1
|
Sresung M, Paisantham P, Ruksakul P, Kongprajug A, Chyerochana N, Gallage TP, Srathongneam T, Rattanakul S, Maneein S, Surasen C, Passananon S, Mongkolsuk S, Sirikanchana K. Microbial source tracking using molecular and cultivable methods in a tropical mixed-use drinking water source to support water safety plans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162689. [PMID: 36898534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microbial contamination deteriorates source water quality, posing a severe problem for drinking water suppliers worldwide and addressed by the Water Safety Plan framework to ensure high-quality and reliable drinking water. Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollution sources via host-specific intestinal markers for humans and different types of animals. However, the application of MST in tropical surface water catchments that provide raw water for drinking water supplies is limited. We analyzed a set of MST markers, namely, three cultivable bacteriophages and four molecular PCR and qPCR assays, together with 17 microbial and physicochemical parameters, to identify fecal pollution from general, human-, swine-, and cattle-specific sources. Seventy-two river water samples at six sampling sites were collected over 12 sampling events during wet and dry seasons. We found persistent fecal contamination via the general fecal marker GenBac3 (100 % detection; 2.10-5.42 log10 copies/100 mL), with humans (crAssphage; 74 % detection; 1.62-3.81 log10 copies/100 mL) and swine (Pig-2-Bac; 25 % detection; 1.92-2.91 log10 copies/100 mL). Higher contamination levels were observed during the wet season (p < 0.05). The conventional PCR screening used for the general and human markers showed 94.4 % and 69.8 % agreement with the respective qPCR results. Specifically, in the studied watershed, coliphage could be a screening parameter for the crAssphage marker (90.6 % and 73.7 % positive and negative predictive values; Spearman's rank correlation coefficient = 0.66; p < 0.001). The likelihood of detecting the crAssphage marker significantly increased when total and fecal coliforms exceeded 20,000 and 4000 MPN/100 mL, respectively, as Thailand Surface Water Quality Standards, with odds ratios and 95 % confidence intervals of 15.75 (4.43-55.98) and 5.65 (1.39-23.05). Our study confirms the potential benefits of incorporating MST monitoring into water safety plans, supporting the use of this approach to ensure high-quality drinking water supplies worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Montakarn Sresung
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Phongsawat Paisantham
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Pacharaporn Ruksakul
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Akechai Kongprajug
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Natcha Chyerochana
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Tharindu Pollwatta Gallage
- Program in Environmental Toxicology, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Thitima Srathongneam
- Program in Applied Biological Sciences, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Surapong Rattanakul
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Siriwara Maneein
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Chatsinee Surasen
- Water Resources and Environment Department, Metropolitan Waterworks Authority, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Somsak Passananon
- Line of Deputy Governor (Water Production), Metropolitan Waterworks Authority, Bangkok 10210, Thailand
| | - Skorn Mongkolsuk
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kwanrawee Sirikanchana
- Research Laboratory of Biotechnology, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok 10210, Thailand; Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT), OPS, MHESI, Bangkok, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ramírez-Bayard IE, Mejía F, Medina-Sánchez JR, Cornejo-Reyes H, Castillo M, Querol-Audi J, Martínez-Torres AO. Prevalence of Plasmid-Associated Tetracycline Resistance Genes in Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Environmental, Animal and Human Samples in Panama. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:280. [PMID: 36830191 PMCID: PMC9952377 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance bacteria are nowadays ubiquitous. Its presence has been reported in almost every type of source, from water for agricultural and recreative use, water distribution pipes, and wastewater, to food, fomites, and clinical samples. Enterobacteriaceae, especially Escherichia coli, are not the exception, showing an increased resistance to several antibiotics, causing a global health and economic burden. Therefore, the monitoring of fecal microbiota is important because it is present in numerous reservoirs where gene transfer between commensal and virulent bacteria can take place, representing a potential source of resistant E. coli. In this work, antibiotic resistance profiles of 150 E. coli isolates from environmental, animal, and human samples, collected in three rural areas in Panama, were analyzed. A total of 116 isolates were resistant to at least one of the nine antibiotics tested. Remarkably, almost 100% of these exhibited resistance to tetracycline. Plasmid-associated tetA and tetB genes were detected in 42.86% of the isolates analyzed, tetA being the most prevalent. These results suggest that tetracycline resistance would be used as a convenient indicator of genetic horizontal transfer within a community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. E. Ramírez-Bayard
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
| | - F. Mejía
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
| | - J. R. Medina-Sánchez
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
| | - H. Cornejo-Reyes
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
| | | | - J. Querol-Audi
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816, Panama
| | - A. O. Martínez-Torres
- Experimental and Applied Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Water Microbiology Laboratory, Vice Rectory of Research and Postgraduate Affairs, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Master in Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, Universidad de Panamá, Panama City 0820, Panama
- Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI), SENACYT, Panama City 0816, Panama
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Impact of point sources on antibiotic resistance genes in the natural environment: a systematic review of the evidence. Anim Health Res Rev 2017; 18:112-127. [DOI: 10.1017/s146625231700007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere is a growing concern about the role of the environment in the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG). In this systematic review, we summarize evidence for increases of ARG in the natural environment associated with potential sources of ARB and ARG such as agricultural facilities and wastewater treatment plants. A total of 5247 citations were identified, including studies that ascertained both ARG and ARB outcomes. All studies were screened for relevance to the question and methodology. This paper summarizes the evidence only for those studies with ARG outcomes (n= 24). Sixteen studies were at high (n= 3) or at unclear (n= 13) risk of bias in the estimation of source effects due to lack of information or failure to control for confounders. Statistical methods were used in nine studies; three studies assessed the effect of multiple sources using modeling approaches, and none reported effect measures. Most studies reported higher ARG concentration downstream/near the source, but heterogeneous findings hindered making any sound conclusions. To quantify increases of ARG in the environment due to specific point sources, there is a need for studies that emphasize analytic or design control of confounding, and that provide effect measure estimates.
Collapse
|