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Bigdeli A, Nazockdast H, Rashidi A, Yazdanshenas ME. The Effect of Blending Sequence on Nanoclay Partitioning and Microfibrillar Morphology in Blend Nanocomposite Fibers. J MACROMOL SCI B 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2016.1197495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Mata-Padilla JM, Medellín-Rodríguez FJ, Ávila-Orta CA, Ramírez-Vargas E, Cadenas-Pliego G, Valera-Zaragoza M, Vega-Díaz SM. Morphology and chain mobility of reactive blend nanocomposites of PP-EVA/Clay. J Appl Polym Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Mata-Padilla
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6; Zona Universitaria; San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí 78210 México
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Francisco J. Medellín-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6; Zona Universitaria; San Luis Potosí San Luis Potosí 78210 México
| | - Carlos A. Ávila-Orta
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada (CIQA); Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo 140; San José de los Cerritos Saltillo, Coahuila 25294 México
| | - Mario Valera-Zaragoza
- Universidad del Papaloapan; Circuito Central 200, Parque Industrial Tuxtepec, Oaxaca 68301 México
| | - Sofía M. Vega-Díaz
- Research Center for Exotic Nanocarbons (JST); Shinshu University; Wakasato 4-17-1 Nagano Japan
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Immobilization of TiO2 nanoparticles on montmorillonite clay and its effect on the morphology of natural rubber nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-014-1123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ghasemi H, Carreau PJ, Kamal MR, Chapleau N. Effect of Processing Conditions on Properties of PET/Clay Nanocomposite Films. INT POLYM PROC 2013. [DOI: 10.3139/217.2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanocomposite films (with 3 wt.% Cloisite 30B) were prepared by cast extrusion followed by uniaxial stretching, using chill rolls. Two screw profiles with different mixing elements under different screw speeds (N) and feeding rates (Q) were used to prepare PET/clay nanocomposite (PCN) films. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) showed that the clay layers were aligned in the machine direction (MD). XRD patterns depicted that the interlayer distance of clay platelets in the state of intercalation is somehow independent of the processing conditions, but the macro-scale characterization, including barrier and mechanical properties, showed that the level of clay layer delamination was affected by processing conditions. The results reveal that the applied strain has stronger effect than residence time on the barrier and mechanical properties. At the highest screw speed (N = 250 min−1), 27% reduction in oxygen permeability and 30% improvement in tensile modulus were obtained for the more severe screw profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Ghasemi
- CREPEC, Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P. J. Carreau
- CREPEC, Chemical Engineering Department, Ecole Polytechnique, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M. R. Kamal
- CREPEC, Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N. Chapleau
- CREPEC, Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council Canada, Boucherville, Quebec, Canada
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Scamardella AM, Vietri U, Sorrentino L, Lavorgna M, Amendola E. Foams based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites with enhanced thermal stability. J CELL PLAST 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0021955x12445405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Novel poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites have been developed, incorporating commercial bottle grade polyester and modified organoclay, which exhibit enhanced thermal and dynamic-mechanical properties and improved foaming behavior. A benefit arising from the use of an organoclay is that this class of material is generally able to withstand the high processing temperatures of engineering polymers, such as poly(ethylene terephthalate), and not undergo decomposition. This offers a great advantage over the use of organic modifiers, whose volatile by-products are known to promote thermal degradation of the polymer matrix under such conditions. In this work, a novel organoclay was obtained via intercalation of bis-(hydroxyethyl terephthalate) in sodium montmorillonite layers and then used to prepare poly(ethylene terephthalate)-clay nanocomposites via melt compounding by using a twin-screw extruder. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the onset decomposition temperatures of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites incorporating this organoclay were higher than those of controls based on commercial organoclays. However, the inclusion of this new nanofiller also led to a drastic decrease of melt viscosity, which in turn suppressed foaming. In order to compensate for the effects of the viscosity reduction, pyromellitic dianhydride was used in the reactive extrusion process of poly(ethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites. Rheological analysis showed a strong improvement in viscosity of these poly(ethylene terephthalate)/pyromellitic dianhydride/organoclay nanocomposites, to levels of the same order of magnitude as reference commercial foaming grade poly(ethylene terephthalate), or higher. Samples were foamed using carbon dioxide as physical blowing agent in a batch foaming process. Comparison of sample morphology, performed by scanning electron microscopic analysis, indicated very good results in some samples in terms of cellular morphology and foam density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Scamardella
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, CNR – Italy’s National Council of Research, Portici (Na), Italy
| | - Umberto Vietri
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, CNR – Italy’s National Council of Research, Portici (Na), Italy
| | - Luigi Sorrentino
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, CNR – Italy’s National Council of Research, Portici (Na), Italy
| | - Marino Lavorgna
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, CNR – Italy’s National Council of Research, Portici (Na), Italy
| | - Eugenio Amendola
- Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, CNR – Italy’s National Council of Research, Portici (Na), Italy
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