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Yu R, Xiong Z, Zhu X, Feng P, Hu Z, Fang R, Zhang Y, Liu Q. RcSPL1-RcTAF15b regulates the flowering time of rose ( Rosa chinensis). HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad083. [PMID: 37323236 PMCID: PMC10266950 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rose (Rosa chinensis), which is an economically valuable floral species worldwide, has three types, namely once-flowering (OF), occasional or re-blooming (OR), and recurrent or continuous flowering (CF). However, the mechanism underlying the effect of the age pathway on the duration of the CF or OF juvenile phase is largely unknown. In this study, we observed that the RcSPL1 transcript levels were substantially upregulated during the floral development period in CF and OF plants. Additionally, accumulation of RcSPL1 protein was controlled by rch-miR156. The ectopic expression of RcSPL1 in Arabidopsis thaliana accelerated the vegetative phase transition and flowering. Furthermore, the transient overexpression of RcSPL1 in rose plants accelerated flowering, whereas silencing of RcSPL1 had the opposite phenotype. Accordingly, the transcription levels of floral meristem identity genes (APETALA1, FRUITFULL, and LEAFY) were significantly affected by the changes in RcSPL1 expression. RcTAF15b protein, which is an autonomous pathway protein, was revealed to interact with RcSPL1. The silencing and overexpression of RcTAF15b in rose plants led to delayed and accelerated flowering, respectively. Collectively, the study findings imply that RcSPL1-RcTAF15b modulates the flowering time of rose plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiying Xiong
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xinhui Zhu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Panpan Feng
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ziyi Hu
- Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rongxiang Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Plant Gene Research Center, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
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Smulders MJM, Arens P, Bourke PM, Debener T, Linde M, Riek JD, Leus L, Ruttink T, Baudino S, Hibrant Saint-Oyant L, Clotault J, Foucher F. In the name of the rose: a roadmap for rose research in the genome era. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2019; 6:65. [PMID: 31069087 PMCID: PMC6499834 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-019-0156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The recent completion of the rose genome sequence is not the end of a process, but rather a starting point that opens up a whole set of new and exciting activities. Next to a high-quality genome sequence other genomic tools have also become available for rose, including transcriptomics data, a high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism array and software to perform linkage and quantitative trait locus mapping in polyploids. Rose cultivars are highly heterogeneous and diverse. This vast diversity in cultivated roses can be explained through the genetic potential of the genus, introgressions from wild species into commercial tetraploid germplasm and the inimitable efforts of historical breeders. We can now investigate how this diversity can best be exploited and refined in future breeding work, given the rich molecular toolbox now available to the rose breeding community. This paper presents possible lines of research now that rose has entered the genomics era, and attempts to partially answer the question that arises after the completion of any draft genome sequence: 'Now that we have "the" genome, what's next?'. Having access to a genome sequence will allow both (fundamental) scientific and (applied) breeding-orientated questions to be addressed. We outline possible approaches for a number of these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinus J. M. Smulders
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Arens
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M. Bourke
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 386, 6700 AJ Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Debener
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Linde
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz University of Hannover, Herrenhäuser Strasse 2, 30419 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan De Riek
- ILVO, Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Leen Leus
- ILVO, Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Tom Ruttink
- ILVO, Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Baudino
- BVpam CNRS, FRE 3727, UJM-Saint-Étienne, Univ. Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurence Hibrant Saint-Oyant
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 42 rue Georges Morel BP 60057, 49 071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Jeremy Clotault
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 42 rue Georges Morel BP 60057, 49 071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Fabrice Foucher
- IRHS, Agrocampus-Ouest, INRA, Université d’Angers, SFR 4207 QuaSaV, 42 rue Georges Morel BP 60057, 49 071 Beaucouzé, France
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Matías-Hernández L, Aguilar-Jaramillo AE, Cigliano RA, Sanseverino W, Pelaz S. Flowering and trichome development share hormonal and transcription factor regulation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1209-19. [PMID: 26685187 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) and cytokinins (CKs) are plant hormones that act either synergistically or antagonistically during the regulation of different developmental processes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, GAs and CKs overlap in the positive regulation of processes such as the transition from the vegetative to the reproductive phase and the development of epidermal adaxial trichomes. Despite the fact that both developmental processes originate in the rosette leaves, they occur separately in time and space. Here we review how, as genetic and molecular mechanisms are being unraveled, both processes might be closely related. Additionally, this shared genetic network is not only dependent on GA and CK hormone signaling but is also strictly controlled by specific clades of transcription factor families. Some key flowering genes also control other rosette leaf developmental processes such as adaxial trichome formation. Conversely, most of the trichome activator genes, which belong to the MYB, bHLH and C2H2 families, were found to positively control the floral transition. Furthermore, three MADS floral organ identity genes, which are able to convert leaves into floral structures, are also able to induce trichome proliferation in the flower. These data lead us to propose that the spatio-temporal regulation and integration of diverse signals control different developmental processes, such as floral induction and trichome formation, which are intimately connected through similar genetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Matías-Hernández
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193 Barcelona, Spain Sequentia Biotech, Parc Científic de Barcelona (PCB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea E Aguilar-Jaramillo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Walter Sanseverino
- Sequentia Biotech, Parc Científic de Barcelona (PCB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Soraya Pelaz
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics, CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) 08193 Barcelona, Spain ICREA (Institució Catalana de Recerca i EstudisAvançats), Barcelona, Spain
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Martínez-Bello L, Moritz T, López-Díaz I. Silencing C19-GA 2-oxidases induces parthenocarpic development and inhibits lateral branching in tomato plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:5897-910. [PMID: 26093022 PMCID: PMC4566981 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones that regulate a wide range of developmental processes in plants. Levels of active GAs are regulated by biosynthetic and catabolic enzymes like the GA 2-oxidases (GA2oxs). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) C19 GA2oxs are encoded by a small multigenic family of five members with some degree of redundancy. In order to investigate their roles in tomato, the silencing of all five genes in transgenic plants was induced. A significant increase in active GA4 content was found in the ovaries of transgenic plants. In addition, the transgenic unfertilized ovaries were much bigger than wild-type ovaries (about 30 times) and a certain proportion (5-37%) were able to develop parthenocarpically. Among the GA2ox family, genes GA2ox1 and -2 seem to be the most relevant for this phenotype since their expression was induced in unfertilized ovaries and repressed in developing fruits, inversely correlating with ovary growth. Interestingly, transgenic lines exhibited a significant inhibition of branching and a higher content of active GA4 in axillary buds. This phenotype was reverted, in transgenic plants, by the application of paclobutrazol, a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, suggesting a role for GAs as repressors of branching. In summary, this work demonstrates that GA 2-oxidases regulate gibberellin levels in ovaries and axillary buds of tomato plants and their silencing is responsible for parthenocarpic fruit growth and branching inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliam Martínez-Bello
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, S-90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Isabel López-Díaz
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia (UPV)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ingeniero Fausto Elio s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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Bendahmane M, Dubois A, Raymond O, Bris ML. Genetics and genomics of flower initiation and development in roses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:847-57. [PMID: 23364936 PMCID: PMC3594942 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ers387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Roses hold high symbolic value and great cultural importance in different societies throughout human history. They are widely used as garden ornamental plants, as cut flowers, and for the production of essential oils for the perfume and cosmetic industries. Domestication of roses has a long and complex history, and the rose species have been hybridized across vast geographic areas such as Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. The domestication processes selected several flower characters affecting floral quality, such as recurrent flowering, double flowers, petal colours, and fragrance. The molecular and genetic events that determine some of these flower characters cannot be studied using model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, or at least only in a limited manner. In this review, we comment on the recent development of genetic, genomic, and transcriptomic tools for roses, and then focus on recent advances that have helped unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying several rose floral traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Bendahmane
- Reproduction et Développement des Plantes UMR INRA-CNRS-Université Lyon 1-ENSL, IFR128 BioSciences-Gerland Lyon sud, Ecole Normale Supérieure, 46 allée d'Italie, Lyon Cedex 07, France.
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