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Sarmikasoglou E, Sumadong P, Roesch LFW, Halima S, Arriola K, Yuting Z, Jeong KCC, Vyas D, Hikita C, Watanabe T, Faciola A. Effects of cashew nut shell extract and monensin on in vitro ruminal fermentation, methane production, and ruminal bacterial community. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:840-856. [PMID: 37730175 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of cashew nut shell extract (CNSE) and monensin on ruminal in vitro fermentation, CH4 production, and ruminal bacterial community structure. Treatments were as follows: control (CON, basal diet without additives); 2.5 μM monensin (MON); 0.1 mg CNSE granule/g DM (CNSE100); and 0.2 mg CNSE granule/g DM (CNSE200). Each treatment was incubated with 52 mL of buffered ruminal content and 500 mg of total mixed ration for 24 h using serum vials. The experiment was performed as a complete randomized block design with 3 runs. Run was used as a blocking factor. Each treatment had 5 replicates, in which 2 were used to determine nutrient degradability, and 3 were used to determine pH, NH3-N, volatile fatty acids, lactate, total gas, CH4 production, and bacterial community composition. Treatment responses for all data, excluding bacterial abundance, were analyzed with the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS v9.4. Treatment responses for bacterial community structure were analyzed with a PERMANOVA test run with the R package vegan. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test the effects of (1) additive inclusion (ADD: CON vs. MON, CNSE100, and CNSE200); (2) additive type (MCN: MON vs. CNSE100 and CNSE200); and (3) CNSE dose (DOS: CNSE100 vs. CNSE200). We observed that pH, acetate, and acetate:propionate ratio in the CNSE100 treatment were lower compared with CNSE200, and propionate in the CNSE100 treatment was greater compared with CNSE200. Compared with MON, CNSE treatments tended to decrease total lactate concentration. Total gas production of CON was greater by 2.63% compared with all treatments, and total CH4 production was reduced by 10.64% in both CNSE treatments compared with MON. Also, compared with MON, in vitro dry matter degradabilities in CNSE treatments were lower. No effects were observed for NH3-N or in vitro neutral detergent fiber degradability. Finally, the relative abundances of Prevotella, Treponema, and Schwartzia were lower, whereas the relative abundances of Butyrivibrio and Succinivibrio were greater in all treatments compared with CON. Overall, the inclusion of CNSE decreased CH4 production compared with MON, making CNSE a possible CH4 mitigation additive in dairy cattle diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Sarmikasoglou
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - P Sumadong
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - L F W Roesch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32603
| | - S Halima
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - K Arriola
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Z Yuting
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - K C C Jeong
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - D Vyas
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - C Hikita
- SDS Biotech K.K., Tokyo, Japan 101-0022
| | | | - A Faciola
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
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Tang Y, Huang L, Sun X, Ren C, Liu TW, Wu W, Zhang Z, Zhu W. Effects of allicin on growth performance, antioxidant profile, and microbiota compared to monensin of growing goats. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13917. [PMID: 38323750 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Allicin is a sulfur-containing compound extracted from raw garlic (Allium sativum L.). We compared the effect of allicin addition on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and rumen microbiota of goats compared to monensin. Twenty-four Anhui white goats were assigned randomly to one of three dietary treatments: 1) a basal diet (CON); 2) the basal diet with allicin addition at 750 mg per head per day (AC); 3) the basal diet with monensin addition at 30 mg per kg of diet (MS). Animals were fed for 8 weeks. Results showed the average daily gain, and feed efficiency was increased with allicin and monensin addition. Serum levels of IgG, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were higher in the AC group than those in the CON and MS groups. The microbiota analysis revealed that monensin addition mainly affected genera related to carbohydrate and protein metabolism, and allicin mainly affected genera related to energy metabolism and intestinal health. In conclusion, allicin could improve growth performance and have advantages over monensin in improving the antioxidant capacity and immune function of goats. Allicin may be a potential alternative to monensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Li Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Xinyang Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Chunhuan Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Tian Wei Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wenxuan Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zijun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
| | - Wen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China
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Sarmikasoglou E, Sumadong P, Roesch LF, Halima S, Hikita C, Watanabe T, Faciola A. Effects of monensin and cashew nut-shell extract on bacterial community composition in a dual-flow continuous culture system. Transl Anim Sci 2023; 8:txad148. [PMID: 38221956 PMCID: PMC10787353 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txad148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of including monensin and two doses of CNSE in a high producing dairy cow diet on ruminal bacterial communities. A dual-flow continuous culture system was used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin Square design. A basal diet was formulated to meet the requirements of a cow producing 45 kg of milk per d (17% crude protein and 27% starch). There were four experimental treatments: the basal diet without any feed additive (CON), 2.5 μM monensin (MON), 100 ppm CNSE granule (CNSE100), and 200 ppm CNSE granule (CNSE200). Samples were collected from the fluid and solid effluents at 3, 6, and 9 h after feeding; a composite of all time points was made for each fermenter within their respective fractions. Bacterial community composition was analyzed by sequencing the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Treatment responses for bacterial community structure were analyzed with the PERMANOVA test run with the R Vegan package. Treatment responses for correlations were analyzed with the CORR procedure of SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test the effects of (1) ADD (CON vs. MON, CNSE100, and CNSE200); (2) MCN (MON vs. CNSE100 and CNSE200); and (3) DOSE (CNSE100 vs. CNSE200). Significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. We observed that the relative abundance of Sharpea (P < 0.01), Mailhella (P = 0.05), Ruminococcus (P = 0.03), Eubacterium (P = 0.01), and Coprococcus (P < 0.01) from the liquid fraction and the relative abundance of Ruminococcus (P = 0.03) and Catonella (P = 0.02) from the solid fraction decreased, while the relative abundance of Syntrophococcus (P = 0.02) increased in response to MON when compared to CNSE treatments. Our results demonstrate that CNSE and monensin have similar effects on the major ruminal bacterial genera, while some differences were observed in some minor genera. Overall, the tested additives would affect the ruminal fermentation in a similar pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Sarmikasoglou
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611 FL, USA
| | - Phussorn Sumadong
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611 FL, USA
- Department of Animal Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Luiz Fernando Roesch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32603 FL, USA
| | - Sultana Halima
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611 FL, USA
| | - Chie Hikita
- Product Development Department, SDS Biotech K.K., Tokyo 101-0022, Japan
| | - Tomonori Watanabe
- Product Development Department, SDS Biotech K.K., Tokyo 101-0022, Japan
| | - Antonio P Faciola
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611 FL, USA
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Guo X, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Yao J, Li Z. Ruminal Bacterial Community Successions in Response to Monensin Supplementation in Goats. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172291. [PMID: 36078011 PMCID: PMC9454474 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Monensin has been successfully used in the ruminants’ diets to manipulate ruminal fermentation and improve feed efficiency, but its use is facing decreased levels of social acceptance due to the potential impacts on public health. Understanding the ruminal bacterial community successions in response to monensin supplementation would help the search for alternatives. We found that the ruminal ecosystem was reshaped through a series of succession processes during the adaption to monensin rather than following a clear dichotomy between Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell types, and the carbohydrate-degrading bacteria presented a higher adaptability. Therefore, a potential alternative for monensin as a rumen modifier could be one with similar patterns of ruminal microbial community successions. Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated that the effects of monensin on methanogenesis and ruminal fermentation in ruminants were time-dependent. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we investigated the ruminal bacterial community successions during the adaptation to monensin supplementation and subsequent withdrawal in goats. The experiment included a baseline period of 20 days followed by a treatment period of 55 days with 32 mg monensin/d and a washout period of 15 days. Monensin supplementation reduced the α diversity and changed the structure of ruminal microflora. The α diversity was gradually restored during adaption, but the structure was still reshaped. The temporal dynamics of 261 treatment- and/or time-associated ruminal bacteria displayed six patterns, with two as monensin-sensitive and four as monensin-resistant. The monensin sensitivity and resistance of microbes do not follow a clear dichotomy between Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell types. Moreover, the temporal dynamic patterns of different bacterial species within the same genus or family also displayed variation. Of note, the relative abundance of the total ruminal cellulolytic bacteria gradually increased following monensin treatment, and that of the total amylolytic bacteria were increased by monensin, independent of the duration. In conclusion, under the pressure of monensin, the ruminal ecosystem was reshaped through a series of succession processes, and the carbohydrate-degrading bacteria presented a higher level of adaptability.
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Effects of Ionophores on Ruminal Function of Beef Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102871. [PMID: 34679890 PMCID: PMC8532634 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionophores have been widely used in the beef and dairy industry for decades to improve feed efficiency and performance by altering ruminal fermentation dynamics, increasing the level of propionate. Ionophores can also reduce ruminal proteolysis and ammonia synthesis, thus increasing the influx of protein into the small intestine in cattle, leading to improvements in performance and efficiency responses. Ionophores indirectly impact ruminal methanogenesis by decreasing the substrate used to produce methane. Despite the consistent benefits of using ionophores in cattle nutrition, their utilization is under public scrutiny due to concerns related to microbial adaptation. However, there is inconsistent evidence supporting these concerns, whereas ionophores are still an important dietary tool to enhance productivity and profitability in beef production systems.
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Witzig M, Zeder M, Rodehutscord M. Effect of the ionophore monensin and tannin extracts supplemented to grass silage on populations of ruminal cellulolytics and methanogens in vitro. Anaerobe 2018; 50:44-54. [PMID: 29408017 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether the methane-decreasing effect of monensin (∼21%) and different hydrolysable tannins (24%-65%) during in vitro fermentation of grass silage was accompanied by changes in abundances of cellulolytics and methanogens. Samples of liquid (LAM) and solid (SAM) associated microbes were obtained from two rumen simulation technique experiments in which grass silage was either tested in combination with monensin (0, 2 or 4 mg d-1) or with different tannin extracts from chestnut, valonea, sumac and grape seed (0 or 1.5 g d-1). Total prokaryotes were quantified by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindol (DAPI) staining of paraformaldehyde-ethanol-fixed cells and relative abundances of ruminal cellulolytic and methanogenic species were assessed by real time quantitative PCR. Results revealed no change in absolute numbers of prokaryotic cells with monensin treatment, neither in LAM nor in SAM. By contrast, supplementation of chestnut and grape seed tannins decreased total prokaryotic counts compared to control. However, relative abundances of total methanogens did not differ between tannin treatments. Thus, the decreased methane production by 65% and 24% observed for chestnut and grape seed tannins, respectively, may have been caused by a lower total number of methanogens, but methane production seemed to be also dependent on changes in the microbial community composition. While the relative abundance of F. succinogenes decreased with monensin addition, chestnut and valonea tannins inhibited R. albus. Moreover, a decline in relative abundances of Methanobrevibacter sp., especially M. ruminantium, and Methanosphaera stadtmanae was shown with supplementation of monensin or chestnut tannins. Proportions of Methanomicrobium mobile were decreased by monensin in LAM while chestnut and valonea had an increasing effect on this methanogenic species. Our results demonstrate a different impact of monensin and tannins on ruminal cellulolytics and gave indication that methane decrease by monensin and chestnut tannins was associated with decreased abundances of M. ruminantium and M. stadtmanae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Witzig
- Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - M Zeder
- Technobiology GmbH, 6033 Buchrain, Switzerland
| | - M Rodehutscord
- Universität Hohenheim, Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
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Li ZJ, Ren H, Liu SM, Cai CJ, Han JT, Li F, Yao JH. Dynamics of methanogenesis, ruminal fermentation, and alfalfa degradation during adaptation to monensin supplementation in goats. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:1048-1059. [PMID: 29248222 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the temporal (hourly within a day and daily over the long term) effects of monensin on CH4 emissions, ruminal fermentation, and in situ alfalfa degradation in dairy goats during dietary monensin supplementation by controlling the confounding effects of feed intake and ambient temperature. Six ruminally cannulated dairy goats were used, and they were housed in environmental chambers and fed a restricted amount of ration throughout the experiment. The experiment included a baseline period of 20 d followed by a treatment period of 55 d with 32 mg of monensin/d. During the whole experiment, CH4 production was measured every 5 d, whereas fermentation characteristics and in situ alfalfa degradation were analyzed every 10 d. The CH4-depressing effect of monensin was time dependent on the duration of treatment, highly effective at d 5 but thereafter decreased gradually until d 55 even though CH4-suppressing effect still remained significant. The decreasing effects of monensin on ruminal acetate proportion and acetate to propionate ratio also faded over days of treatment, and the acetate proportion returned up to the pre-supplementation level on d 50. Monensin supplementation elevated ruminal propionate proportion and decreased the effective ruminal degradability of alfalfa NDF, but both measurements tended to recover over time. The postprandial increase rate of hourly CH4 emissions was reduced, whereas that of propionate proportion was enhanced by monensin supplementation. However, the postprandial responses to monensin in CH4 emission rates, ruminal VFA profiles, and in situ degradation kinetics declined with both hours after feeding and days of treatment. Our results suggest that the CH4-suppressing effect of monensin supplementation in goats was attributed to reductions in both ruminal feed degradation and acetate to propionate ratio, but those reductions faded with time, hours after feeding, and days of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - H Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - S M Liu
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - C J Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - J T Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - F Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - J H Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Kim M, Park T, Yu Z. Metagenomic investigation of gastrointestinal microbiome in cattle. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1515-1528. [PMID: 28830126 PMCID: PMC5666186 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.17.0544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the rumen and the other intestinal segments of cattle, harbors a diverse, complex, and dynamic microbiome that drives feed digestion and fermentation in cattle, determining feed efficiency and output of pollutants. This microbiome also plays an important role in affecting host health. Research has been conducted for more than a century to understand the microbiome and its relationship to feed efficiency and host health. The traditional cultivation-based research elucidated some of the major metabolism, but studies using molecular biology techniques conducted from late 1980’s to the late early 2000’s greatly expanded our view of the diversity of the rumen and intestinal microbiome of cattle. Recently, metagenomics has been the primary technology to characterize the GI microbiome and its relationship with host nutrition and health. This review addresses the main methods/techniques in current use, the knowledge gained, and some of the challenges that remain. Most of the primers used in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction quantification and diversity analysis using metagenomics of ruminal bacteria, archaea, fungi, and protozoa were also compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseok Kim
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Tansol Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Schären M, Drong C, Kiri K, Riede S, Gardener M, Meyer U, Hummel J, Urich T, Breves G, Dänicke S. Differential effects of monensin and a blend of essential oils on rumen microbiota composition of transition dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:2765-2783. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Patra A, Park T, Kim M, Yu Z. Rumen methanogens and mitigation of methane emission by anti-methanogenic compounds and substances. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2017; 8:13. [PMID: 28149512 PMCID: PMC5270371 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-017-0145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanogenic archaea reside primarily in the rumen and the lower segments of the intestines of ruminants, where they utilize the reducing equivalents derived from rumen fermentation to reduce carbon dioxide, formic acid, or methylamines to methane (CH4). Research on methanogens in the rumen has attracted great interest in the last decade because CH4 emission from ruminants contributes to global greenhouse gas emission and represents a loss of feed energy. Some DNA-based phylogenetic studies have depicted a diverse and dynamic community of methanogens in the rumen. In the past decade, researchers have focused on elucidating the underpinning that determines and affects the diversity, composition, structure, and dynamics of methanogen community of the rumen. Concurrently, many researchers have attempted to develop and evaluate interventions to mitigate enteric CH4 emission. Although much work has been done using plant secondary metabolites, other approaches such as using nitrate and 3-nitrooxy propanol have also yielded promising results. Most of these antimethanogenic compounds or substances often show inconsistent results among studies and also lead to adverse effects on feed intake and digestion and other aspects of rumen fermentation when fed at doses high enough to achieve effective mitigation. This review provides a brief overview of the rumen methanogens and then an appraisal of most of the antimethanogenic compounds and substances that have been evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. Knowledge gaps and future research needs are also discussed with a focus on methanogens and methane mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amlan Patra
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 2029 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.,Department of Animal Nutrition, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37 K. B. Sarani, Belgachia, Kolkata, 700037 India
| | - Tansol Park
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 2029 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Minseok Kim
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Team, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Zhongtang Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, 2029 Fyffe Road, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Yao Q, Li Y, Meng Q, Zhou Z. The effect of calcium propionate on the ruminal bacterial community composition in finishing bulls. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016; 30:495-504. [PMID: 27660024 PMCID: PMC5394835 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Manipulating the fermentation to improve the performance of the ruminant has attracted the attention of both farmers and animal scientists. Propionate salt supplementation in the diet could disturb the concentration of propionate and total volatile fatty acids in the rumen. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of calcium propionate supplementation on the ruminal bacterial community composition in finishing bulls. Methods Eight finishing bulls were randomly assigned to control group (CONT) and calcium propionate supplementation (PROP) feeding group, with four head per group. The control group was fed normal the total mixed ration (TMR) finishing diet, and PROP group was fed TMR supplemented with 200 g/d calcium propionate. At the end of the 51-day feeding trial, all bulls were slaughtered and rumen fluid was collected from each of the animals. Results Propionate supplementation had no influence the rumen fermentation parameters (p>0.05). Ruminal bacterial community composition was analyzed by sequencing of hypervariable V3 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. The most abundant phyla were the Firmicutes (60.68%) and Bacteroidetes (23.67%), followed by Tenericutes (4.95%) and TM7 (3.39%). The predominant genera included Succiniclasticum (9.43%), Butyrivibrio (3.74%), Ruminococcus (3.46%) and Prevotella (2.86%). Bacterial community composition in the two groups were highly similar, except the abundance of Tenericutes declined along with the calcium propionate supplementation (p = 0.0078). Conclusion These data suggest that the ruminal bacterial community composition is nearly unchanged by propionate supplementation in finishing bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Qingxiang Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Zhenming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing 100094, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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Firkins JL, Yu Z. RUMINANT NUTRITION SYMPOSIUM: How to use data on the rumen microbiome to improve our understanding of ruminant nutrition1,2. J Anim Sci 2015; 93:1450-70. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2014-8754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Firkins
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - Z. Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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