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Liu P, Du J, Zhang J, Wang J, Gu W, Wang W, Meng Q. The structural and proteomic analysis of Spiroplasma eriocheiris in response to colchicine. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8577. [PMID: 29872058 PMCID: PMC5988712 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26614-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiroplasma eriocheiris, a pathogen that causes mass mortality of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis, is a wall less bacteria and belongs to the Mollicutes. This study was designed to investigate the effects of colchicine on S. eriocheiris growth, cell morphology, and proteins expression. We found that in the presence of colchicine, the spiroplasma cells lost their helicity, and the length of the cells in the experimental group was longer than that of the control. With varying concentrations of the colchicine treatment, the total time to achieve a stationary phase of the spiroplasma was increased, and the cell population was decreased. The virulence ability of S. eriocheiris to E. sinensis was effectively reduced in the presence of colchicine. To expound the toxical mechanism of colchicine on S. eriocheiris, 208 differentially expressed proteins of S. eriocheiris were reliably quantified by iTRAQ analysis, including 77 up-regulated proteins and 131 down-regulated proteins. Especially, FtsY, putative Spiralin, and NADH oxidase were down-regulated. F0F1 ATP synthase subunit delta, ParB, DNABs, and NAD(FAD)-dependent dehydrogenase were up-regulated. A qRT-PCR was conducted to detect 7 expressed genes from the iTRAQ results during the incubation. The qRT-PCR results were consistent with the iTRAQ results. All of our results indicate that colchicine have a strong impact on the cell morphology and cellular metabolism of S. eriocheiris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.,Department of Biology, College of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, P.R. China.,Hunan Province cooperative innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, 421001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes & Functional Genomics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Aquatic Crustacean Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Stubborn Disease in Iran: Diversity of Spiroplasma citri Strains in Circulifer haematoceps Leafhoppers Collected in Sesame Fields in Fars Province. Curr Microbiol 2016; 74:239-246. [PMID: 27995305 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-016-1180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Spiroplasma citri is a bacterial pathogen responsible for the economically important citrus stubborn disease. Sesame and citrus seeds serve as hosts for both S. citri and its leafhopper vector Circulifer haematoceps. To evaluate whether sesame could act as a reservoir for citrus-infecting strains or not, the genetic diversity among S. citri strains found in leafhoppers collected in citrus and citrus-free sesame fields was investigated. Among 26 periwinkle plants exposed to the collected C. haematoceps leafhoppers, 12 plants developed typical stubborn symptoms. All symptomatic periwinkles were polymerase chain reaction positive using S. citri-specific primer pairs targeting the spiralin and P89 genes. Phylogenetic trees based on spiralin gene sequence analysis indicated that the novel field-collected strains clustered with those belonging to two formerly defined S. citri groups (groups 6 and 1). In addition, our results strongly suggest that group 1 strains could be transmitted from sesame-infected plants to citrus trees by C. haematoceps, while group 6 strains may not infect citrus trees.
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Bolaños LM, Servín-Garcidueñas LE, Martínez-Romero E. Arthropod-Spiroplasma relationship in the genomic era. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 91:1-8. [PMID: 25764543 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiu008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Spiroplasma comprises wall-less, low-GC bacteria that establish pathogenic, mutualistic and commensal symbiotic associations with arthropods and plants. This review focuses on the symbiotic relationships between Spiroplasma bacteria and arthropod hosts in the context of the available genomic sequences. Spiroplasma genomes are reduced and some contain highly repetitive plectrovirus-related sequences. Spiroplasma's diversity in viral invasion susceptibility, virulence factors, substrate utilization, genome dynamics and symbiotic associations with arthropods make this bacterial genus a biological model that provides insights about the evolutionary traits that shape bacterial symbiotic relationships with eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Bolaños
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Luis E Servín-Garcidueñas
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Romero
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
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