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Derderian GP, Otenbaker N. A prospective study of patients with post treatment Lyme disease syndrome treated with modified VFEM energy. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2044-2048. [PMID: 38613155 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated a possible therapeutic benefit of VFEM (variable frequency electromagnetic energy) technology for the treatment of Post Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome (PTLDS) or Chronic Lyme Disease (CLD). As a result, we prospectively enrolled 10 patients, all having significant debility, to determine to what extent we could improve their quality of life. Eight patients completed the 10 treatments. RESULTS All eight patients had a significant improvement in quality of life within a 4-month time frame. CONCLUSION VFEM is a stand-alone modality that appears to demonstrate a significant improvement in quality of life in PTLDS or CLD with little or no risk or side effects of treatment.
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Askaripour K, Żak A. A systematic review on cellular responses of Escherichia coli to nonthermal electromagnetic irradiation. Bioelectromagnetics 2024; 45:16-29. [PMID: 37807247 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of Escherichia coli under electromagnetic fields is of significance in human studies owing to its short doubling time and human-like DNA mechanisms. The present review aims to systematically evaluate the literature to conclude causality between 0 and 300 GHz electromagnetic fields and biological effects in E. coli. To that end, the OHAT methodology and risk of bias tool were employed. Exponentially growing cells exposed for over 30 min at temperatures up to3 7 ∘ C $3{7}^{\circ }\,{\rm{C}}$ with fluctuations below1 ∘ C ${1}^{\circ }\,{\rm{C}}$ were included from the Web-of-Knowledge, PubMed, or EMF-Portal databases. Out of 904 records identified, 25 articles satisfied the selection criteria, with four excluded during internal validation. These articles examined cell growth (11 studies), morphology (three studies), and gene regulation (11 studies). Most experiments (85%) in the included studies focused on the extremely low-frequency (ELF) range, with 60% specifically at 50 Hz. Changes in growth rate were observed in 74% of ELF experiments and 71% of radio frequency (RF) experiments. Additionally, 80% of ELF experiments showed morphology changes, while gene expression changes were seen in 33% (ELF) and 50% (RF) experiments. Due to the limited number of studies, especially in the intermediate frequency and RF ranges, establishing correlations between EMF exposure and biological effects on E. coli is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Askaripour
- Department of Biomechatronics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Pomorskie, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Żak
- Department of Biomechatronics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Pomorskie, Poland
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3
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Mortazavi SMJ, Taheri M, Paknahad M, Khandadash S. Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields Emitted from Mobile Phones and Wi-Fi Router on the Growth Rate and Susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis to Antibiotics. J Biomed Phys Eng 2022; 12:387-394. [PMID: 36059281 PMCID: PMC9395628 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the last decade, people have been dramatically exposed to radiation emitted from widely-used radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) generating devices. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to RF-EMF emitted from smart phones and Wi-Fi routers on the growth rate and antibiotic sensitivity of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) as a pathogen in the root canals of teeth. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this experimental study, E. faecalis ATCC 19115 was used, characterized and confirmed by morphological and biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was measured for several common antibiotics. To perform antibiotic susceptibility tests, disk diffusion (Kirby-Bauer) method on Mueller-Hinton agar plates was used before and after exposure to RF-EMFs emitted from a commercial Wi-Fi router or a mobile phone simulator. Moreover, we measured the optical density at 625 nm after different exposure times using a calibrated UV-visible spectrophotometer to evaluate the effect of RF-EMF exposure on the bacterial growth rate. RESULTS Exposure to RF-EMF significantly altered the antimicrobial sensitivity of the E. faecalis. While, the susceptibility of the bacteria decreased significantly after 6 h of exposure, longer exposure time (e.g. exposure for 24 h) increased the susceptibility of the bacteria to all antibiotics. Furthermore, it was found that the bacteria tended to regress to their early state. Moreover, the non-exposed E. faecalis showed a slower growth rate than the bacteria exposed to RF-EMFs. CONCLUSION Exposure to RF-EMF emitted by Wi-Fi routers or mobile phone simulator can significantly change the antibiotic susceptibility and growth rate of E. faecalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- PhD, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, United States
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- PhD, Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Paknahad
- DDS, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- DDS, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Salar Khandadash
- MSc, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Movahedi MM, Nouri F, Tavakoli Golpaygani A, Ataee L, Amani S, Taheri M. Antibacterial Susceptibility Pattern of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus after Exposure to Electromagnetic Waves Emitted from Mobile Phone Simulator. J Biomed Phys Eng 2019; 9:637-646. [PMID: 32039094 PMCID: PMC6943849 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The increasing use of telecommunication devices such as Wi-Fi modems and mobile phones in the recent years can change the cellular structure of microorganisms so the generation of electromagnetic waves has led to concern in the community whenever be exposed to these fields and may have harmful effects on human health. Material and Methods: In this experimental study, standard strains of bacteria were prepared on Mueller-Hinton agar for bacterial growth to obtain 0.5 McFarland turbidity (1.5 × 108 CFU) of bacteria.
Antibiotic susceptibility test using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was done. For Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
antibiotics susceptibility test was conducted. The test group was exposed to electromagnetic waves emitted by mobile phone simulator with a frequency of 900 MHz and the control group were not exposed. Results: The results revealed that increasing duration of exposure to electromagnetic waves emitted by the mobile simulators with a frequency of 900 MHz especially after 24 h of exposure,
can increase bacterial resistance in S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. Conclusion: Several factors can cause bacterial resistance against antibiotics. One of these factors is the electromagnetic waves emitted from mobile simulator with a frequency of 900 MHz,
which can increase the permeability of the cell wall of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Movahedi
- PhD, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- PhD, Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Nouri
- PhD, Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - L Ataee
- MD, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Amani
- MD, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Taheri
- PhD, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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5
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Di Ciaula A. Towards 5G communication systems: Are there health implications? Int J Hyg Environ Health 2018; 221:367-375. [PMID: 29402696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The spread of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) is rising and health effects are still under investigation. RF-EMF promote oxidative stress, a condition involved in cancer onset, in several acute and chronic diseases and in vascular homeostasis. Although some evidences are still controversial, the WHO IARC classified RF-EMF as "possible carcinogenic to humans", and more recent studies suggested reproductive, metabolic and neurologic effects of RF-EMF, which are also able to alter bacterial antibiotic resistance. In this evolving scenario, although the biological effects of 5G communication systems are very scarcely investigated, an international action plan for the development of 5G networks has started, with a forthcoming increment in devices and density of small cells, and with the future use of millimeter waves (MMW). Preliminary observations showed that MMW increase skin temperature, alter gene expression, promote cellular proliferation and synthesis of proteins linked with oxidative stress, inflammatory and metabolic processes, could generate ocular damages, affect neuro-muscular dynamics. Further studies are needed to better and independently explore the health effects of RF-EMF in general and of MMW in particular. However, available findings seem sufficient to demonstrate the existence of biomedical effects, to invoke the precautionary principle, to define exposed subjects as potentially vulnerable and to revise existing limits. An adequate knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms linking RF-EMF exposure to health risk should also be useful in the current clinical practice, in particular in consideration of evidences pointing to extrinsic factors as heavy contributors to cancer risk and to the progressive epidemiological growth of noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agostino Di Ciaula
- Division of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Bisceglie (ASL BAT), Bisceglie, Italy; International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), Arezzo, Italy.
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6
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Soghomonyan D, Margaryan A, Trchounian K, Ohanyan K, Badalyan H, Trchounian A. The Effects of Low Doses of Gamma-Radiation on Growth and Membrane Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GRP3 and Escherichia coli M17. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 76:209-217. [PMID: 29039057 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are part of the natural environments and reflect the effects of different physical factors of surrounding environment, such as gamma (γ) radiation. This work was devoted to the study of the influence of low doses of γ radiation with the intensity of 2.56 μW (m2 s)-1 (absorbed doses were 3.8 mGy for the radiation of 15 min and 7.2 mGy-for 30 min) on Escherichia coli M-17 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa GRP3 wild type cells. The changes of bacterial, growth, survival, morphology, and membrane activity had been studied after γ irradiation. Verified microbiological (specific growth rate, lag phase duration, colony-forming units (CFU) number, and light microscopy digital image analysis), biochemical (ATPase activity of bacterial membrane vesicles), and biophysical (H+ fluxes throughout cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria) methods were used for assessment of radiation implications on bacteria. It was shown that growth specific rate, lag phase duration and CFU number of these bacteria were lowered after irradiation, and average cell surface area was decreased too. Moreover ion fluxes of bacteria were changed: for P. aeruginosa they were decreased and for E. coli-increased. The N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) sensitive fluxes were also changed which were indicative for the membrane-associated F0F1-ATPase enzyme. ATPase activity of irradiated membrane vesicles was decreased for P. aeruginosa and stimulated for E. coli. Furthermore, DCCD sensitive ATPase activity was also changed. The results obtained suggest that these bacteria especially, P. aeruginosa are sensitive to γ radiation and might be used for developing new monitoring methods for estimating environmental changes after γ irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Soghomonyan
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Margaryan
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Trchounian
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Ohanyan
- Department of Nuclear Physics, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - H Badalyan
- Department of General Physics and Astrophysics, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Trchounian
- Research Institute of Biology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Biotechnology, Yerevan State University, 1A. Manoogian, 0025, Yerevan, Armenia.
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7
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Nguyen THP, Pham VTH, Baulin V, Croft RJ, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. The effect of a high frequency electromagnetic field in the microwave range on red blood cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10798. [PMID: 28883444 PMCID: PMC5589725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of red blood cells (RBC) exposed to an 18 GHz electromagnetic field (EMF) was studied. The results of this study demonstrated for the first time that exposure of RBCs to 18 GHz EMF has the capacity to induce nanospheres uptake in RBCs. The uptake of nanospheres (loading efficiency 96% and 46% for 23.5 and 46.3 nm nanospheres respectively), their presence and locality were confirmed using three independent techniques, namely scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It appeared that 23.5 nm nanospheres were translocated through the membrane into the cytosol, while the 46.3 nm-nanospheres were mostly translocated through the phospholipid-cholesterol bilayer, with only some of these nanospheres passing the 2D cytoskeleton network. The nanospheres uptake increased by up to 12% with increasing temperature from 33 to 37 °C. The TEM analysis revealed that the nanospheres were engulfed by the cell membrane itself, and then translocated into the cytosol. It is believed that EMF-induced rotating water dipoles caused disturbance of the membrane, initiating its deformation and result in an enhanced degree of membrane trafficking via a quasi-exocytosis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Hong Phong Nguyen
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia
| | - Vy T H Pham
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia
| | - Vladimir Baulin
- Department d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 26 Av. dels Paisos Catalans, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rodney J Croft
- School of Psychology, Illawarra Health & Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | | | - Elena P Ivanova
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Vic, 3122, Australia.
- Australian Centre for Electromagnetic Bioeffects Research, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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8
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Taheri M, Mortazavi SMJ, Moradi M, Mansouri S, Hatam GR, Nouri F. Evaluation of the Effect of Radiofrequency Radiation Emitted From Wi-Fi Router and Mobile Phone Simulator on the Antibacterial Susceptibility of Pathogenic Bacteria Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli. Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325816688527. [PMID: 28203122 PMCID: PMC5298474 DOI: 10.1177/1559325816688527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mobile phones and Wi-Fi radiofrequency radiation are among the main sources of the exposure of the general population to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). Previous studies have shown that exposure of microorganisms to RF-EMFs can be associated with a wide spectrum of changes ranged from the modified bacterial growth to the alterations of the pattern of antibiotic resistance. Our laboratory at the nonionizing department of the Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center has performed experiments on the health effects of exposure to animal models and humans to different sources of electromagnetic fields such as cellular phones, mobile base stations, mobile phone jammers, laptop computers, radars, dentistry cavitrons, magnetic resonance imaging, and Helmholtz coils. On the other hand, we have previously studied different aspects of the challenging issue of the ionizing or nonionizing radiation-induced alterations in the susceptibility of microorganisms to antibiotics. In this study, we assessed if the exposure to 900 MHz GSM mobile phone radiation and 2.4 GHz radiofrequency radiation emitted from common Wi-Fi routers alters the susceptibility of microorganisms to different antibiotics. The pure cultures of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli were exposed to RF-EMFs generated either by a GSM 900 MHz mobile phone simulator and a common 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi router. It is also shown that exposure to RF-EMFs within a narrow level of irradiation (an exposure window) makes microorganisms resistant to antibiotics. This adaptive phenomenon and its potential threats to human health should be further investigated in future experiments. Altogether, the findings of this study showed that exposure to Wi-Fi and RF simulator radiation can significantly alter the inhibition zone diameters and growth rate for L monocytogenes and E coli. These findings may have implications for the management of serious infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Taheri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman Province, Iran
| | - S M J Mortazavi
- Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Medical Physics and Medical Engineering Department, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Moradi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman Province, Iran
| | - S Mansouri
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman Province, Iran
| | - G R Hatam
- Basic Sciences, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Nouri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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9
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Nguyen THP, Pham VTH, Nguyen SH, Baulin V, Croft RJ, Phillips B, Crawford RJ, Ivanova EP. The Bioeffects Resulting from Prokaryotic Cells and Yeast Being Exposed to an 18 GHz Electromagnetic Field. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158135. [PMID: 27391488 PMCID: PMC4938218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which various biological effects are triggered by exposure to an electromagnetic field are not fully understood and have been the subject of debate. Here, the effects of exposing typical representatives of the major microbial taxa to an 18 GHz microwave electromagnetic field (EMF)were studied. It appeared that the EMF exposure induced cell permeabilisation in all of the bacteria and yeast studied, while the cells remained viable (94% throughout the exposure), independent of the differences in cell membrane fatty acid and phospholipid composition. The resulting cell permeabilisation was confirmed by detection of the uptake of propidium iodine and 23 nm fluorescent silica nanospheres using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Upon EMF exposure, the bacterial cell membranes are believed to become permeable through quasi-endocytosis processes. The dosimetry analysis revealed that the EMF threshold level required to induce the uptake of the large (46 nm) nanopsheres was between three and six EMF doses, with a specific absorption rate (SAR) of 3 kW/kg and 5 kW/kg per exposure, respectively, depending on the bacterial taxa being studied. It is suggested that the taxonomic affiliation and lipid composition (e.g. the presence of phosphatidyl-glycerol and/or pentadecanoic fatty acid) may affect the extent of uptake of the large nanospheres (46 nm). Multiple 18 GHz EMF exposures over a one-hour period induced periodic anomalous increases in the cell growth behavior of two Staphylococcus aureus strains, namely ATCC 25923 and CIP 65.8T.
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Affiliation(s)
- The Hong Phong Nguyen
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Vy T. H. Pham
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Song Ha Nguyen
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Vladimir Baulin
- Department d’Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, 26 Av. dels Paisos Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Rodney J. Croft
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Brian Phillips
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Russell J. Crawford
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
| | - Elena P. Ivanova
- Faculty Science, Engineering and Technology, Swinburne University of Technology, PO Box 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Comparative Analysis of UV Irradiation Effects on Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacterial Cells Utilizing Biological and Computational Approaches. Cell Biochem Biophys 2016; 74:381-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-016-0748-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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11
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Soghomonyan D, Trchounian K, Trchounian A. Millimeter waves or extremely high frequency electromagnetic fields in the environment: what are their effects on bacteria? Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4761-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7538-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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The Enhanced Effects of Antibiotics Irradiated of Extremely High Frequency Electromagnetic Field on Escherichia coli Growth Properties. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 71:419-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-014-0215-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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13
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Comparable effects of low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation at the frequency of 51.8 and 53 GHz and antibiotic ceftazidime on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth and survival. Cell Biochem Biophys 2014; 67:829-35. [PMID: 23516095 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9571-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) with the frequencies of 51.8 and 53 GHz on Lactobacillus acidophilus growth and survival were revealed. These effects were compared with antibacterial effects of antibiotic ceftazidime. Decrease in bacterial growth rate by EMI was comparable with the inhibitory effect of ceftazidime (minimal inhibitory concentration-16 μM) and no enhanced action was observed with combined effects of EMI and the antibiotic. However, EMI-enhanced antibiotic inhibitory effect on bacterial survival. The kinetics of the bacterial suspension oxidation-reduction potential up to 24 h of the growth was changed by EMI and ceftazidime. The changes were more strongly expressed by combined effects of EMI and antibiotic especially up to 12 h. Moreover, EMI did not change overall energy (glucose)-dependent H(+) efflux across the membrane but it increased N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD)-inhibited H(+) efflux. In contrast, this EMI in combination with ceftazidime decreased DCCD-sensitive H(+) efflux. Low-intensity EMI had inhibitory effect on L. acidophilus bacterial growth and survival. The effect on bacterial survival was more significant in the combination with ceftazidime. The H(+)-translocating F 0 F 1-ATPase, for which DCCD is specific inhibitor, might be a target for EMI and ceftazidime. The revealed bactericide effects on L. acidophilus can be applied in biotechnology, food producing and safety technology.
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Torgomyan H, Ohanyan V, Blbulyan S, Trchounian A. Changes in ion transport through membranes, ATPase activity and antibiotics effects in Enterococcus hirae after low intensity electromagnetic irradiation of 51.8 and 53.0 GHz frequencies. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913040167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Escherichia coli Growth Changes by the Mediated Effects After Low-Intensity Electromagnetic Irradiation of Extremely High Frequencies. Cell Biochem Biophys 2012; 65:445-54. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-012-9448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Torgomyan H, Trchounian A. Escherichia coli membrane-associated energy-dependent processes and sensitivity toward antibiotics changes as responses to low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation of 70.6 and 73 GHz frequencies. Cell Biochem Biophys 2012; 62:451-61. [PMID: 22101511 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-011-9327-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli K-12(λ) was sensitive toward low-intensity (non-thermal, flux capacity 0.06 mW cm(-2)) electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) of extremely high frequency-70.6 and 73 GHz. 1 h exposure to EMI markedly depressed growth and cell viability of bacteria. Membrane-associated processes-total H(+) efflux and H(2) evaluation by whole cells during glucose fermentation were shown to be lowered as well. At the same time, the F(0)F(1)-ATPase activity of membrane vesicles was little depressed with 70.6 GHz irradiation only. This finding was in conformity with non-changed N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-sensitive H(+) efflux. Furthermore, for understanding the different frequencies action mechanisms, the effects of antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, kanamycin, and tetracycline) on irradiated cells growth and survival were determined. EMI with the frequencies of 70.6 and 73 GHz as with 51.8 and 53.0 GHz enhanced the sensitivity of bacteria toward antibiotics, but comparison revealed that each frequency had a different portion. Probably, EMI of specific frequency triggered changes in biological processes and afterward in growth and viability of bacteria, creating conditions when the action of antibiotics became facilitated.
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17
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Torgomyan H, Trchounian A. Bactericidal effects of low-intensity extremely high frequency electromagnetic field: an overview with phenomenon, mechanisms, targets and consequences. Crit Rev Microbiol 2012; 39:102-11. [DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2012.691461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Torgomyan H, Ohanyan V, Blbulyan S, Kalantaryan V, Trchounian A. Electromagnetic irradiation of Enterococcus hirae at low-intensity 51.8- and 53.0-GHz frequencies: changes in bacterial cell membrane properties and enhanced antibiotics effects. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2012; 329:131-7. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02512.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 01/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heghine Torgomyan
- Department of Biophysics; Faculty of Radiophysics; Yerevan State University; Yerevan; Armenia
| | - Vahe Ohanyan
- Department of Biophysics; Faculty of Radiophysics; Yerevan State University; Yerevan; Armenia
| | - Syuzanna Blbulyan
- Department of Medical Biology and Bioengineering; Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) State University; Yerevan; Armenia
| | - Vitaly Kalantaryan
- Department of Radiophysics of High Frequencies and Telecommunication; Faculty of Radiophysics; Yerevan State University; Yerevan; Armenia
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Cao Z, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhao Q, Xu X, Chen Y. Electromagnetic irradiation may be a new approach to therapy for peri-implantitis. Med Hypotheses 2012; 78:370-2. [PMID: 22249156 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 12/08/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Peri-implantitis can lead to bone destruction around a dental implant through inflammation and immune reactions caused by bacteria adhering to the surface of the implant abutment. Electromagnetic irradiation can inhibit bacterial growth, increase bone formation, decrease bone resorption and reduce the inflammatory response. Our hypothesis is that electromagnetic irradiation may be a new treatment approach for peri-implantitis and may simultaneously maintain bone mass around the dental implant. The results would be more significant when combined with other agents, because the effect of some antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs is strengthened by electromagnetic irradiation. This non-invasive therapy is expected to be conducted in a convenient manner, and even by patients at home, thereby facilitating the prevention and treatment of peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Cao
- Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, PR China
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Torgomyan H, Trchounian A. Low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation of 70.6 and 73 GHz frequencies enhances the effects of disulfide bonds reducer on Escherichia coli growth and affects the bacterial surface oxidation-reduction state. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 414:265-9. [PMID: 21951849 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Low-intensity electromagnetic irradiation (EMI) of 70.6 and 73 GHz frequencies (flux capacity - 0.06 mW cm(-2)) had bactericidal effects on Escherichia coli. This EMI (1h) exposure suppressed the growth of E. coli K-12(λ). The pH value (6.0-8.0) did not significantly affect the growth. The lag-phase duration was prolonged, and the growth specific rate was inhibited, and these effects were more noticeable after 73 GHz irradiation. These effects were enhanced by the addition of DL-dithiothreitol (DTT), a strong reducer of disulfide bonds in surface membrane proteins, which in its turn also has bactericidal effect. Further, the number of accessible SH-groups in membrane vesicles was markedly decreased by EMI that was augmented by N,N'-dicyclohexycarbodiimide and DTT. These results indicate a change in the oxidation-reduction state of bacterial cell membrane proteins that could be the primary membranous mechanism in the bactericidal effects of low-intensity EMI of the 70.6 and 73 GHz frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heghine Torgomyan
- Department of Biophysics of Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, Yerevan 0025, Armenia
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