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Liu W, Wang C, Feng Y, Chen Y, Wan L, Huang F, Liu Z, Qian J, Liu W. Novel Reactive Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane-Reinforced and Toughened Epoxy Resins for Advanced Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1877. [PMID: 39000732 PMCID: PMC11243849 DOI: 10.3390/polym16131877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Most toughening methods for epoxy resins are usually used at the expense of other properties. Some polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) with both a rigid Si-O-Si structure and flexible organic chain segments could be expected to be effective toughening agents. In this study, three reactive polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes with a thiol group (OMPPS), a carboxyl group (OCOPS), and an epoxy group (OGCPS) were synthesized and characterized. They were utilized as modifiers to toughen 3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)-N,N-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline (AFG-90MH)/4,4'-methylenebis(2-ethylaniline) (MOEA) (epoxy resin) with different molar ratios to obtain hybrid resins named OMPPS-EP-i, OCOPS-EP-j, and OGCPS-EP-k. The effects of the amount of modifier added and the length of the organic chain on the cage structure on various properties of the hybrid resins were investigated. The results show that all three modifiers show good compatibility with the epoxy resin. The hybrid resins have a low viscosity at 45~85 °C and can be cured at a low temperature (110 °C). The cured hybrid resins display improved toughness. Typically, the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and impact strength of OGCPS-EP-0.6-C are 2.54 MPa∙m-1/2 and 19.33 kJ∙m-2, respectively, which increased by 58.75% and 22.48% compared with the pristine epoxy resin, respectively. In addition, the glass transition temperature and flexural strength of the hybrid resins are basically unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Yu Feng
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Yongfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Liqiang Wan
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Farong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Specially Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology of (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; (W.L.); (C.W.); (Y.F.); (Y.C.); (L.W.)
| | - Zuozhen Liu
- HuaChang Polymers Co., Ltd., East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200241, China; (Z.L.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jianhua Qian
- HuaChang Polymers Co., Ltd., East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200241, China; (Z.L.); (J.Q.)
| | - Weiping Liu
- Manufacturing Center of Composite Materials for Commercial Aircraft, Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co., Ltd., COMAC, Shanghai 201324, China;
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Nanofiller reinforced biodegradable PHA/PLA composites: physico-chemical, thermal and dielectric properties. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Thalji MR, Ibrahim AA, Ali GA. Cutting-edge development in dendritic polymeric materials for biomedical and energy applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Syamimi NF, Islam MR, Sumdani MG, Rashidi NM. Mechanical and thermal properties of snail shell particles-reinforced bisphenol-A bio-composites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02878-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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UV-curable hyperbranched urethane acrylate oligomers modified with different fatty acids. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-2003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Jiao Z, Wang X, Yang Q, Wang C. Modification and characterization of urethane acrylate oligomers used for UV-curable coatings. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1847-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Preparation and characterization of a naphthalene-modified poly(aryl ether ketone) and its phase separation morphology with bismaleimide resin. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1787-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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