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Berczeli M, Chinnadurai P, Veress DS, Diaz O, Bavare CS, Lumsden AB. Added Value of Selective Intra-arterial Cone-Beam CT Angiography in the Management of Visceral Artery Aneurysms. J Endovasc Ther 2024; 31:214-222. [PMID: 35983655 DOI: 10.1177/15266028221118510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of selective intra-arterial cone-beam computed tomography angiography (CBCTA) relative to conventional computed tomography angiography (CTA) in understanding visceral artery aneurysm (VAA) morphology, and its impact on treatment planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between January 2017 and August 2021, all patients who had a diagnosis of VAA and underwent intraoperative CBCTA imaging were retrospectively reviewed. Impact on treatment decisions, optimal C-arm angulations derived from CBCTA, and additional radiation exposure were reported. Two blinded independent reviewers qualitatively reviewed CBCTA and conventional CTA images. A 5-point Likert scale (1=poor image quality, 5=excellent image quality) was used to assess the overall image quality of each modality. Number of vessels arising from the aneurysm sac was counted. RESULTS A total of 16 patients had a diagnosis of VAA during the study period, of whom 10 patients had intraoperative CBCTA and conventional CTA available for review. Out of 10 patients, 7 underwent successful endovascular treatment, 2 were deemed not amenable for endovascular embolization based on intraoperative CBCTA findings, and 1 had resolved pseudoaneurysm. Total fluoroscopy time and radiation dose (dose area product [DAP] and skin dose) for all procedures were 27.7 ± 19.9 minutes, 28 362 (±18 651) µGy*m2, and 1879 (±1734) mGy, respectively. Radiation exposure from CBCTA (DAP and skin dose) was 5703 (±3967) µGy*m2 and 223.6 (±141.3) mGy, respectively. In patients who underwent endovascular treatment, the proportional DAP from CBCTA was 18.3% (±15.3%) of the total procedural radiation dose. Qualitative rating of overall image quality of CBCTA images was superior to CTA images (mean score: 4.55 vs 3, p<0.001). More branch vessels arising from the VAA were identified by all reviewers in CBCTA as compared with conventional CTA (median, min-max: 3, 0-4 vs 2,1-3 vessels). CONCLUSION Intraoperative CBCTA after selective intra-arterial contrast injection, with better spatial resolution, provided better delineation of visceral aneurysm morphology as compared with conventional, intravenous CTA and enabled optimal treatment planning at a reasonable additional radiation exposure. CLINICAL IMPACT Visceral artery aneurysms (VAA) are often diagnosed incidentally by conventional computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Endovascular treatment typically requires selective angiographies at multiple projections to better understand aneurysm morphology, location, and efferent branch vessels. Intra-arterial cone-beam CT angiography (CBCTA) for VAA has the advantage of selective contrast opacification, better spatial resolution, and three-dimensional/multi-planar visualization of aneurysm morphology. In addition, CBCTA enables identification of optimal C-arm working projection for subsequent endovascular treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of intraoperative CBCTA relative to conventional CTA in understanding visceral artery aneurysm morphology and its impact on treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marton Berczeli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ponraj Chinnadurai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
- Siemens Medical Solutions USA Inc., Malvern, PA, USA
| | - Daniel S Veress
- Department of Biophysics and Radiation Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orlando Diaz
- Department of Interventional Neurology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charudatta S Bavare
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alan B Lumsden
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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Omar MKM, Othman MHM, Morgan R, Abdallah AH, Seif H, Zidan M, Khairallah M, El-Aleem RA. Analysis of outcomes of endovascular embolisation: A cross-sectional two-center study on 46 visceral artery pseudoaneurysms. CVIR Endovasc 2021; 4:60. [PMID: 34269932 PMCID: PMC8285451 DOI: 10.1186/s42155-021-00248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms (VAPAs) are uncommon in clinical practice but may have serious clinical outcomes up to death. Endovascular management is a safe effective alternative option to traditional surgical procedures. This study assesses the outcome of different embolic materials and techniques used in the endovascular management of VAPAs. Materials and methods This is a two-center retrospective analysis of endovascular embolisation of 46 VAPAs, with a mean pseudoaneurysm size of 13 ± 11.35 mm, that were urgently managed between July 2018 and March 2020. Patients’ presentations were GIT hemorrhage, intrabdominal hemorrhage, hematuria, and abdominal pain in 34.78%, 30.43%, 23.91%, and 10.87% respectively. Management using coils only was done in 28/46 patients (60.87%), NBCA glue only in 16/46 patients (34.78%), combined coils and NBCA glue in 1/46 patient (2.17%), and Amplatzer plugs only in 1 patient (2.17%). The management techniques were sac packing in 9/46 patients (19.57%), inflow occlusion in 28/46 patients (60.87%) and trapping in 9/46 patients (19.57%). All patients were followed-up for 1 year after the procedure. Results The overall clinical success and periprocedural complication rates were 93.48%, and 15.22% respectively, and 30-day mortality was zero. Clinical success was 92.86% in the coil subgroup (n = 28), and 93.75% in the NBCA glue subgroup (n = 16). The technical success rate was 100%. Effectiveness of the procedures during the follow-up was 97.83%. Target lesion re-intervention rate was 2.17%. Conclusion Transarterial embolisation can provide high technical and clinical success rates with low periprocedural complication and re-intervention rates, as well as satisfactory procedure effectiveness in the management of VAPAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moustafa H M Othman
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Robert Morgan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, St. George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Hany Seif
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Zidan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Khairallah
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Reham Abd El-Aleem
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Assiut University Hospitals, Assiut, Egypt
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Venturini M, Marra P, Colombo M, Alparone M, Agostini G, Bertoglio L, Sallemi C, Salvioni M, Gusmini S, Balzano G, Castellano R, Aldrighetti L, Tshomba Y, Falconi M, Melissano G, De Cobelli F, Chiesa R, Del Maschio A. Endovascular Treatment of Visceral Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms in 100 Patients: Covered Stenting vs Transcatheter Embolization. J Endovasc Ther 2017; 24:709-717. [DOI: 10.1177/1526602817717715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To retrospectively report a large single-center experience of visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) and pseudoaneurysms (VAPAs) treated with covered stenting (CS) as the first therapeutic option vs transcatheter embolization (TE). Methods: One hundred patients (mean age 59±14 years; 58 men) underwent 59 elective and 41 emergent endovascular procedures to treat 51 VAAs and 49 VAPAs. Seventy patients had TE and 30 received CS (27 Viabahn and 3 coronary stent grafts). Both TE and CS were performed in 10 cases. Results: Technical success was 96% (97% CS, 96% TE), and 30-day clinical success was 83% (87% CS, 81.4% TE). Four major complications occurred; 30-day mortality was 7%, mainly due to septic shock following pancreatic surgery. The midterm follow-up was 20.8 months in the total population and 32.8 months in the CS group. More than 6 months after CS all aneurysms remained excluded; stent patency was achieved in 88%. Twelve CS patients with >3 years’ follow-up had maintained stent patency. Conclusion: In endovascular treatment of visceral aneurysms, covered stenting was feasible in 30%. CS showed a slightly better efficacy than TE and good midterm patency. The Viabahn covered stent seems to be suitable for endovascular repair of tortuous visceral arteries affected by true or false aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Venturini
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Marra
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Colombo
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Alparone
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Agostini
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Bertoglio
- Department of Vascular Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Sallemi
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Salvioni
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Gusmini
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Balzano
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renata Castellano
- Department of Vascular Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Aldrighetti
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Yamume Tshomba
- Department of Vascular Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Falconi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Germano Melissano
- Department of Vascular Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco De Cobelli
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiesa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Maschio
- Department of Radiology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Cappucci M, Zarco F, Orgera G, López-Rueda A, Moreno J, Laurino F, Barnes D, Tipaldi MA, Gomez F, Macho Fernandez J, Rossi M. Endovascular treatment of visceral artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms with stent-graft: Analysis of immediate and long-term results. Cir Esp 2017; 95:283-292. [PMID: 28583724 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2017.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to analyze the safety and efficacy of stent-graft endovascular treatment for visceral artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. METHODS Multicentric retrospective series of patients with visceral aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms treated by means of stent graft. The following variables were analyzed: Age, sex, type of lesion (aneurysms/pseudoaneurysms), localization, rate of success, intraprocedural and long term complication rate (SIR classification). Follow-up was performed under clinical and radiological assessment. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (16 men), with a mean age of 59 (range 27-79), were treated. The indication was aneurysm in 19 patients and pseudoaneurysms in 6. The localizations were: splenic artery (12), hepatic artery (5), renal artery (4), celiac trunk (3) and gastroduodenal artery (1). Successful treatment rate was 96% (24/25 patients). Intraprocedural complication rate was 12% (4% major; 8% minor). Complete occlusion was demonstrated during follow up (mean 33 months, range 6-72) in the 24 patients with technical success. Two stent migrations (2/24; 8%) and 4stent thrombosis (4/24; 16%) were detected. Mortality rate was 0%. CONCLUSION In our study, stent-graft endovascular treatment of visceral aneurysmns and pseudoaneurysms has demonstrated to be safe and is effective in the long-term in both elective and emergent cases, with a high rate of successful treatment and a low complication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Cappucci
- Unidad de Intervencionismo, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Policlínico Universitario S. Andrea Sapienza, Roma, Italia
| | - Federico Zarco
- Sección de Intervencionismo Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Gianluigi Orgera
- Unidad de Intervencionismo, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Policlínico Universitario S. Andrea Sapienza, Roma, Italia
| | - Antonio López-Rueda
- Sección de Intervencionismo Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Javier Moreno
- Sección de Diagnóstico Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Florindo Laurino
- Unidad de Diagnóstico de Patología Vascular, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Policlínico Universitario S. Andrea Sapienza, Roma, Italia
| | - Daniel Barnes
- Sección de Intervencionismo Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Marcello Andrea Tipaldi
- Unidad de Diagnóstico de Patología Vascular, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Policlínico Universitario S. Andrea Sapienza, Roma, Italia
| | - Fernando Gomez
- Sección de Intervencionismo Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | - Juan Macho Fernandez
- Sección de Intervencionismo Vascular, Centro de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Hospital Universitario Clinic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Michele Rossi
- Unidad de Intervencionismo, Servicio de Diagnóstico por Imagen, Policlínico Universitario S. Andrea Sapienza, Roma, Italia
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Cappucci M, Zarco F, Orgera G, López-Rueda A, Moreno J, Laurino F, Barnes D, Tipaldi MA, Gomez F, Macho Fernandez J, Rossi M. Endovascular Treatment of Visceral Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms With Stent-Graft: Analysis of Immediate and Long-Term Results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cireng.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Kok HK, Asadi H, Sheehan M, Given MF, Lee MJ. Systematic Review and Single-Center Experience for Endovascular Management of Visceral and Renal Artery Aneurysms. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2016; 27:1630-1641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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de Ruiter QMB, Reitsma JB, Moll FL, van Herwaarden JA. Meta-analysis of Cumulative Radiation Duration and Dose During EVAR Using Mobile, Fixed, or Fixed/3D Fusion C-Arms. J Endovasc Ther 2016; 23:944-956. [DOI: 10.1177/1526602816668305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the total fluoroscopy time and radiation exposure dose during endovascular aortic repairs using mobile, fixed, or fixed C-arms with 3-dimensional image fusion (3D-IF). Methods: A systematic search was performed to identify original articles reporting fluoroscopy time (FT) and the kerma area product (KAP) during endovascular aortic repairs. Data were grouped by noncomplex or complex (fenestrated, branched, or chimney) repairs and stratified by type of C-arm. The search identified 27 articles containing 51 study groups (35 noncomplex and 16 complex) that included 3444 patients. Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression models were used to calculate the pooled mean estimates of KAP and FT, as well as any effect of equipment or type of intervention. Results are presented with the 95% confidence interval and the statistical heterogeneity ( I2). Results: Within the noncomplex procedure studies, a significant (p<0.001) increase was found in the pooled mean KAP estimate in the fixed C-arm group (181 Gy·cm2, 95% CI 129 to 233; I2=99.7) compared with the mobile C-arm (78 Gy·cm2, 95% CI 59.6 to 97.3; I2=99.6). For complex cases, use of 3D-IF showed a significantly (p<0.001) lower mean KAP (139 Gy·cm2, 95% CI 85 to 191; I2=94%) compared to using fixed C-arms without 3D-IF (487 Gy·cm2, 95% CI 331 to 643; I2=94%). Conclusion: For equivalent fluoroscopy times, the use of a fixed C-arm in noncomplex procedures leads to higher patient radiation doses compared to a mobile C-arm. Complex procedures, which are predominantly performed using fixed C-arms, are associated with the highest radiation dose per intervention. Using fixed C-arms combined with 3D-IF techniques during complex cases might seem an adequate method to compensate for the higher radiation doses measured when a fixed C-arm is used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Johannes B. Reitsma
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Frans L. Moll
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Prevalence and predictive factors for development of splenic artery aneurysms in cirrhosis. Indian J Gastroenterol 2016; 35:201-6. [PMID: 27256433 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-016-0670-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Splenic artery aneurysm (SAA) rarely occurs in the general population. Its increased incidence has been reported in cirrhosis. The aim of this retrospective study was to identify prevalence and predictive factor development of SAA in patients with cirrhosis. METHODS All patients with cirrhosis who were treated in our clinics between 2010 and 2014 were included in the study. Demographic features and clinical and laboratory findings were reviewed. Four-phase computerized tomography (CT) was used for identifying SAA. Imaging was reviewed for the presence of SAA as well as hepatic artery, portal vein, splenic artery, splenic vein, liver parenchyma, and intraabdominal cavity were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 171 patients (age 55±13.9, 109 men) were included in the study. There was SAA in 27 (15.7 %) patients. Mean diameter of aneurysm was 11.66 (range, 6.06-27.1) mm. Aneurysm was located in the distal part of splenic artery in 20 (74 %) patients and solitary in 24 (88.8 %), and asymptomatic in all patients. Patients with SAA had larger portal vein and splenic vein compared to patients without SAA (15.3±3.9 vs. 13.1±2.9 mm, p=0.001; and 12.5±4.4 vs. 9.6±2.7 mm, p<0.001, respectively). We identified positive correlation between development of SAA and splenic vein diameter [hazard ratio (HR) =1.23; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.57; p = 0.009] and negative correlation between hepatic artery diameter and development of SAA HR = 0.46; 95 % CI 0.25-0.85; p = 0.002). CONCLUSION SAA occurred in a significant proportion of patients with cirrhosis, and enlargement of the splenic vein seemed to be a predictive factor for the development of SAA.
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Madhusudhan KS, Venkatesh HA, Gamanagatti S, Garg P, Srivastava DN. Interventional Radiology in the Management of Visceral Artery Pseudoaneurysms: A Review of Techniques and Embolic Materials. Korean J Radiol 2016; 17:351-63. [PMID: 27134524 PMCID: PMC4842855 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2016.17.3.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral artery pseudoaneurysms occur mostly as a result of inflammation and trauma. Owing to high risk of rupture, they require early treatment to prevent lethal complications. Knowledge of the various approaches of embolization of pseudoaneurysms and different embolic materials used in the management of visceral artery pseudoaneurysms is essential for successful and safe embolization. We review and illustrate the endovascular, percutaneous and endoscopic ultrasound techniques used in the treatment of visceral artery pseudoaneurysm and briefly discuss the embolic materials and their benefits and risks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shivanand Gamanagatti
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pramod Garg
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Deep Narayan Srivastava
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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Guang LJ, Wang JF, Wei BJ, Gao K, Huang Q, Zhai RY. Endovascular Treatment of Splenic Artery Aneurysm With a Stent-Graft: A Case Report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e2073. [PMID: 26717355 PMCID: PMC5291596 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000002073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic artery aneurysm, one of the most common visceral aneurysms, accounts for 60% of all visceral aneurysm cases. Open surgery is the traditional treatment for splenic artery aneurysm but has the disadvantages of serious surgical injuries, a high risk of complications, and a high mortality rate.We report a case who was presented with splenic artery aneurysm. A 54-year-old woman complained of upper left abdominal pain for 6 months. An enhanced computed tomography scan of the upper abdomen indicated the presence of splenic artery aneurysm. The splenic artery aneurysm was located under digital subtraction angiography and a 6/60 mm stent graft was delivered and released to cover the aneurysm. An enhanced computed tomography scan showed that the splenic artery aneurysm remained well separated, the stent graft shape was normal, and the blood flow was unobstructed after 1 year.This case indicates a satisfactory efficacy proving the minimal invasiveness of stent graft exclusion treatment for splenic artery aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Guang
- From the Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot (LG); and Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (JW, BW, KG, QH, RZ)
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