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Kumar T, Wang JG, Xu CH, Lu X, Mao J, Lin XQ, Kong CY, Li CJ, Li XJ, Tian CY, Ebid MHM, Liu XL, Liu HB. Genetic Engineering for Enhancing Sugarcane Tolerance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1739. [PMID: 38999579 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Sugarcane, a vital cash crop, contributes significantly to the world's sugar supply and raw materials for biofuel production, playing a significant role in the global sugar industry. However, sustainable productivity is severely hampered by biotic and abiotic stressors. Genetic engineering has been used to transfer useful genes into sugarcane plants to improve desirable traits and has emerged as a basic and applied research method to maintain growth and productivity under different adverse environmental conditions. However, the use of transgenic approaches remains contentious and requires rigorous experimental methods to address biosafety challenges. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) mediated genome editing technology is growing rapidly and may revolutionize sugarcane production. This review aims to explore innovative genetic engineering techniques and their successful application in developing sugarcane cultivars with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses to produce superior sugarcane cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanweer Kumar
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agriculture, Fisheries and Co-Operative Department, Charsadda Road, Mardan 23210, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Jun-Gang Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Chao-Hua Xu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Xin Lu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Jun Mao
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Lin
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Chun-Yan Kong
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Chun-Jia Li
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Xu-Juan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Chun-Yan Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Mahmoud H M Ebid
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
- Sugar Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Xin-Long Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
| | - Hong-Bo Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Sugarcane Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Kaiyuan 661699, China
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Mehdi F, Cao Z, Zhang S, Gan Y, Cai W, Peng L, Wu Y, Wang W, Yang B. Factors affecting the production of sugarcane yield and sucrose accumulation: suggested potential biological solutions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1374228. [PMID: 38803599 PMCID: PMC11128568 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1374228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Environmental stresses are the main constraints on agricultural productivity and food security worldwide. This issue is worsened by abrupt and severe changes in global climate. The formation of sugarcane yield and the accumulation of sucrose are significantly influenced by biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding the biochemical, physiological, and environmental phenomena associated with these stresses is essential to increase crop production. This review explores the effect of environmental factors on sucrose content and sugarcane yield and highlights the negative effects of insufficient water supply, temperature fluctuations, insect pests, and diseases. This article also explains the mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the role of different metabolites under environmental stresses, and highlights the function of environmental stress-related resistance genes in sugarcane. This review further discusses sugarcane crop improvement approaches, with a focus on endophytic mechanism and consortium endophyte application in sugarcane plants. Endophytes are vital in plant defense; they produce bioactive molecules that act as biocontrol agents to enhance plant immune systems and modify environmental responses through interaction with plants. This review provides an overview of internal mechanisms to enhance sugarcane plant growth and environmental resistance and offers new ideas for improving sugarcane plant fitness and crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Mehdi
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Zhengying Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Yimei Gan
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wenwei Cai
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Lishun Peng
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Yuanli Wu
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Wenzhi Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
| | - Benpeng Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Tropical Crop Breeding, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Sanya, China
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Mohanan MV, Thelakat Sasikumar SP, Jayanarayanan AN, Selvarajan D, Ramanathan V, Shivalingamurthy SG, Raju G, Govind H, Chinnaswamy A. Transgenic sugarcane overexpressing Glyoxalase III improved germination and biomass production at formative stage under salinity and water-deficit stress conditions. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:52. [PMID: 38274846 PMCID: PMC10805895 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase system, involving Glyoxalase I (GlyI) and Glyoxalase II (Gly II), plays a vital role in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. A novel enzyme Glyoxalase III (Gly III) was found recently from bacteria, yeast, and plant species. This enzyme provides a new way to detoxify Methylglyoxal (MG), a cytotoxic α-oxoaldehyde, which, in excess, can cause complete cell destruction by forming Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) or DNA/RNA mutation. In this background, the current study examined sugarcane transgenic events that exhibit an increase in expression of EaGly III, to assess their performance in terms of germination and biomass production during formative stage under stress conditions. Southern blot analysis outcomes confirmed the integration of transgene in the transgenic plants. The results from quantitative RT-PCR analyses confirmed high expression levels of EaGly III in transgenic events compared to wild type (WT) under salinity (100 and 200 mM NaCl) and drought (withholding watering) conditions. Transgenic events exhibited enhanced biomass productivity ranged between 0.141 Kg/pot and 0.395 Kg/pot under 200 mM salinity and 0.262 Kg/pot and 0.666 Kg/pot under drought stress. Further, transgenic events observed significantly higher germination rates under salinity and drought conditions compared to that of WT. Subcellular localization prediction by EaGlyIII-GFP fusion expression in sugarcane callus showed that it is distributed across the cytoplasm, thus indicating its widespread activity within the cell. These results strongly suggest that enhancing EaGly III activity is a useful strategy to improve the salinity and drought-tolerance in sugarcane as well as other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dharshini Selvarajan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007 India
| | - Valarmathi Ramanathan
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007 India
| | | | - Gomathi Raju
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007 India
| | - Hemaprabha Govind
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007 India
| | - Appunu Chinnaswamy
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641007 India
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Naveenarani M, Swamy HKM, Surya Krishna S, Mahadevaiah C, Valarmathi R, Manickavasagam M, Arun M, Hemaprabha G, Appunu C. Isolation and Characterization of Erianthus arundinaceus Phosphate Transporter 1 (PHT1) Gene Promoter and 5' Deletion Analysis of Transcriptional Regulation Regions under Phosphate Stress in Transgenic Tobacco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3760. [PMID: 37960116 PMCID: PMC10650210 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus deficiency highly interferes with plant growth and development. Plants respond to persistent P deficiency by coordinating the expression of genes involved in the alleviation of stress. Promoters of phosphate transporter genes are a great choice for the development of genetically modified plants with enhanced phosphate uptake abilities, which improve crop yields in phosphate-deficient soils. In our previous study, the sugarcane phosphate transporter PHT1;2 gene showed a significantly high expression under salinity stress. In this study, the Erianthus arundinaceus EaPHT1;2 gene was isolated and characterized using various in silico tools. The deduced 542 amino acid residues have 10 transmembrane domains, with a molecular weight and isoelectric point of 58.9 kDa and 9.80, respectively. They displayed 71-96% similarity with Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, and the Saccharum hybrid. To elucidate the function of the 5' regulatory region, the 1.1 kb promoter was isolated and validated in tobacco transgenics under Pi stress. The EaPHT1;2 promoter activity was detected using a β-glucuronidase (GUS) assay. The EaPHT1;2 promoter showed 3- to 4.2-fold higher expression than the most widely used CaMV35S promoter. The 5' deletion analysis with and without 5' UTRs revealed a small-sized 374 bp fragment with the highest promoter activity among 5' truncated fragments, which was 2.7 and 4.2 times higher than the well-used CaMV35S promoter under normal and Pi deprivation conditions, respectively. The strong and short promoter of EaPHT1;2 with 374 bp showed significant expression in low-Pi-stress conditions and it could be a valuable source for the development of stress-tolerant transgenic crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugan Naveenarani
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
- Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Huskur Kumaraswamy Mahadeva Swamy
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Sakthivel Surya Krishna
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Channappa Mahadevaiah
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
- Division of Vegetable Crops, Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramanathan Valarmathi
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Markandan Manickavasagam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Muthukrishnan Arun
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Govindakurup Hemaprabha
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
| | - Chinnaswamy Appunu
- Division of Crop Improvement, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore 641007, Tamil Nadu, India; (M.N.); (H.K.M.S.); (S.S.K.); (C.M.); (R.V.); (G.H.)
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Wei J, Li H, Gui Y, Zhou H, Zhang R, Zhu K, Liu X. Coordination of m 6A mRNA Methylation and Gene Transcriptome in Sugarcane Response to Drought Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3668. [PMID: 37960025 PMCID: PMC10650135 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of mRNA is involved in biological processes essential for plant growth. To explore the m6A modification of sugarcane and reveal its regulatory function, methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) was used to construct the m6A map of sugarcane. In this study, m6A sites of sugarcane transcriptome were significantly enriched around the stop codon and within 3'-untranslated regions (3'UTR). Gene ontology (GO) analysis showed that the m6A modification genes are associated with metabolic biosynthesis. In addition, the m6A modification of drought-resistant transcript mRNA increased significantly under drought (DR) treatment, resulting in enhanced mRNA stability, which is involved in regulating sugarcane drought resistance. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that differentially methylated peak (DMP) modification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DR were particularly associated with abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis. The upregulated genes were significantly enriched in the ABA metabolism, ethylene response, fatty acid metabolism, and negative regulation of the abscisic acid activation signaling pathway. These findings provide a basis and resource for sugarcane RNA epigenetic studies and further increase our knowledge of the functions of m6A modifications in RNA under abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinju Wei
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Haibi Li
- Guangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 532415, China;
| | - Yiyun Gui
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Kai Zhu
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Xihui Liu
- Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (J.W.); (Y.G.); (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
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