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Rosnoblet C, Bègue H, Blanchard C, Pichereaux C, Besson-Bard A, Aimé S, Wendehenne D. Functional characterization of the chaperon-like protein Cdc48 in cryptogein-induced immune response in tobacco. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:491-508. [PMID: 26662183 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Cdc48, a molecular chaperone conserved in different kingdoms, is a member of the AAA+ family contributing to numerous processes in mammals including proteins quality control and degradation, vesicular trafficking, autophagy and immunity. The functions of Cdc48 plant orthologues are less understood. We previously reported that Cdc48 is regulated by S-nitrosylation in tobacco cells undergoing an immune response triggered by cryptogein, an elicitin produced by the oomycete Phytophthora cryptogea. Here, we inv estigated the function of NtCdc48 in cryptogein signalling and induced hypersensitive-like cell death. NtCdc48 was found to accumulate in elicited cells at both the protein and transcript levels. Interestingly, only a small proportion of the overall NtCdc48 population appeared to be S-nitrosylated. Using gel filtration in native conditions, we confirmed that NtCdc48 was present in its hexameric active form. An immunoprecipitation-based strategy following my mass spectrometry analysis led to the identification of about a hundred NtCdc48 partners and underlined its contribution in cellular processes including targeting of ubiquitylated proteins for proteasome-dependent degradation, subcellular trafficking and redox regulation. Finally, the analysis of cryptogein-induced events in NtCdc48-overexpressing cells highlighted a correlation between NtCdc48 expression and hypersensitive cell death. Altogether, this study identified NtCdc48 as a component of cryptogein signalling and plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rosnoblet
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Hervé Bègue
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Cécile Blanchard
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Fédération de Recherche 3450, Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale - CNRS, Université de Toulouse, 205 route de Narbonne,, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Angélique Besson-Bard
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - Sébastien Aimé
- INRA, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Pôle Mécanisme et Gestion des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes - ERL CNRS 6300, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR 1347 Agroécologie, 17 rue Sully, BP 86510, 21065, Dijon cédex, France
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Su X, Schmitz G, Zhang M, Mackie RI, Cann IKO. Heterologous gene expression in filamentous fungi. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 2016; 81:1-61. [PMID: 22958526 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394382-8.00001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are critical to production of many commercial enzymes and organic compounds. Fungal-based systems have several advantages over bacterial-based systems for protein production because high-level secretion of enzymes is a common trait of their decomposer lifestyle. Furthermore, in the large-scale production of recombinant proteins of eukaryotic origin, the filamentous fungi become the vehicle of choice due to critical processes shared in gene expression with other eukaryotic organisms. The complexity and relative dearth of understanding of the physiology of filamentous fungi, compared to bacteria, have hindered rapid development of these organisms as highly efficient factories for the production of heterologous proteins. In this review, we highlight several of the known benefits and challenges in using filamentous fungi (particularly Aspergillus spp., Trichoderma reesei, and Neurospora crassa) for the production of proteins, especially heterologous, nonfungal enzymes. We review various techniques commonly employed in recombinant protein production in the filamentous fungi, including transformation methods, selection of gene regulatory elements such as promoters, protein secretion factors such as the signal peptide, and optimization of coding sequence. We provide insights into current models of host genomic defenses such as repeat-induced point mutation and quelling. Furthermore, we examine the regulatory effects of transcript sequences, including introns and untranslated regions, pre-mRNA (messenger RNA) processing, transcript transport, and mRNA stability. We anticipate that this review will become a resource for researchers who aim at advancing the use of these fascinating organisms as protein production factories, for both academic and industrial purposes, and also for scientists with general interest in the biology of the filamentous fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Su
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA; Equal contribution
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3
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Bianco L, Perrotta G. Methodologies and perspectives of proteomics applied to filamentous fungi: from sample preparation to secretome analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5803-29. [PMID: 25775160 PMCID: PMC4394507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi possess the extraordinary ability to digest complex biomasses and mineralize numerous xenobiotics, as consequence of their aptitude to sensing the environment and regulating their intra and extra cellular proteins, producing drastic changes in proteome and secretome composition. Recent advancement in proteomic technologies offers an exciting opportunity to reveal the fluctuations of fungal proteins and enzymes, responsible for their metabolic adaptation to a large variety of environmental conditions. Here, an overview of the most commonly used proteomic strategies will be provided; this paper will range from sample preparation to gel-free and gel-based proteomics, discussing pros and cons of each mentioned state-of-the-art technique. The main focus will be kept on filamentous fungi. Due to the biotechnological relevance of lignocellulose degrading fungi, special attention will be finally given to their extracellular proteome, or secretome. Secreted proteins and enzymes will be discussed in relation to their involvement in bio-based processes, such as biomass deconstruction and mycoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Bianco
- UTTRI-GENER Genetics and Genomics for Energy and Environment Laboratory-ENEA TRISAIA Research Center, 75025 Rotondella (Matera), Italy.
| | - Gaetano Perrotta
- UTTRI-GENER Genetics and Genomics for Energy and Environment Laboratory-ENEA TRISAIA Research Center, 75025 Rotondella (Matera), Italy.
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4
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Fernández RG, Redondo I, Jorrin-Novo JV. Making a protein extract from plant pathogenic fungi for gel- and LC-based proteomics. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1072:93-109. [PMID: 24136517 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-631-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Proteomic technologies have become a successful tool to provide relevant information on fungal biology. In the case of plant pathogenic fungi, this approach would allow a deeper knowledge of the interaction and the biological cycle of the pathogen, as well as the identification of pathogenicity and virulence factors. These two elements open up new possibilities for crop disease diagnosis and environment-friendly crop protection. Phytopathogenic fungi, due to its particular cellular characteristics, can be considered as a recalcitrant biological material, which makes it difficult to obtain quality protein samples for proteomic analysis. This chapter focuses on protein extraction for gel- and LC-based proteomics with specific protocols of our current research with Botrytis cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel González Fernández
- Agroforestry and Plant Biochemistry and Proteomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Córdoba, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, Córdoba, Spain
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Miguel-Rojas C, Hera C. Proteomic identification of potential target proteins regulated by the SCF(F) (bp1) -mediated proteolysis pathway in Fusarium oxysporum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2013; 14:934-945. [PMID: 23855991 PMCID: PMC6638928 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
F-box proteins function in the recruitment of proteins for SCF ubiquitination and proteasome degradation. Here, we studied the role of Fbp1, a nonessential F-box protein of the tomato pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. The Δfbp1 mutant showed a significant delay in the production of wilt symptoms on tomato plants and was impaired in invasive growth on cellophane membranes and on living plant tissue. To search for target proteins recruited by Fbp1, a combination of sodium dodecylsulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF) was used to compare proteins in mycelia of the wild-type and Δfbp1 mutant. The proteomic approach identified 41 proteins differing significantly in abundance between the two strains, 17 of which were more abundant in the Δfbp1 mutant, suggesting a possible regulation by proteasome degradation. Interestingly, several of the identified proteins were related to vesicle trafficking. Microscopic analysis revealed an impairment of the Δfbp1 strain in directional growth and in the structure of the Spitzenkörper, suggesting a role of Fbp1 in hyphal orientation. Our results indicate that Fbp1 regulates protein turnover and pathogenicity in F. oxysporum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Miguel-Rojas
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, 14071, Córdoba, Spain; Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
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Kautto L, Grinyer J, Paulsen I, Tetu S, Pillai A, Pardiwalla S, Sezerman U, Akcapinar GB, Bergquist P, Te’o J, Nevalainen H. Stress effects caused by the expression of a mutant cellobiohydrolase I and proteasome inhibition in Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30. N Biotechnol 2013; 30:183-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lalle M, Camerini S, Cecchetti S, Sayadi A, Crescenzi M, Pozio E. Interaction Network of the 14-3-3 Protein in the Ancient Protozoan Parasite Giardia duodenalis. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:2666-83. [DOI: 10.1021/pr3000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Lalle
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic
and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Camerini
- Department
of Cell Biology and
Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Cecchetti
- Department
of Cell Biology and
Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ahmed Sayadi
- Department
of Biochemical Sciences
“A. Rossi-Fanelli”, University of Rome “Sapienza”, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Crescenzi
- Department
of Cell Biology and
Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pozio
- Department of Infectious, Parasitic
and Immunomediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
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de Oliveira JMPF, de Graaff LH. Proteomics of industrial fungi: trends and insights for biotechnology. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 89:225-37. [PMID: 20922379 PMCID: PMC3016146 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Revised: 09/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi are widely known for their industrial applications, namely, the production of food-processing enzymes and metabolites such as antibiotics and organic acids. In the past decade, the full genome sequencing of filamentous fungi increased the potential to predict encoded proteins enormously, namely, hydrolytic enzymes or proteins involved in the biosynthesis of metabolites of interest. The integration of genome sequence information with possible phenotypes requires, however, the knowledge of all the proteins in the cell in a system-wise manner, given by proteomics. This review summarises the progress of proteomics and its importance for the study of biotechnological processes in filamentous fungi. A major step forward in proteomics was to couple protein separation with high-resolution mass spectrometry, allowing accurate protein quantification. Despite the fact that most fungal proteomic studies have been focused on proteins from mycelial extracts, many proteins are related to processes which are compartmentalised in the fungal cell, e.g. β-lactam antibiotic production in the microbody. For the study of such processes, a targeted approach is required, e.g. by organelle proteomics. Typical workflows for sample preparation in fungal organelle proteomics are discussed, including homogenisation and sub-cellular fractionation. Finally, examples are presented of fungal organelle proteomic studies, which have enlarged the knowledge on areas of interest to biotechnology, such as protein secretion, energy production or antibiotic biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Miguel P Ferreira de Oliveira
- Fungal Systems Biology, Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, NL-6703 HB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Proteomics of plant pathogenic fungi. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:932527. [PMID: 20589070 PMCID: PMC2878683 DOI: 10.1155/2010/932527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2009] [Revised: 02/03/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogenic fungi cause important yield losses in crops. In order to develop efficient and environmental friendly crop protection strategies, molecular studies of the fungal biological cycle, virulence factors, and interaction with its host are necessary. For that reason, several approaches have been performed using both classical genetic, cell biology, and biochemistry and the modern, holistic, and high-throughput, omic techniques. This work briefly overviews the tools available for studying Plant Pathogenic Fungi and is amply focused on MS-based Proteomics analysis, based on original papers published up to December 2009. At a methodological level, different steps in a proteomic workflow experiment are discussed. Separate sections are devoted to fungal descriptive (intracellular, subcellular, extracellular) and differential expression proteomics and interactomics. From the work published we can conclude that Proteomics, in combination with other techniques, constitutes a powerful tool for providing important information about pathogenicity and virulence factors, thus opening up new possibilities for crop disease diagnosis and crop protection.
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Lorito M, Woo SL, Harman GE, Monte E. Translational research on Trichoderma: from 'omics to the field. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2010; 48:395-417. [PMID: 20455700 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-073009-114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Structural and functional genomics investigations are making an important impact on the current understanding and application of microbial agents used for plant disease control. Here, we review the case of Trichoderma spp., the most widely applied biocontrol fungi, which have been extensively studied using a variety of research approaches, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, etc. Known for almost a century for their beneficial effects on plants and the soil, these fungi are the subject of investigations that represent a successful case of translational research, in which 'omics-generated novel understanding is directly translated in to new or improved crop treatments and management methods. We present an overview of the latest discoveries on the Trichoderma expressome and metabolome, of the complex and diverse biotic interactions established in nature by these microbes, and of their proven or potential importance to agriculture and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lorito
- Dipartimento di Arboricoltura, Botanica e Patologia Vegetale (ArBoPaVe), Università di Napoli Federico II, Portici, Napoli, Italy 80138.
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11
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Kautto L, Grinyer J, Birch D, Kapur A, Baker M, Traini M, Bergquist P, Nevalainen H. Rapid purification method for the 26S proteasome from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. Protein Expr Purif 2009; 67:156-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2009] [Accepted: 05/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Induced proteome of Trichoderma harzianum by Botrytis cinerea. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 113:924-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2009.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Chen G, Luo Y, Wang X, Zhao Z, Liu H, Zhang H, Li Z. A relatively simple and economical protocol for proteomic analyses of human 20S proteasome: Compatible with both scaled-up and scaled-down purifications. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:2422-30. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Shi Y, Porter K, Parameswaran N, Bae HK, Pestka JJ. Role of GRP78/BiP degradation and ER stress in deoxynivalenol-induced interleukin-6 upregulation in the macrophage. Toxicol Sci 2009; 109:247-55. [PMID: 19336499 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfp060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) induces systemic expression of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) and other proinflammatory cytokines in the mouse. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that DON triggers an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in murine macrophages capable of driving IL-6 gene expression. DON at concentrations up 5000 ng/ml. was not cytotoxic to peritoneal cells. However, DON markedly decreased protein levels but not the mRNA levels of glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78 (BiP), a chaperone known to mediate ER stress. Inhibitor studies suggested that DON-induced GRP78 degradation was cathepsin and calpain dependent but was proteosome-independent. RNAi-mediated knockdown of GRP78 resulted in increased IL-6 gene expression indicating a potential downregulatory role for this chaperone. GRP78 is critical to the regulation of the two transcription factors, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), which bind to cAMP-response element (CRE) and drive expression of CRE-dependent genes such as IL-6. DON exposure was found to increase IRE1alpha protein, its modified products spliced XBP1 mRNA and XBP1 protein as well as ATF6. Knockdown of ATF6 but not XBP1 partially inhibited DON-induced IL-6 expression in the macrophages. Three other trichothecenes (satratoxin G, roridin, T-2 toxin) and the ribosome inhibitory protein ricin were also found to induce GRP78 degradation suggesting that other translation inhibitors might evoke ER stress. Taken together, these data suggest that in the macrophage DON induces GRP78 degradation and evokes an ER stress response that could contribute, in part, to DON-induced IL-6 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Shi
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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15
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Paul AL, Liu L, McClung S, Laughner B, Chen S, Ferl RJ. Comparative Interactomics: Analysis of Arabidopsis 14-3-3 Complexes Reveals Highly Conserved 14-3-3 Interactions between Humans and Plants. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:1913-24. [DOI: 10.1021/pr8008644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Lisa Paul
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
| | - Li Liu
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
| | - Scott McClung
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
| | - Beth Laughner
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
| | - Sixue Chen
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
| | - Robert J. Ferl
- Program in Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0690, Department of Botany, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, and Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-3622
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Zong C, Young GW, Wang Y, Lu H, Deng N, Drews O, Ping P. Two-dimensional electrophoresis-based characterization of post-translational modifications of mammalian 20S proteasome complexes. Proteomics 2009; 8:5025-37. [PMID: 19003867 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200800387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PTMs serve as key regulatory mechanisms for 20S proteasome functions. Alterations in 20S PTMs have been previously observed with changes in modified protein degradation patterns and altered cellular phenotypes. Despite decades of investigation, our knowledge pertaining to the various PTMs of 20S complexes and their biological significance remain limited. In this investigation, we show that 2-DE offers an analytical tool with high resolution and reproducibility. Accordingly, it has been applied for the characterization of PTMs including glycosylation, phosphorylation, oxidation, and nitrosylation. The PTMs of murine cardiac 20S proteasomes and their associating proteins were examined. Our 2-DE analyses displayed over 25 spots for the 20S complexes (17 subunits), indicating multiply modified subunits of cardiac proteasomes. The identification of specific PTM sites subsequent to 2-DE was supported by MS. These PTMs included phosphorylation and oxidation. Most of the PTMs occurred in low stoichiometry and required enrichment to enhance the detection sensitivity. In conclusion, our studies support 2-DE as a central tool in the analyses of 20S proteasome PTMs. The approaches utilized in this investigation demonstrate their application in mapping the PTMs of the 20S proteasomes in cardiac tissue, which are applicable to other samples and biological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Zong
- Department of Physiology, University of California at Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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17
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Tseng SC, Liu SY, Yang HH, Lo CT, Peng KC. Proteomic study of biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum ETS 323 in response to Rhizoctonia solani. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2008; 56:6914-6922. [PMID: 18642836 DOI: 10.1021/jf703626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To elucidate the entire range of proteins that are secreted by Trichoderma harzianum ETS 323 in its antagonism with Rhizoctonia solani, an in vivo interaction between them was mimicked and not only the secreted cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDEs) but also all of the proteome were investigated. Seven CWDEs, chitinase, cellulase, xylanase, beta-1,3-glucanase, beta-1,6-glucanase, mannanase, and protease,were revealed by activity assay, in-gel activity stain, 2-DE, and LC-MS/MS analysis. Extracellular protein extracts from media that contained R. solani exhibited much higher CWDE activities than media that did not contain R. solani. Cellulase and mannanase activity, however, were insignificant. Activity stain also revealed that beta-1,3-glucanase, beta-1,6-glucanase, and xylanase activity occurred exclusively in media that contained R. solani. Furthermore, 35 of the 43 excised spots on the 2-DE gel were successfully analyzed by LC-MS/MS, and eight proteins were identified. They were two glycoside hydrolases, two proteases, two beta-glucosidases, one endochitinase and, interestingly, one amino acid oxidase. Additionally, a possible mechanism was proposed to elucidate how the cell walls of R. solani are systematically enveloped and disintegrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chi Tseng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
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Ducoux-Petit M, Uttenweiler-Joseph S, Brichory F, Bousquet-Dubouch MP, Burlet-Schiltz O, Haeuw JF, Monsarrat B. Scaled-down purification protocol to access proteomic analysis of 20S proteasome from human tissue samples: comparison of normal and tumor colorectal cells. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:2852-9. [PMID: 18510353 DOI: 10.1021/pr8000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The proteasome is a proteolytic complex that constitutes the main pathway for degradation of intracellular proteins in eukaryotic cells. It regulates many physiological processes and its dysfunction can lead to several pathologies like cancer. To study the 20S proteasome structure/activity relationship in cells that derive from human biopsy samples, we optimized an immuno-purification protocol for the analysis of samples containing a small number of cells using magnetic beads. This scaled-down protocol was used to purify the cytoplasmic 20S proteasome of adjacent normal and tumor colorectal cells arising from tissue samples of several patients. Proteomic analyses based on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry showed that the subunit composition of 20S proteasomes from these normal and tumor cells were not significantly different. The proteasome activity was also assessed in the cytoplasmic extracts and was similar or higher in tumor colorectal than in the corresponding normal cells. The scaled-down 20S proteasome purification protocol developed here can be applied to any human clinical tissue samples and is compatible with further proteomic analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuelle Ducoux-Petit
- Universite de Toulouse, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, IPBS, UPS, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, cedex 4, France
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Josic D, Kovač S. Application of proteomics in biotechnology – Microbial proteomics. Biotechnol J 2008; 3:496-509. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.200700234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Kim Y, Nandakumar MP, Marten MR. Proteomics of filamentous fungi. Trends Biotechnol 2007; 25:395-400. [PMID: 17681627 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2007.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2007] [Revised: 05/24/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Proteomic analysis, defined here as the global assessment of cellular proteins expressed in a particular biological state, is a powerful tool that can provide a systematic understanding of events at the molecular level. Proteomic studies of filamentous fungi have only recently begun to appear in the literature, despite the prevalence of these organisms in the biotechnology industry, and their importance as both human and plant pathogens. Here, we review recent publications that have used a proteomic approach to develop a better understanding of filamentous fungi, highlighting sample preparation methods and whole-cell cytoplasmic proteomics, as well as subproteomics of cell envelope, mitochondrial and secreted proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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