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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of CCCH Family in Roles of Flower Opening and Abiotic Stress in Osmanthus fragrans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315363. [PMID: 36499688 PMCID: PMC9735588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CCCH is a zinc finger family with a typical CCCH-type motif which performs a variety of roles in plant growth and development and responses to environmental stressors. However, the information about this family has not been reported for Osmanthus fragrans. In this study, a total of 66 CCCH predicted genes were identified from the O. fragrans genome, the majority of which had multiple CCCH motifs. The 66 OfCCCHs were found to be unevenly distributed on 21 chromosomes and were clustered into nine groups based on their phylogenetic analysis. In each group, the gene structure and domain makeup were comparatively conserved. The expression profiles of the OfCCCH genes were examined in various tissues, the flower-opening processes, and under various abiotic stresses using transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR). The results demonstrated the widespread expression of OfCCCHs in various tissues, the differential expression of 22 OfCCCHs during flower-opening stages, and the identification of 4, 5, and 13 OfCCCHs after ABA, salt, and drought stress treatment, respectively. Furthermore, characterization of the representative OfCCCHs (OfCCCH8, 23, 27, and 36) revealed that they were all localized in the nucleus and that the majority of them had transcriptional activation in the yeast system. Our research offers the first thorough examination of the OfCCCH family and lays the groundwork for future investigations regarding the functions of CCCH genes in O. fragrans.
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Yang Y, Miao Y, Zhong S, Fang Q, Wang Y, Dong B, Zhao H. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of XTH Gene Family during Flower-Opening Stages in Osmanthus fragrans. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081015. [PMID: 35448743 PMCID: PMC9031776 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osmanthus fragrans is an aromatic plant which is widely used in landscaping and garden greening in China. However, the process of flower opening is significantly affected by ambient temperature changes. Cell expansion in petals is the primary factor responsible for flower opening. Xyloglucan endoglycolase/hydrolase (XTH) is a cell-wall-loosening protein involved in cell expansion or cell-wall weakening. Through whole-genome analysis, 38 OfXTH genes were identified in O. fragrans which belong to the four main phylogenetic groups. The gene structure, chromosomal location, synteny relationship, and cis-acting elements prediction and expression patterns were analyzed on a genome-wide scale. The expression patterns showed that most OfXTHs were closely associated with the flower-opening period of O. fragrans. At the early flower-opening stage (S1 and S2), transcriptome and qRT-PCR analysis revealed the expression of OfXTH24, 27, 32, 35, and 36 significantly increased under low ambient temperature (19 °C). It is speculated that the five genes might be involved in the regulation of flower opening by responding to ambient temperature changes. Our results provide solid foundation for the functional analysis of OfXTH genes and help to explore the mechanism of flower opening responding to ambient temperature in O. fragrans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yunfeng Miao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shiwei Zhong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qiu Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yiguang Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Bin Dong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (Q.F.); (Y.W.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Hangzhou 311300, China
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (B.D.); (H.Z.)
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Sun X, Qin M, Yu Q, Huang Z, Xiao Y, Li Y, Ma N, Gao J. Molecular understanding of postharvest flower opening and senescence. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2021; 1:7. [PMID: 37789453 PMCID: PMC10514961 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-021-00015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Flowers are key organs in many ornamental plants, and various phases of flower development impact their economic value. The final stage of petal development is associated with flower senescence, which is an irreversible process involving programmed cell death, and premature senescence of cut flowers often results in major losses in quality during postharvest handling. Flower opening and senescence are two sequential processes. As flowers open, the stamens are exposed to attract pollinators. Once pollination occurs, flower senescence is initiated. Both the opening and senescence processes are regulated by a range of endogenous phytohormones and environmental factors. Ethylene acts as a central regulator for the ethylene-sensitive flowers. Other phytohormones, including auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid, are also involved in the control of petal expansion and senescence. Water status also directly influences postharvest flower opening, while pollination is a key event in initiating the onset flower senescence. Here, we review the current understanding of flower opening and senescence, and propose future research directions, such as the study of interactions between hormonal and environmental signals, the application of new technology, and interdisciplinary research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Meizhu Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yue Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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