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Liu C, Wen S, Li S, Tian Y, Wang L, Zhu L, Wang J, Kim YM, Wang J. Enhanced remediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil by immobilized strain Bacillus H27. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 144:172-184. [PMID: 38802229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos is a pesticide widely used in agricultural production with a relatively long residual half-life in soil. Addressing the problem of residual chlorpyrifos is of universal concern. In this study, rice hull biochar was used as an immobilized carrier to prepare the immobilized strain H27 for the remediation of chlorpyrifos-contamination soil. Soil microorganisms after remediation were investigated by ecotoxicological methods. The immobilized strain H27 had the highest removal rate of chlorpyrifos when 10% bacterial solution was added to the liquid medium containing 0.075-0.109 mm diameter biochar cultured for 22 hr. This study on the removal of chlorpyrifos by immobilized strain H27 showed that the initial concentration of chlorpyrifos in solution was 25 mg/L, and the removal rate reached 97.4% after 7 days of culture. In the soil, the removal rate of the immobilized bacteria group increased throughout the experiment, which was significantly higher than that of the free bacteria and biochar treatment groups. The Biolog-ECO test, T-RFLP and RT-RCR were used to study the effects of the soil microbial community and nitrogen cycling functional genes during chlorpyrifos degradation. It was found that ICP group had the highest diversity index among the four treatment groups. The microflora of segment containing 114 bp was the dominant bacterial community, and the dominant microflora of the immobilized bacteria group was more evenly distributed. The influence of each treatment group on ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was greater than on ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). This study offers a sound scientific basis for the practical application of immobilized bacteria to reduce residual soil pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changrui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shengfang Wen
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yu Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lanjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lusheng Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jun Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Young Mo Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jinhua Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Universities of Shandong, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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Boreddy SKR, Gogoi MM, Hegde P, Suresh Babu S. Chemical composition, source characteristics, and hygroscopic properties of organic-enriched aerosols in the high Arctic during summer. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 942:173780. [PMID: 38844230 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Arctic regions are extremely sensitive to global warming. Aerosols are one of the most important short-lived climate-forcing agents affecting the Arctic climate. The present study examines the summertime chemical characteristics and potential sources of various organic and inorganic aerosols at a Norwegian Arctic site, Ny-Ålesund (79°N). The results show that organic matter (OM) accounts for 60 % of the total PM10 mass, followed by sulfate (SO42-). Water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) contributes 62 % of OC. Photochemical processes involving diverse anthropogenic and biogenic precursor compounds are identified as the major sources of WSOC, while water-insoluble organic carbon (WIOC) aerosols are predominantly linked to primary marine emissions. Despite being a remote pristine site, the aerosols show a sign of chemical aging, evidenced by a significant chloride depletion, which was about 82 % on average during the study period. Nitrogen-containing aerosols are likely stemming from migratory seabird colonies and local dust sources around the sampling site. While biogenic, crustal, and sea salt-derived SO42- account for 37%, 8%, and 5% respectively, the remaining 50% is attributed to anthropogenic SO42-. Through chemical tracers, Pearson correlation coefficient matrix, and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), the present study identifies soil biota (terrestrial biogenic) and marine emissions, along with their photochemical oxidation processes, as potential sources of Arctic aerosols during summer, while biomass burning and combustion-related sources have a minor contribution. The chemical closure of hygroscopicity highlights that while organics predominantly control aerosol hygroscopicity in the Arctic summer, specific inorganic components like (NH4)2SO4 can significantly increase it on certain days, affecting aerosol-cloud interactions and climate processes over the Arctic during summer. The present study highlights the high abundance of organics and their vital role in the Arctic climate during summer when natural aerosols are conquered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K R Boreddy
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India.
| | - Mukunda M Gogoi
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
| | - Prashant Hegde
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
| | - S Suresh Babu
- Space Physics Laboratory, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695022, India
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Microbiogeochemical Traits to Identify Nitrogen Hotspots in Permafrost Regions. NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3030031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Permafrost-affected tundra soils are large carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) reservoirs. However, N is largely bound in soil organic matter (SOM), and ecosystems generally have low N availability. Therefore, microbial induced N-cycling processes and N losses were considered negligible. Recent studies show that microbial N processing rates, inorganic N availability, and lateral N losses from thawing permafrost increase when vegetation cover is disturbed, resulting in reduced N uptake or increased N input from thawing permafrost. In this review, we describe currently known N hotspots, particularly bare patches in permafrost peatland or permafrost soils affected by thermokarst, and their microbiogeochemical characteristics, and present evidence for previously unrecorded N hotspots in the tundra. We summarize the current understanding of microbial N cycling processes that promote the release of the potent greenhouse gas (GHG) nitrous oxide (N2O) and the translocation of inorganic N from terrestrial into aquatic ecosystems. We suggest that certain soil characteristics and microbial traits can be used as indicators of N availability and N losses. Identifying N hotspots in permafrost soils is key to assessing the potential for N release from permafrost-affected soils under global warming, as well as the impact of increased N availability on emissions of carbon-containing GHGs.
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Hayashi K, Tanabe Y, Fujitake N, Kida M, Wang Y, Hayatsu M, Kudoh S. Ammonia Oxidation Potentials and Ammonia Oxidizers of Lichen-Moss Vegetated Soils at Two Ice-free Areas in East Antarctica. Microbes Environ 2020; 35:ME19126. [PMID: 32009017 PMCID: PMC7104286 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me19126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The maximum ammonia oxidation potential (AOP) of a topsoil in Langhovde, East Antarctica was 22.1±2.4 ng N g-1 dry soil h-1 (2 mM ammonium, 10°C, n=3). This topsoil exhibited twin AOP peaks (1 and 2 mM ammonium) at 10°C, but not at 20°C. Six and ten operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified for ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) amoA, respectively. AOB were classified into Nitrosospira; the two dominant OTUs corresponded to the Mount Everest cluster. AOA were classified into three clusters; Nitrososphaera and Nitrosocosmicus were the two dominant clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hayashi
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305–8604, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa 190–8518, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa 190–8518, Japan
| | - Nobuhide Fujitake
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657–8501, Japan
| | - Morimaru Kida
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe 657–8501, Japan
- Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305–8604, Japan
| | - Masahito Hayatsu
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305–8604, Japan
| | - Sakae Kudoh
- National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa 190–8518, Japan
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Tachikawa 190–8518, Japan
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Sanders T, Fiencke C, Hüpeden J, Pfeiffer EM, Spieck E. Cold Adapted Nitrosospira sp.: A Potential Crucial Contributor of Ammonia Oxidation in Cryosols of Permafrost-Affected Landscapes in Northeast Siberia. Microorganisms 2019; 7:E699. [PMID: 31847402 PMCID: PMC6955795 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Permafrost-affected landscape soils are rich in organic matter and contain a high fraction of organic nitrogen, but much of this organic matter remains inaccessible due to nitrogen limitation. Microbial nitrification is a key process in the nitrogen cycle, controlling the availability of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) such as ammonium and nitrate. In this study, we investigate the microbial diversity of canonical nitrifiers and their potential nitrifying activity in the active layer of different Arctic cryosols in the Lena River Delta in North-East Siberia. These cryosols are located on Samoylov Island, which has two geomorphological landscapes with mineral soils in the modern floodplain and organic-rich soils in the low-centered polygonal tundra of the Holocene river terrace. Microcosm incubations show that the highest potential ammonia oxidation rates are found in low organic soils, and the rates depend on organic matter content and quality, vegetation cover, and water content. As shown by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, nitrifiers represented 0.6% to 6.2% of the total microbial community. More than 50% of the nitrifiers belonged to the genus Nitrosospira. Based on PCR amoA analysis, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were found in nearly all soil types, whereas ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) were only detected in low-organic soils. In cultivation-based approaches, mainly Nitrosospira-like AOB were enriched and characterized as psychrotolerant, with temperature optima slightly above 20 °C. This study suggests a ubiquitous distribution of ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (bacteria and archaea) in permafrost-affected landscapes of Siberia with cold-adapted AOB, especially of the genus Nitrosospira, as potentially crucial ammonia oxidizers in the cryosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Sanders
- Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Institut für Küstenforschung, Max-Planck-Str. 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Claudia Fiencke
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Bodenkunde, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (C.F.); (E.M.P.)
- Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hüpeden
- Universität Hamburg, Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (E.S.)
| | - Eva Maria Pfeiffer
- Universität Hamburg, Institut für Bodenkunde, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany; (C.F.); (E.M.P.)
- Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability, Universität Hamburg, Allende-Platz 2, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Spieck
- Universität Hamburg, Mikrobiologie und Biotechnologie, Ohnhorststr. 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany; (J.H.); (E.S.)
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Hayashi K, Tanabe Y, Ono K, Loonen MJJE, Asano M, Fujitani H, Tokida T, Uchida M, Hayatsu M. Seabird-affected taluses are denitrification hotspots and potential N 2O emitters in the High Arctic. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17261. [PMID: 30467371 PMCID: PMC6250683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In High Arctic tundra ecosystems, seabird colonies create nitrogen cycling hotspots because of bird-derived labile organic matter. However, knowledge about the nitrogen cycle in such ornithocoprophilous tundra is limited. Here, we determined denitrification potentials and in-situ nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions of surface soils on plant-covered taluses under piscivorous seabird cliffs at two sites (BL and ST) near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, in the European High Arctic. Talus soils at both locations had very high denitrification potentials at 10 °C (2.62–4.88 mg N kg−1 dry soil h−1), near the mean daily maximum air temperature in July in Ny-Ålesund, with positive temperature responses at 20 °C (Q10 values, 1.6–2.3). The talus soils contained abundant denitrification genes, suggesting that they are denitrification hotspots. However, high in-situ N2O emissions, indicating the presence of both active aerobic nitrification and anaerobic denitrification, were observed only at BL (max. 16.6 µg N m−2 h−1). Rapid nitrogen turnover at BL was supported by lower carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, higher nitrate content, and higher δ15N values in the soils at BL compared with those at ST. These are attributed to the 30-fold larger seabird density at BL than at ST, providing the larger organic matter input.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Hayashi
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 305-8604, Tsukuba, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Tanabe
- National Institute of Polar Research, 190-8518, Tachikawa, Japan.,SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 190-8518, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ono
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 305-8604, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Maki Asano
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 305-8572, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Fujitani
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, 162-8480, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tokida
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 305-8604, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaki Uchida
- National Institute of Polar Research, 190-8518, Tachikawa, Japan.,SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 190-8518, Tachikawa, Japan
| | - Masahito Hayatsu
- Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 305-8604, Tsukuba, Japan
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7
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He H, Zhen Y, Mi T, Fu L, Yu Z. Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria Differentially Contribute to Ammonia Oxidation in Sediments from Adjacent Waters of Rushan Bay, China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:116. [PMID: 29456526 PMCID: PMC5801408 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ammonia oxidation plays a significant role in the nitrogen cycle in marine sediments. Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) are the key contributors to ammonia oxidation, and their relative contribution to this process is one of the most important issues related to the nitrogen cycle in the ocean. In this study, the differential contributions of AOA and AOB to ammonia oxidation in surface sediments from adjacent waters of Rushan Bay were studied based on the ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) gene. Molecular biology techniques were used to analyze ammonia oxidizers’ community characteristics, and potential nitrification incubation was applied to understand the ammonia oxidizers’ community activity. The objective was to determine the community structure and activity of AOA and AOB in surface sediments from adjacent waters of Rushan Bay and to discuss the different contributions of AOA and AOB to ammonia oxidation during summer and winter seasons in the studied area. Pyrosequencing analysis revealed that the diversity of AOA was higher than that of AOB. The majority of AOA and AOB clustered into Nitrosopumilus and Nitrosospira, respectively, indicating that the Nitrosopumilus group and Nitrosospira groups may be more adaptable in studied sediments. The AOA community was closely correlated to temperature, salinity and ammonium concentration, whereas the AOB community showed a stronger correlation with temperature, chlorophyll-a content (chla) and nitrite concentration. qPCR results showed that both the abundance and the transcript abundance of AOA was consistently greater than that of AOB. AOA and AOB differentially contributed to ammonia oxidation in different seasons. AOB occupied the dominant position in mediating ammonia oxidation during summer, while AOA might play a dominant role in ammonia oxidation during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui He
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Zhen
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Tiezhu Mi
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China.,College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lulu Fu
- College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
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8
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Laanbroek HJ, Veenhuizen PTM, Keijzer RM, Hefting MM. Numerical Relationships Between Archaeal and Bacterial amoA Genes Vary by Icelandic Andosol Classes. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:204-215. [PMID: 28707145 PMCID: PMC5742608 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial amoA genes had not been detectable by qPCR in freshly sampled Icelandic Andosols thus far. Hence, a new primer set yielding shorter gene fragments has been designed to verify the absence of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in different Icelandic Andosol classes. At the same time, a new primer set was also constructed for archaeal amoA genes that should improve the quality of PCR products. Although a large part of the soil samples were found to be amoA-negative, bacterial amoA genes were detectable with new as well as old primer sets. The same results were obtained for the archaeal amoA genes. The relative distribution of archaeal and bacterial amoA genes varied between Andosol classes. Archaeal amoA genes were significantly more abundant in Brown than in Histic Andosols, while the opposite was observed for bacterial amoA genes. The numbers of archaeal and bacterial amoA genes in Gleyic Andosols were not significantly different from those in Histic and Brown Andosols. The numbers of bacterial amoA genes, but not the numbers of archaeal amoA genes, correlated significantly and positively with potential ammonia oxidation activities. The presence of the bacterial nitrification inhibitor allylthiourea inhibited the potential ammonia oxidation activities during the first 12 h of incubation. Hence, it was concluded that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria profited most from the conditions during the measurements of potential ammonia oxidation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrikus J Laanbroek
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter T M Veenhuizen
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde M Keijzer
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariet M Hefting
- Ecology and Biodiversity Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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McCann CM, Wade MJ, Gray ND, Roberts JA, Hubert CRJ, Graham DW. Microbial Communities in a High Arctic Polar Desert Landscape. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:419. [PMID: 27065980 PMCID: PMC4814466 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The High Arctic is dominated by polar desert habitats whose microbial communities are poorly understood. In this study, we used next generation sequencing to describe the α- and β-diversity of microbial communities in polar desert soils from the Kongsfjorden region of Svalbard. Ten phyla dominated the soils and accounted for 95% of all sequences, with the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi being the major lineages. In contrast to previous investigations of Arctic soils, relative Acidobacterial abundances were found to be very low as were the Archaea throughout the Kongsfjorden polar desert landscape. Lower Acidobacterial abundances were attributed to characteristic circumneutral soil pHs in this region, which has resulted from the weathering of underlying carbonate bedrock. In addition, we compared previously measured geochemical conditions as possible controls on soil microbial communities. Phosphorus, pH, nitrogen, and calcium levels all significantly correlated with β-diversity, indicating landscape-scale lithological control of available nutrients, which in turn, significantly influenced soil community composition. In addition, soil phosphorus and pH significantly correlated with α-diversity, particularly with the Shannon diversity and Chao 1 richness indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M McCann
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthew J Wade
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil D Gray
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Casey R J Hubert
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne, UK; Energy Bioengineering and Geomicrobiology, University of Calgary, CalgaryAB, Canada
| | - David W Graham
- School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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