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Morimoto M, Kato A, Nogami K, Akaike Y, Furusawa T, Kojima H, Sasakawa C. The Swine Erysipelas Vaccine SER-ME Effectively Protects Pigs against Challenge with the Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae M203/I257 SpaA-Type Variant. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9080382. [PMID: 35893775 PMCID: PMC9332197 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9080382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Swine erysipelas caused by the Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae occurred frequently among pigs in Japan mostly by the serovar 1a variant featured by two amino acids in the surface protective antigen A protein. To determine if current vaccines are effective against the variant infection in pigs, one inactivated vaccine, SER-ME containing serovar 2a as the immunogen, was representatively evaluated. All vaccinated pigs survived without any apparent clinical signs after lethal challenge with the Fujisawa reference strain or the variant. This indicates that the serovar 2a immunogen of SER-ME vaccine effectively protects pigs against the E. rhusiopathiae variant and was not related to the emergences of the variant. Abstract Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae causes swine erysipelas (SE). Sporadic SE outbreaks in Japan are mostly caused by the E. rhusiopathiae serovar 1a variant featured by methionine (M) and isoleucine (I) at amino acid positions 203 and 257 of the surface protective antigen (Spa) A protein (M203/I257 SpaA-type). To determine if current vaccines are effective against infection with this variant in pigs, one representative inactivated vaccine, SER-ME (containing E. rhusiopathiae serovar 2a), was evaluated. All vaccinated pigs survived without any apparent clinical signs after lethal challenge with the Fujisawa reference strain or the variant. This indicates that the SER-ME vaccine effectively protects pigs against the infection of E. rhusiopathiae M203/I257 SpaA-type variant. Current vaccines in Japan, including SER-ME, suggest that outbreaks in Japan are unlikely caused by vaccine failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Morimoto
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
- Biomedical Science Association, 2-20-8-3F Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Kotoe Nogami
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Akaike
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroe Kojima
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sasakawa
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome 198-0024, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 260-8673, Chiba, Japan
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Morimoto M, Kato A, Akaike Y, Nogami K, Ono H, Furusawa T, Kojima H, Sasakawa C. Comparative study of the phenotype and virulence of recent serovar 1a, 1b, and 2a isolates of Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae in Japan. Vet Microbiol 2022; 270:109458. [PMID: 35623133 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae causes swine erysipelas (SE) and is classified -into 16 serovars based on cell surface antigens. Our previous study suggested that recent SE outbreaks were mostly caused by serovar 1a of E. rhusiopathiae with the surface protective antigen (Spa)A protein characterized by methionine and isoleucine at positions 203 and 257 (M203/I257 SpaA). In this study, four recent E. rhusiopathiae isolates comprising two serovar 1a with M203/I257 SpaA strains (2012 Miyazaki and 2012 Chiba), one serovar 1b strain (2015 Miyazaki), and one serovar 2a strain (2012 Nagano) were compared with each other and with the serovar 1a Fujisawa reference strain regarding in vitro phenotypes and in vivo virulence in mice and pigs. The serovar 1b and 2a strains, which are the less prevalent strains in the field in Japan, showed lower growth in liquid culture and lower virulence in animals than the serovar 1a variants. Adhesion of the serovar 2a strain to porcine endothelial cells was weaker than that of the serovar 1a and 1b strains. Several advantages of serovar 1a strains were found, but no plausible cause of the M203/I257 SpaA type variants to be selected for the most prevalent strains among serovar 1a strains was identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Morimoto
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan; Biomedical Science Association, 2-20-8-3F Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
| | - Yuta Akaike
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Kotoe Nogami
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ono
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furusawa
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Hiroe Kojima
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sasakawa
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan; Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
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