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Pasquini M, Chiani F, Gambadoro A, Di Pietro C, Paoletti R, Orsini T, Putti S, Scavizzi F, La Sala G, Ermakova O. The Odad3 Gene Is Necessary for Spermatozoa Development and Male Fertility in Mice. Cells 2024; 13:1053. [PMID: 38920681 PMCID: PMC11201558 DOI: 10.3390/cells13121053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Odad3 gene loss-of-function mutation leads to Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (PCD), a disease caused by motile cilia dysfunction. Previously, we demonstrated that knockout of the Odad3 gene in mice replicates several features of PCD, such as hydrocephalus, defects in left-right body symmetry, and male infertility, with a complete absence of sperm in the reproductive tract. The majority of Odad3 knockout animals die before sexual maturation due to severe hydrocephalus and failure to thrive, which precludes fertility studies. Here, we performed the expression analysis of the Odad3 gene during gonad development and in adult testes. We showed that Odad3 starts its expression during the first wave of spermatogenesis, specifically at the meiotic stage, and that its expression is restricted to the germ cells in the adult testes, suggesting that Odad3 plays a role in spermatozoa formation. Subsequently, we conditionally deleted the Odad3 gene in adult males and demonstrated that even partial ablation of the Odad3 gene leads to asthenoteratozoospermia with multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella (MMAF) in mice. The analysis of the seminiferous tubules in Odad3-deficient mice revealed defects in spermatogenesis with accumulation of seminiferous tubules at the spermiogenesis and spermiation phases. Furthermore, analysis of fertility in heterozygous Odad3+/- knockout mice revealed a reduction in sperm count and motility as well as abnormal sperm morphology. Additionally, Odad3+/- males exhibited a shorter fertile lifespan. Overall, these results suggest the important role of Odad3 and Odad3 gene dosage in male fertility. These findings may have an impact on the genetic and fertility counseling practice of PCD patients carrying Odad3 loss-of-function mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Pasquini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Francesco Chiani
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Alessia Gambadoro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Pietro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Renata Paoletti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
| | - Tiziana Orsini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Putti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Scavizzi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Gina La Sala
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Olga Ermakova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy; (M.P.); (F.C.); (A.G.); (C.D.P.); (R.P.); (T.O.); (S.P.); (F.S.)
- European Mouse Mutant Archive (EMMA), INFRAFRONTIER, Monterotondo Mouse Clinic, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Adriano Buzzati-Traverso Campus, Via Ramarini, 32, 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
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Wang XS, Lee BJ, Zha S. The recent advances in non-homologous end-joining through the lens of lymphocyte development. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 94:102874. [PMID: 32623318 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.102874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte development requires ordered assembly and subsequent modifications of the antigen receptor genes through V(D)J recombination and Immunoglobulin class switch recombination (CSR), respectively. While the programmed DNA cleavage events are initiated by lymphocyte-specific factors, the resulting DNA double-strand break (DSB) intermediates activate the ATM kinase-mediated DNA damage response (DDR) and rely on the ubiquitously expressed classical non-homologous end-joining (cNHEJ) pathway including the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), and, in the case of CSR, also the alternative end-joining (Alt-EJ) pathway, for repair. Correspondingly, patients and animal models with cNHEJ or DDR defects develop distinct types of immunodeficiency reflecting their specific DNA repair deficiency. The unique end-structure, sequence context, and cell cycle regulation of V(D)J recombination and CSR also provide a valuable platform to study the mechanisms of, and the interplay between, cNHEJ and DDR. Here, we compare and contrast the genetic consequences of DNA repair defects in V(D)J recombination and CSR with a focus on the newly discovered cNHEJ factors and the kinase-dependent structural roles of ATM and DNA-PK in animal models. Throughout, we try to highlight the pending questions and emerging differences that will extend our understanding of cNHEJ and DDR in the context of primary immunodeficiency and lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin S Wang
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States; Graduate Program of Pathobiology and Molecular Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States
| | - Brian J Lee
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States
| | - Shan Zha
- Institute for Cancer Genetics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States; Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY 10032, United States.
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Abstract
At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and many investigators, even in related disciplines, find many of these genes and the related pathways entirely foreign. Medical schools generally do not attempt to incorporate the relevant molecular biology into their curriculum. A number of key signaling pathways are highly relevant to atherogenesis and are presented to provide a context for the gene manipulations summarized herein. The pathways include the following: the insulin receptor (and other receptor tyrosine kinases); Ras and MAPK activation; TNF-α and related family members leading to activation of NF-κB; effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on signaling; endothelial adaptations to flow including G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and integrin-related signaling; activation of endothelial and other cells by modified lipoproteins; purinergic signaling; control of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, migration, and further activation; foam cell formation; and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell signaling related to proliferation, efferocytosis, and apoptosis. This review is intended primarily as an introduction to these key signaling pathways. They have become the focus of modern atherosclerosis research and will undoubtedly provide a rich resource for future innovation toward intervention and prevention of the number one cause of death in the modern world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Hopkins
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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