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Charrier M, Marie A, Guillaume D, Bédouet L, Le Lannic J, Roiland C, Berland S, Pierre JS, Le Floch M, Frenot Y, Lebouvier M. Soil calcium availability influences shell ecophenotype formation in the sub-antarctic land snail, Notodiscus hookeri. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84527. [PMID: 24376821 PMCID: PMC3869943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecophenotypes reflect local matches between organisms and their environment, and show plasticity across generations in response to current living conditions. Plastic responses in shell morphology and shell growth have been widely studied in gastropods and are often related to environmental calcium availability, which influences shell biomineralisation. To date, all of these studies have overlooked micro-scale structure of the shell, in addition to how it is related to species responses in the context of environmental pressure. This study is the first to demonstrate that environmental factors induce a bi-modal variation in the shell micro-scale structure of a land gastropod. Notodiscus hookeri is the only native land snail present in the Crozet Archipelago (sub-Antarctic region). The adults have evolved into two ecophenotypes, which are referred to here as MS (mineral shell) and OS (organic shell). The MS-ecophenotype is characterised by a thick mineralised shell. It is primarily distributed along the coastline, and could be associated to the presence of exchangeable calcium in the clay minerals of the soils. The Os-ecophenotype is characterised by a thin organic shell. It is primarily distributed at high altitudes in the mesic and xeric fell-fields in soils with large particles that lack clay and exchangeable calcium. Snails of the Os-ecophenotype are characterised by thinner and larger shell sizes compared to snails of the MS-ecophenotype, indicating a trade-off between mineral thickness and shell size. This pattern increased along a temporal scale; whereby, older adult snails were more clearly separated into two clusters compared to the younger adult snails. The prevalence of glycine-rich proteins in the organic shell layer of N. hookeri, along with the absence of chitin, differs to the organic scaffolds of molluscan biominerals. The present study provides new insights for testing the adaptive value of phenotypic plasticity in response to spatial and temporal environmental variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryvonne Charrier
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, UMR CNRS 6553, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Arul Marie
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Plateforme de Spectrométrie de Masse et de Protéomique, UMR CNRS 7245, Département Régulation Développement et Diversité Moléculaire, Paris, France
| | - Damien Guillaume
- Université de Toulouse, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, UMR 5563 (CNRS/UPS/IRD/CNES), Toulouse, France.
| | - Laurent Bédouet
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, UMR CNRS 7208 / IRD 207, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Le Lannic
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Service Commun de Microscopie Electronique à Balayage et micro-Analyse, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Roiland
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Sophie Berland
- Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, UMR CNRS 7208 / IRD 207, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Pierre
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, UMR CNRS 6553, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Le Floch
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR CNRS 6226, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Yves Frenot
- Institut Polaire Français Paul Émile Victor, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Marc Lebouvier
- Université de Rennes 1, Université Européenne de Bretagne, UMR CNRS 6553, Station Biologique, Paimpont, France
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Buckley TR, Stringer I, Gleeson D, Howitt R, Attanayake D, Parrish R, Sherley G, Rohan M. A revision of the New Zealand Placostylus land snails using mitochondrial DNA and shell morphometric analyses, with implications for conservation. NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2010.527997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- TR Buckley
- a Landcare Research , Auckland, New Zealand
| | - I Stringer
- b Department of Conservation , Wellington, New Zealand
| | - D Gleeson
- a Landcare Research , Auckland, New Zealand
| | - R Howitt
- a Landcare Research , Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - R Parrish
- c Karaka RD1 , Papakura, New Zealand
| | - G Sherley
- d United Nations Environmental Programme , Matautu Uta, Apia, Samoa
| | - M Rohan
- b Department of Conservation , Wellington, New Zealand
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Pisanu B, Caut S, Gutjahr S, Vernon P, Chapuis JL. Introduced black rats Rattus rattus on Ile de la Possession (Iles Crozet, Subantarctic): diet and trophic position in food webs. Polar Biol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-010-0867-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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