress, we carried out an iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation)-based quantitative proteomic analysis for two developmental stages from M. robertsii. A total of 2052 proteins were detected, and 90 showed differential protein abundance between the conidia and mycelia. These 90 proteins were primarily associated with stress resistance, amino acid and protein metabolism, and energy metabolism. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that these proteins could be mapped to 52 pathways, five of which were significantly enriched after mapping to KEGG pathways. Interestingly, many proteins involved in the significantly enriched pathway of peroxisome, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, including catalase, peroxisomal membrane anchor protein, formate dehydrogenase and isocitrate lyase, were identified with higher abundance in conidia. The results deepened our understanding of the conidia proteome in M. robertsii and provide a basis for further exploration for improving the efficiency of the fungi as biocontrol agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxun Wang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yuandong Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lintao Qiao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Qi Pang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Pest Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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Proteomics of survival structures of fungal pathogens. N Biotechnol 2016; 33:655-665. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Protein profile and protein interaction network of Moniliophthora perniciosa basidiospores. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:120. [PMID: 27342316 PMCID: PMC4919874 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Witches' broom, a disease caused by the basidiomycete Moniliophthora perniciosa, is considered to be the most important disease of the cocoa crop in Bahia, an area in the Brazilian Amazon, and also in the other countries where it is found. M. perniciosa germ tubes may penetrate into the host through intact or natural openings in the cuticle surface, in epidermis cell junctions, at the base of trichomes, or through the stomata. Despite its relevance to the fungal life cycle, basidiospore biology has not been extensively investigated. In this study, our goal was to optimize techniques for producing basidiospores for protein extraction, and to produce the first proteomics analysis map of ungerminated basidiospores. We then presented a protein interaction network by using Ustilago maydis as a model. RESULTS The average pileus area ranged from 17.35 to 211.24 mm(2). The minimum and maximum productivity were 23,200 and 6,666,667 basidiospores per basidiome, respectively. The protein yield in micrograms per million basidiospores were approximately 0.161; 2.307, and 3.582 for germination times of 0, 2, and 4 h after germination, respectively. A total of 178 proteins were identified through mass spectrometry. These proteins were classified according to their molecular function and their involvement in biological processes such as cellular energy production, oxidative metabolism, stress, protein synthesis, and protein folding. Furthermore, to better understand the expression pattern, signaling, and interaction events of spore proteins, we presented an interaction network using orthologous proteins from Ustilago maydis as a model. Most of the orthologous proteins that were identified in this study were not clustered in the network, but several of them play a very important role in hypha development and branching. CONCLUSIONS The quantities of basidiospores 7 × 10(9); 5.2 × 10(8), and 6.7 × 10(8) were sufficient to obtain enough protein mass for the three 2D-PAGE replicates, for the 0, 2, and 4 h-treatments, respectively. The protein extraction method that is based on sedimentation, followed by sonication with SDS-dense buffer, and phenolic extraction, which was utilized in this study, was effective, presenting a satisfactory resolution and reproducibility for M. perniciosa basidiospores. This report constitutes the first comprehensive study of protein expression during the ungerminated stage of the M. perniciosa basidiospore. Identification of the spots observed in the reference gel enabled us to know the main molecular interactions involved in the initial metabolic processes of fungal development.
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Li E, Ling J, Wang G, Xiao J, Yang Y, Mao Z, Wang X, Xie B. Comparative Proteomics Analyses of Two Races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans that Differ in Pathogenicity. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13663. [PMID: 26333982 PMCID: PMC4642580 DOI: 10.1038/srep13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum is a soil-inhabiting fungus that induces vascular wilt and root rot in a variety of plants. F. oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans (Foc), which comprises two races, can cause wilt disease in cabbage. Compared with race 1 (52557(-TM), R1), race 2 (58385(-TM), R2) exhibits much stronger pathogenicity. Here, we provide the first proteome reference maps for Foc mycelium and conidia and identify 145 proteins with different abundances among the two races. Of these proteins, most of the high-abundance proteins in the R2 mycelium and conidia are involved in carbohydrate, amino acid and ion metabolism, which indicates that these proteins may play important roles in isolate R2's stronger pathogenicity. The expression levels of 20 typical genes demonstrate similarly altered patterns compared to the proteomic analysis. The protein glucanosyltransferase, which is involved in carbohydrate metabolism, was selected for research. We knocked out the corresponding gene (gas1) and found that Foc-∆gas1 significantly reduced growth rate and virulence compared with wild type isolates. These results deepened our understanding of the proteins related to F. oxysporum pathogenicity in cabbage Fusarium wilt and provided new opportunities to control this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erfeng Li
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jian Ling
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Gang Wang
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiling Xiao
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuhong Yang
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xuchu Wang
- The Institute of Tropical Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou Hainan 571101, China
| | - Bingyan Xie
- The Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Chen L, Xia H, Wang Y, Chen K, Qin L, Wang B, Yao Q, Li J, He Y, Zhao E. Proteomic profiling of liver from Elaphe taeniura, a common snake in eastern and southeastern Asia. Genet Mol Biol 2013; 36:438-47. [PMID: 24130453 PMCID: PMC3795165 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572013000300020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Snake liver has been implicated in the adaptation of snakes to a variety of habitats. However, to date, there has been no systematic analysis of snake liver proteins. In this study, we undertook a proteomic analysis of liver from the colubrid snake Elaphe taeniura using a combination of two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flightmass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). We also constructed a local protein sequence database based on transcriptome sequencing to facilitate protein identification. Of the 268 protein spots revealed by 2-DE 109 gave positive MS signals, 84 of which were identified by searching the NCBInr, Swiss-Prot and local databases. The other 25 protein spots could not be identified, possibly because their transcripts were not be stable enough to be detected by transcriptome sequencing. GO analysis showed that most proteins may be involved in binding, catalysis, cellular processes and metabolic processes. Forty-two of the liver proteins identified were found in other reptiles and in amphibians. The findings of this study provide a good reference map of snake liver proteins that will be useful in molecular investigations of snake physiology and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-resources and Eco-environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Qiu J, Su Y, Gelbǐc I, Qiu Y, Xie X, Guan X. Proteomic analysis of proteins differentially expressed in conidia and mycelium of the entomopathogenic fungus Aschersonia placenta. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:1327-34. [DOI: 10.1139/w2012-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The infection of insects by the entomopathogenic fungus Aschersonia placenta depends on conidia. To identify proteins differentially expressed in A. placenta conidia vs mycelia, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of A. placenta using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). We detected 1022 2-DE protein spots in conidia and 1049 in mycelia and analyzed 48 (13 from conidia and 35 from mycelia) using MALDI-TOF-MS. Finally, we identified 28 proteins (7 from conidia and 21 from mycelia). The identified proteins exclusive to conidia included major proteins participating in oxidation–reduction processes and vegetative insecticidal protein 1 (Vip1), a protein that is likely involved in pathogenicity. The identified proteins exclusive to mycelia were those involved in biosynthesis and metabolism, including uridine diphosphate galactopyranose mutase, which might play key roles in hyphal morphogenesis. This report provides the first proteomic analysis of different developmental stages of an Aschersonia species. Although only a small number of proteins were identified, the data represent a useful foundation for future studies concerning the molecular basis of entomopathogenicity in the species A. placenta and in the genus Aschersonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yubin Su
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ivan Gelbǐc
- Biological Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Yunfeng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaocong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiong Guan
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, People’s Republic of China
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Park JA, Kim Y. Phospholipase A2 inhibitors in bacterial culture broth enhance pathogenicity of a fungus Nomuraea rileyi. J Microbiol 2012; 50:644-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-012-2108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Mao L, Jiang S, Wang B, Chen L, Yao Q, Chen K. Protein profile of Bacillus subtilis spore. Curr Microbiol 2011; 63:198-205. [PMID: 21667307 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-011-9967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural wild-type strains of Bacillus subtilis spore is regarded as a non-pathogenic for both human and animal, and has been classified as a novel food which is currently being used as probiotics added in the consumption. To identify B. subtilis spore proteins, we have accomplished a preliminary proteomic analysis of B. subtilis spore, with a combination of two-dimensional electrophoretic separations and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization tandem time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). In this article, we presented a reference map of 158 B. subtilis spore proteins with an isoelectric point (pI) between 4 and 7. Followed by mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, we identified 71 B. subtilis spore proteins with high level of confidence. Database searches, combined with hydropathy analysis and GO analysis revealed that most of the B. subtilis spore proteins were hydrophilic proteins related to catalytic function. These results should accelerate efforts to understand the resistance of spore to harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langyong Mao
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, #301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Barros BHR, da Silva SH, dos ReisMarques EDR, Rosa JC, Yatsuda AP, Roberts DW, Braga GUL. A proteomic approach to identifying proteins differentially expressed in conidia and mycelium of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium acridum. Fungal Biol 2010; 114:572-9. [PMID: 20943168 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2010.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2009] [Revised: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Metarhizium spp. is an important worldwide group of entomopathogenic fungi used as an interesting alternative to chemical insecticides in programs of agricultural pest and disease vector control. Metarhizium conidia are important in fungal propagation and also are responsible for host infection. Despite their importance, several aspects of conidial biology, including their proteome, are still unknown. We have established conidial and mycelial proteome reference maps for Metarhizium acridum using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In all, 1130±102 and 1200±97 protein spots were detected in ungerminated conidia and fast-growing mycelia, respectively. Comparison of the two protein-expression profiles reveled that only 35% of the protein spots were common to both developmental stages. Out of 94 2-DE protein spots (65 from conidia, 25 from mycelia and two common to both) analyzed using mass spectrometry, seven proteins from conidia, 15 from mycelia and one common to both stages were identified. The identified protein spots exclusive to conidia contained sequences similar to known fungal stress-protector proteins (such as heat shock proteins (HSP) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase) plus the fungal allergen Alt a 7, actin and the enzyme cobalamin-independent methionine synthase. The identified protein spots exclusive to mycelia included proteins involved in several cell housekeeping biological processes. Three proteins (HSP 90, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and allergen Alt a 7) were present in spots in conidial and mycelial gels, but they differed in their locations on the two gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno H R Barros
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil
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