A cavernous haemangioma of breast in male: radiological-pathological correlation

Hemangioma of the male breast: Presentation after thorn injury

Hemangiomas of the breast are uncommon and, in males, almost always present as a palpable breast mass. Here, we report the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with a breast hemangioma following an incidental injury to his breast, which triggered symptoms that prompted clinical work-up. As this diagnosis likely would have otherwise not been made, it follows that benign breast masses in males may be underreported and underdiagnosed.

Cavernous hemangioma in a male breast: A rare entity and overview of current literature

We describe a case of a benign breast cavernous hemangioma in a 77-year-old male patient, which is a rare entity with less than 20 cases published in the literature since 1936. The mammographic and sonographic features of breast hemangiomas are nonspecific and tissue sampling is necessary as the diagnosis of exclusion is male breast carcinoma. Core biopsy is a reliable diagnostic tool for breast hemangiomas. Differentiating between benign breast hemangiomas and angiosarcomas is of outmost importance to appropriate care management as the former can be treated conservatively with follow-up or surgical excision and the latter usually managed aggressively with mastectomy.

Hemangioma of a Male Breast: Case Report and Review of the Literature

BACKGROUND Male breast hemangioma is a rare benign neoplasm that is usually excised for definitive diagnosis. CASE REPORT In our case report, we present a male octogenarian with multiple comorbidities who presented with a large palpable mass in his right breast. The diagnostic imaging studies were suggestive of a benign tumor, with a BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) score of 3. Subsequent core needle biopsies were diagnostic of benign hemangioma. The patient was managed with observation due to his comorbidities. Benign vascular tumors in the male breast are exceptionally rare, and in our review of the literature we found only 14 previously published cases. Historically, fine needle aspiration has been found to be unreliable in making a definitive diagnosis and surgical excision has been the standard treatment. CONCLUSIONS Recent studies and our case report indicate that core needle biopsy may be a reliable diagnostic tool and observation is a possible option for hemangiomas in male patients who cannot undergo surgery.

Vascular tumours of the breast: a comprehensive review with focus on diagnostic challenges encountered in the core biopsy setting

Vascular proliferations of the breast comprise a spectrum of benign and malignant lesions. In limited samples, such as core needle biopsies (CNB), these lesions may be difficult to distinguish due to significant overlap in morphological features. As the treatment and prognosis of these entities vary widely, it is important for pathologists to consider a complete differential diagnosis and correctly synthesise histological features, results of adjunctive immunohistochemical studies, and pertinent clinical and imaging information, to render an accurate diagnosis in such limited samples. The diagnostic pitfalls of under- or overdiagnosis of vascular lesions sampled in CNB will also be discussed.

Cavernous Hemangioma in the Breast

Although the observation of breast vascular tumors is rare, the most common tumor is hemangıoma in the benign group, and these tumors are observed incidentally in lumpectomy or mastectomy specimens during histological examinations. They are classified into capillary, cavernous, and venous hemangıomas. Cavernous hemangıoma is the most common subtype. Cavernous hemangıomas are benign vascular tumors, which malformatıon from mature blood vessels. Hemangıomas ın the benıgn group may show a suspicion of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in mammographic analysis. Ultrasonography (US) and magnetic resonance ımagıng (MRI) are the most useful imaging methods for analyzing the structure of breast vessels. In this case, a 54-year-old female who have any complaint. Scanning mammography (MG) detected the tumor, but physıcal examınatıon and US could not identify the mass. According to the MG analysis, the lesion was evaluated as BIRADS 4b, and the patient underwent excisional biopsy after wire localization. Pathological analysis revealed cavernous hemangıoma.

Huge hemangioma in the chest mimicking a breast tumor: report of a case

A 35 year-old man first noticed an elastic mass like breast tumor in his left chest 17 years ago. It enlarged to the size of a child's head. Computed tomography showed a well-circumscribed mass in the left chest. Lumpectomy was performed. The mass was located under the thin major pectoralis muscle, covered with a white fibrous capsule. The specimen weighed 1360 g and measured 18 × 14 × 8 cm. Histological examination revealed a cavernous hemangioma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a chest hemangioma arising from connective tissue and located under the major pectoralis muscle.

Cavernous haemangioma of the breast

Vascular tumours of the breast are rare and most can be classified as either angiosarcomas or haemangiomas. Cavernous haemangiomas are the most common form of mammary haemangioma. We describe a case with unilateral whole breast involvement without associated calcifications, studied with mammography, ultrasound and MRI.

Generation and characterization of a mouse lymphatic endothelial cell line

Lymphatic vessels, by channeling fluid and leukocytes from the periphery into lymph nodes, play a central role in the development of the immune response. Despite their importance in homeostasis and disease, the difficulties in enriching and culturing lymphatic endothelial cells limit studies of their biology. Here, we report the isolation, stabilization, and characterization of a mouse lymphatic endothelial cell line (MELC) and the generated clones thereof. Cells were isolated from benign lymphangiomas induced by intraperitoneal injections of incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The MELC line expressed molecules typical of lymphatic endothelium, including VEGFR3/Flt-4, podoplanin, Prox-1, and D6, but not LYVE-1. It also expressed CD34, ICAM-1, VCAM, and JAM-A, but not CD31, VE-cadherin, E-selectin, or CX3CL1/fractalkine (both TNFalpha-induced), at variance with vascular endothelial cells tested in parallel. The inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha and IL-4 regulated production of selected adhesion molecules (VCAM), cytokines (IL-6), and chemokines (CCL2/JE). Whole genome transcriptional profiling identified a set of 150 known genes differentially expressed in MELC versus vascular endothelial cells. Thus, the MELC line may represent an invaluable source of lymphatic endothelium.

Unusual benign breast lesions

The purpose of this article is to show examples of the radiological (mammography and/or ultrasound) and pathological appearances of unusual benign breast lesions. The conditions covered are granular cell tumours, fibromatosis, nodular fasciitis, myofibroblastomas, haemangiomas, neurofibromas, and leiomyomas. The article includes the first published description of the ultrasound appearance of a myofibroblastoma. Knowledge of these appearances may help confirm or refute radiological-pathological concordance of percutaneous biopsy results during multidisciplinary assessment of these lesions and aid patient management.

Radiological Reasoning:Male Breast Mass with Calcifications

OBJECTIVE

We encountered a mammographically calcified breast mass in a 30-year-old man. It was initially thought to be comedo-type ductal carcinoma in situ because of the dense calcifications, but sonography and MRI suggested a highly vascular lesion. The final pathologic diagnosis was hemangioma.

CONCLUSION

Vascular tumors of the breast occur infrequently and are even more rare in males. The clinical and radiologic diagnosis of breast hemangioma is often difficult, but different imaging techniques, when used together, can provide important information for differential diagnosis and management. A biopsy is required.

Huge cavernous hemangioma arising in a male breast

We report a rare case of a huge cavernous hemangioma arising in a male breast. A 60-year-old man first noticed 1 x 2 cm elastic hard nodule just below his right nipple ten years previously. It enlarged 5 x 5 cm over six years. When he came to our clinic, it was size of child head (510 mm in circumference),was an elastic hard with a rather smooth surface, and firmly fixed to the chest wall. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and multidetectocomputed tomography (MDCT)showed a large mass infiltrating into the chest wall. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA) and core needle biopsy (CNB) failed to obtain proper material except for old bloody fluid or necrotic connective tissue, precluding a correct diagnosis preoperatively. Mastectomy with partial resection of the chest wall was subsequently performed. Histologically, it was found to be a cavernous hemangioma without cellular atypia. In such a case, complete excision is recommended to exclude the possibility of an underlying malignant lesion.

An unusual case of an enlarging mass on a screening mammogram: a case report and review of the radiology and current literature

We report the case of a woman who was recalled after screening because an opacity seen on her previous screening mammogram had changed in appearance. The new features were of a circumscribed soft-tissue opacity with some lobulation. Ultrasound showed an oval mass which was slightly hypoechoic compared to the surrounding fatty parenchyma and contained small focal anechoic areas. The lesion was biopsied and found to be a cavernous haemangioma. Haemangioma of the breast is a rare cause of a well-circumscribed soft-tissue mass on a mammogram.