1
|
Miho H, Expósito-Díaz A, Marquez-Perez MI, Ledesma-Escobar C, Diez CM, Prusky D, Priego-Capote F, Moral J. The dynamic changes in olive fruit phenolic metabolism and its contribution to the activation of quiescent Colletotrichum infection. Food Chem 2024; 450:139299. [PMID: 38613962 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Anthracnose, the most critical disease affecting olive fruits, is caused by Colletotrichum species. While developing olive fruits are immune to the pathogen regardless of the cultivar, the resistance level varies once the fruit ripens. The defense mechanisms responsible for this difference in resistance are not well understood. To explore this, we analyzed the phenolic metabolic pathways occurring in olive fruits and their susceptibility to the pathogen during ripening in two resistant cultivars ('Empeltre' and 'Frantoio') and two susceptible cultivars ('Hojiblanca' and 'Picudo'). Overall, resistant cultivars induced the synthesis of aldehydic and demethylated forms of phenols, which highly inhibited fungal spore germination. In contrast, susceptible cultivars promoted the synthesis of hydroxytyrosol 4-O-glucoside during ripening, a compound with no antifungal effect. This study showed that the distinct phenolic profiles between resistant and susceptible cultivars play a key role in determining olive fruit resistance to Colletotrichum species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Miho
- Department of Agronomy, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain.
| | - A Expósito-Díaz
- Department of Agronomy, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain
| | - M I Marquez-Perez
- Department of Agronomy, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain
| | - C Ledesma-Escobar
- Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - C M Diez
- Department of Agronomy, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain
| | - D Prusky
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeTzion, Israel
| | - F Priego-Capote
- Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, Spain.
| | - J Moral
- Department of Agronomy, Campus of Rabanales, University of Cordoba, Spain; Agroalimentary Excellence Campus (ceiA3), University of Cordoba, Campus of Rabanales, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang K, Zhou G, Chen C, Liu X, Wei L, Zhu F, Liang Z, Chen H. Joint metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis identify unique phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds associated with resistance to fusarium wilt in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1447860. [PMID: 39170788 PMCID: PMC11335689 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1447860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc) is a destructive soil-borne disease in cucumber (Cucumis sativus. L). However, there remains limited knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying FW resistance-mediated defense responses in cucumber. Methods In this study, metabolome and transcriptome profiling were carried out for two FW resistant (NR) and susceptible (NS), near isogenic lines (NILs) before and after Foc inoculation. NILs have shown consistent and stable resistance in multiple resistance tests conducted in the greenhouse and in the laboratory. A widely targeted metabolomic analysis identified differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) with significantly greater NR accumulation in response to Foc infection, including many phenolic acid and flavonoid compounds from the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Results Transcriptome analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the NILs upon Foc inoculation including genes for secondary metabolite biosynthesis and transcription factor genes regulating the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Joint analysis of the metabolomic and transcriptomic data identified DAMs and DEGs closely associated with the biosynthesis of phenolic acid and flavonoid DAMs. The association of these compounds with NR-conferred FW resistance was exemplified by in vivo assays. These assays found two phenolic acid compounds, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and diisooctyl phthalate, as well as the flavonoid compound gallocatechin 3-O-gallate to have significant inhibitory effects on Foc growth. The antifungal effects of these three compounds represent a novel finding. Discussion Therefore, phenolic acids and flavonoids play important roles in NR mediated FW resistance breeding in cucumber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kankan Yang
- Longping Branch, Graduated School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Geng Zhou
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Feiying Zhu
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihuai Liang
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| | - Huiming Chen
- Longping Branch, Graduated School of Hunan University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shivaswamy G, Rudra SG, Dorjee L, Kundu A, Gogoi R, Singh A. Valorisation of raw mango pickle industry waste into antimicrobial agent against postharvest fungal pathogens. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 6:100243. [PMID: 38873591 PMCID: PMC11170095 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In mango pickle industry, a significant quantity of mango seed kernels is discarded as solid wastes. These seed kernels can be an ideal source for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive polyphenolic compounds with good antioxidant properties. The potential of mango kernel phenolic extract (MKPE) was investigated as a natural and effective antimicrobial agent for controlling major postharvest fungal pathogen infections, a significant threat to global food supply chains. Fungal pathogens contribute to the deterioration of fruits, vegetables, and grains during storage and transportation, leading to economic losses and compromised food safety. MKPE was obtained from pickling variety 'Ramkela' raw mango kernels, and its phenolic composition was characterized using LC-MS. The in vitro antifungal activity of MKPE against Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum gloeosporoides, and Rhizopus stolonifer was evaluated in vitro. A concentration-dependent inhibition of fungal radial growth against all three pathogens was observed, exhibiting the potential of MKPE as a valuable natural resource for addressing postharvest losses caused by fungal pathogens. The extraction process yielded a total phenolic content of 2128 mg GAE/100 g. Major polyphenolic bioactive compounds present were mangiferin, quercetin, and rhamnetin. The in-vitro antimicrobial assay showed reduction in the radial growth and inhibition percent of the pathogens. EC50 values of MKPE for B. cineria, C. gloeosporoides, and R. stolonifer was found to 364.17, 963.8 and 926 ppm, respectively. Our results demonstrate an economical, sustainable, and eco-friendly approach to manage post-harvest diseases rendered by fungi using mango MKPE from pickling industry waste.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gouthami Shivaswamy
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Shalini Gaur Rudra
- Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Lham Dorjee
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Aditi Kundu
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Robin Gogoi
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen M, Ding Z, Zhou M, Shang Y, Li C, Li Q, Bu T, Tang Z, Chen H. The diversity of endophytic fungi in Tartary buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum) and its correlation with flavonoids and phenotypic traits. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1360988. [PMID: 38559356 PMCID: PMC10979544 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1360988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) is a significant medicinal crop, with flavonoids serving as a crucial measure of its quality. Presently, the artificial cultivation of Tartary buckwheat yields low results, and the quality varies across different origins. Therefore, it is imperative to identify an effective method to enhance the yield and quality of buckwheat. Endophytic fungi reside within plants and form a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship, aiding plants in nutrient absorption, promoting host growth, and improving secondary metabolites akin to the host. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to assess the diversity of endophytic fungi in Tartary buckwheat. Subsequently, a correlation analysis was performed between fungi and metabolites, revealing potential increases in flavonoid content due to endophytic fungi such as Bipolaris, Hymenula, and Colletotrichum. Additionally, a correlation analysis between fungi and phenotypic traits unveiled the potential influence of endophytic fungi such as Bipolaris, Buckleyzyma, and Trichosporon on the phenotypic traits of Tartary buckwheat. Notably, the endophytic fungi of the Bipolaris genus exhibited the potential to elevate the content of Tartary buckwheat metabolites and enhance crop growth. Consequently, this study successfully identified the resources of endophytic fungi in Tartary buckwheat, explored potential functional endophytic fungi, and laid a scientific foundation for future implementation of biological fertilizers in improving the quality and growth of Tartary buckwheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mikheev VS, Struchkova IV, Churkina LM, Brilkina AA, Berezina EV. Several Characteristics of Oidiodendron maius G.L. Barron Important for Heather Plants' Controlled Mycorrhization. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:728. [PMID: 37504716 PMCID: PMC10381259 DOI: 10.3390/jof9070728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oidiodendron maius G.L. Barron is a recognized fungal species capable of forming ericoid mycorrhiza with various positive effects on host plants; therefore, newly found and previously uncharacterized O. maius strains may be valuable for heather plants' controlled mycorrhization. Characteristics of the O. maius F3860 strain were studied, i.e., mycelium growth on various nutrient media and the ability to secrete auxins and enzymes. O. maius F3860 grew rapidly on malt extract agar and potato dextrose agar. It was also able to grow on nutrient media suitable for heather plant cultivation. The presence of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin increased the mycelium growth rate compared to the control, starting from the 8th to the 13th days of cultivation. The ability to secrete auxins was confirmed with bioassay and thin-layer chromatography, and their content, as well as phytase activity, was estimated spectrophotometrically. Both in nutrient media with tryptophan and without it, O. maius F3860 secreted about 6 μg IAA/mL growth medium. O. maius F3860 possessed extracellular phytase, protease, and phenol oxidase activities. The investigation indicates O. maius F3860's promise for heather seedling inoculation as an approach to increase their fitness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav S Mikheev
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Irina V Struchkova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- LLC "Mikofit", Internatsionalnaya 56b, 606440 Bor, Russia
| | - Ludmila M Churkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna A Brilkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Ekaterina V Berezina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Gagarin Avenue 23, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peng Q, Yang J, Wang Q, Suo H, Hamdy AM, Song J. Antifungal Effect of Metabolites from a New Strain Lactiplantibacillus Plantarum LPP703 Isolated from Naturally Fermented Yak Yogurt. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010181. [PMID: 36613401 PMCID: PMC9818598 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The antifungal effect of metabolites produced by a new strain of Lactiplantibacillus (Lpb.) plantarum LPP703, isolated from naturally fermented yak yogurt, was investigated. The results showed that Lpb. plantarum LPP703 significantly inhibited four fungal species, including Penicillium sp., Rhizopus delemar, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus niger. The metabolites produced after 20 h of Lpb. plantarum LPP703 fermentation showed the highest antifungal activity against Penicillium sp. Compared with the control group, the Lpb. plantarum LPP703 metabolites-treated Penicillium sp. spores were stained red by propidium iodide, indicating that the cell membrane of the fungal spores was damaged. Moreover, the antifungal effect of the Lpb. plantarum LPP703 metabolites on Penicillium sp. was not changed after heating or treatment with various proteases, but showed a sharp decrease when the pH value was regulated to 5.0 or above. The oleamide, trans-cinnamic acid, and citric acid were the three most abundant in the Lpb. plantarum LPP703 metabolites. Molecular docking predicated that the oleamide interacted with the active site of lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase (CYP51, a crucial enzyme for fungal membrane integrity) through hydrogen bonds and had the lowest docking score, representing the strongest binding affinity to CYP51. Taken together, the metabolites from a new strain of Lpb. plantarum, LPP703, had potent antifungal activity against Penicillium sp., which might be associated with the damage of the active ingredient to fungal membrane integrity. This study indicated that Lpb. plantarum LPP703 and its metabolites might act as biological control agents to prevent fungal growth in the food industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Peng
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing & Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ahmed Mahmoud Hamdy
- Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Speciality Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, China
- Chongqing Agricultural Product Processing Technology Innovation Platform, Chongqing 400715, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu S, Jiang J, Ma Z, Xiao M, Yang L, Tian B, Yu Y, Bi C, Fang A, Yang Y. The Role of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Amide Pathway in Plant Immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:922119. [PMID: 35812905 PMCID: PMC9257175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.922119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The compounds involved in the hydroxycinnamic acid amide (HCAA) pathway are an important class of metabolites in plants. Extensive studies have reported that a variety of plant hydroxycinnamamides exhibit pivotal roles in plant-pathogen interactions, such as p-coumaroylagmatine and ferulic acid. The aim of this review is to discuss the emerging findings on the functions of hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAAs) accumulation associated with plant defenses against plant pathologies, antimicrobial activity of HCAAs, and the mechanism of HCAAs involved in plant immune responses (such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell wall response, plant defense hormones, and stomatal immunity). However, these advances have also revealed the complexity of HCAAs participation in plant defense reactions, and many mysteries remain to be revealed. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic and conceptual insights obtained so far and highlights areas for future exploration of phytochemical defense metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saifei Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jincheng Jiang
- Committee on Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yongchuan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihui Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Muye Xiao
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Binnian Tian
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaowei Bi
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Anfei Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chanda K, Mozumder AB, Chorei R, Gogoi RK, Prasad HK. A Lignocellulolytic Colletotrichum sp. OH with Broad-Spectrum Tolerance to Lignocellulosic Pretreatment Compounds and Derivatives and the Efficiency to Produce Hydrogen Peroxide and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural Tolerant Cellulases. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:785. [PMID: 34682207 PMCID: PMC8540663 DOI: 10.3390/jof7100785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are an emerging source of novel traits and biomolecules suitable for lignocellulosic biomass treatment. This work documents the toxicity tolerance of Colletotrichum sp. OH toward various lignocellulosic pretreatment-derived inhibitors. The effects of aldehydes (vanillin, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; HMF), acids (gallic, formic, levulinic, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid), phenolics (hydroquinone, p-coumaric acid), and two pretreatment chemicals (hydrogen peroxide and ionic liquid), on the mycelium growth, biomass accumulation, and lignocellulolytic enzyme activities, were tested. The reported Colletotrichum sp. OH was naturally tolerant to high concentrations of single inhibitors like HMF (IC50; 17.5 mM), levulinic acid (IC50; 29.7 mM), hydroquinone (IC50; 10.76 mM), and H2O2 (IC50; 50 mM). The lignocellulolytic enzymes displayed a wide range of single and mixed inhibitor tolerance profiles. The enzymes β-glucosidase and endoglucanase showed H2O2- and HMF-dependent activity enhancements. The enzyme β-glucosidase activity was 34% higher in 75 mM and retained 20% activity in 125 mM H2O2. Further, β-glucosidase activity increased to 24 and 32% in the presence of 17.76 and 8.8 mM HMF. This research suggests that the Colletotrichum sp. OH, or its enzymes, can be used to pretreat plant biomass, hydrolyze it, and remove inhibitory by-products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Himanshu Kishore Prasad
- Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India; (K.C.); (A.B.M.); (R.C.); (R.K.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Speranza B, Cibelli F, Baiano A, Carlucci A, Raimondo ML, Campaniello D, Viggiani I, Bevilacqua A, Rosaria Corbo M. Removal Ability and Resistance to Cinnamic and Vanillic Acids by Fungi. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8060930. [PMID: 32575643 PMCID: PMC7356749 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8060930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Twelve fungal strains were assayed to investigate their resistance to cinnamic and vanillic acids and their ability to remove these compounds from a liquid medium. In a first step, the effect of the two aromatic acids (1 g/L) on the fungal growth kinetic was studied. The results were modelled through a logistic like function (Dantigny equation) to estimate τ, which is the time to the half-maximum colony diameter. The key findings of this part were as follows: (i) generally, cinnamic acid exerted a stronger effect than vanillic acid; (ii) aromatic acids exerted a delay on the growth of some fungi and only one strain (Athelia rolfsii) was completely inhibited. In the second part, fungi were assayed to investigate their ability to remove cinnamic and vanillic acids (ca. 350 mg/kg) from liquid media at pH 3.5. The results indicated that the most efficient fungi were Aspergillus niger and Lasiodiplodia theobromae.
Collapse
|
10
|
Houlihan AJ, Conlin P, Chee-Sanford JC. Water-soluble exudates from seeds of Kochia scoparia exhibit antifungal activity against Colletotrichum graminicola. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218104. [PMID: 31216294 PMCID: PMC6584005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant seed exudates are composed of complex mixtures of chemicals with potential for bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties. This study focused on kochia (Kochia scoparia), one of many weedy plant species considered invasive in many agricultural systems. Extraction of compounds in water yielded an exudate mass equivalent to 7% of the original seed mass used. Water-soluble exudates were tested against 16 known plant pathogens in disk diffusion assays and kochia exudates were found to inhibit Colletotrichum graminicola, the fungal causative agent of anthracnose and stalk rot in maize. The narrow range of fungi found as targets suggested the mechanism of inhibition may be specific rather than broadly antifungal. A decline in viability of cells over four orders of magnitude occurred within six hours of exposure to exudate. The minimum inhibitory concentration was 3.125 mg L-1. Hyphae formation in C. graminicola appeared inhibited following exposure to the exudate. Small molecular weight compounds as determined by GC/MS analysis showed high relative amounts of the sugars fructose, galactopyranose, glucose, and sorbitol, along with moderate proportions of organic acids and amino acids. Protein content averaged 0.7% in the standard concentration (100 mg mL-1) used for inhibition assays. Size fractionation of the exudate and subsequent disk diffusion assays revealed bioactive fractions with compounds in the MW range <5 kDa. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show promising bioactivity against C. graminicola that was associated with water-extractable compounds from a common weed species. The results suggest that seeds of persistent plant species with long-lived seed banks like kochia may have potential for use in the discovery of compounds active in inhibiting fungal pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Houlihan
- USDA/ARS, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Peter Conlin
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Joanne C. Chee-Sanford
- USDA/ARS, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Jasbi P, Mitchell NM, Shi X, Grys TE, Wei Y, Liu L, Lake DF, Gu H. Coccidioidomycosis Detection Using Targeted Plasma and Urine Metabolic Profiling. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:2791-2802. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Jasbi
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Natalie M. Mitchell
- School of Life Sciences, Mayo Clinic Collaborative Research Building, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Thomas E. Grys
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85054, United States
| | - Yiping Wei
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85259, United States
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Douglas F. Lake
- School of Life Sciences, Mayo Clinic Collaborative Research Building, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Haiwei Gu
- Arizona Metabolomics Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Saha S, Mukherjee A, Biswas S, Choudhury D, Saha J, Pal S, Sarkar M, Kole RK. Formulation and chemical characterization of Clerodendrum infortunatum leaf extract in relation to anti-fungal activity. Heliyon 2018; 4:e01047. [PMID: 30603689 PMCID: PMC6304453 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e01047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The study explored to develop an eco-friendly herbal fungicide from chloroform extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum leaves. The extract upon activity guided purification using flash chromatography yielded eight fractions F3 through F10. Total phenol and flavonoid contents in the fractions ranged from 0.12-48.25 mg GAE/g and 0.03–25.29 mg QE/g. LC-MS/MS analysis confirmed the identification of seven phenolic acids across different fractions, the total of which varied between 0 and 2.17 mg/g. Emulsifiable Concentrate (20%) formulation was made with the extract and fractions and tested against Phomopsis vexans causing fruit rot disease in brinjal. Of the various fractions, F8 displayed highest antifungal activity (ED50 = 46.8 μg/ml). Antifungal activity of leaf extract/fractions was correlated with total phenol, total flavonoid and total phenolic acids (r = -0.60 to -0.69). Among the phenolic acids, benzoic acid showed maximum antifungal activity followed by t-cinnamic acid. The relationship between phenolic composition and activity is also reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Saha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal
| | - Debjani Choudhury
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Jayanta Saha
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Srikumar Pal
- Department of Agricultural Bio-Chemistry, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| | - Mitali Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Nadia, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal
| | - R K Kole
- Department of Agricultural Chemicals, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia, Mohanpur, 741252, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|