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Guan J, Jiang X, Guo Y, Zhao W, Li J, Li Y, Cheng M, Fu L, Zhao Y, Li Q. Autophagy inhibition and reactive oxygen species elimination by acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 through fused in sarcoma protein to promote prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1313. [PMID: 36517760 PMCID: PMC9753422 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10426-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is a major health issue affecting the male population worldwide, and its etiology remains relatively unknown. As presented on the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) acts as a prostate cancer-promoting factor. ACAT1 expression in prostate cancer tissues is considerably higher than that in normal tissues, leading to a poor prognosis in patients with prostate cancer. Here, we aimed to study the role of the ACAT1-fused in sarcoma (FUS) complex in prostate cancer and identify new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. METHODS We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of 57 clinical samples and in vitro and in vivo experiments using a mouse model and plasmid constructs to determine the expression of ACAT1 in prostate cancer. RESULTS The relationship between the expression of ACAT1 and the Gleason score was significant. The expression of ACAT1 was higher in tissues with a Gleason score of > 7 than in tissues with a Gleason score of ≤7 (P = 0.0011). In addition, we revealed that ACAT1 can interact with the FUS protein. CONCLUSIONS In prostate cancer, ACAT1 promotes the expression of P62 and Nrf2 through FUS and affects reactive oxygen species scavenging. These effects are due to the inhibition of autophagy by ACAT1. That is, ACAT1 promotes prostate cancer by inhibiting autophagy and eliminating active oxygen species. The expression of ACAT1 is related to prostate cancer. Studying the underlying mechanism may provide a new perspective on the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqian Guan
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Xizi Jiang
- grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaoxing Guo
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji Li
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yizhuo Li
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Cheng
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Fu
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingchang Li
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China ,grid.412636.40000 0004 1757 9485Department of Pathology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155 NanjingBei Street, Heping District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province People’s Republic of China
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Kwan EM, Thangasamy IA, Teh J, Alghazo O, Sathianathen NJ, Lawrentschuk N, Azad AA. Navigating systemic therapy for metastatic castration-naïve prostate cancer. World J Urol 2020; 39:339-348. [PMID: 31897602 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-03060-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The last decade has seen a remarkable shift in the treatment landscape of advanced prostate cancer, none more so than in the management of metastatic castration-naïve disease. METHODS This narrative review will examine existing and emerging evidence supporting systemic therapy use for metastatic castration-naïve prostate cancer (mCNPC) and provide guidance on the selection of these agents with respect to optimising patient outcomes. RESULTS The addition of either docetaxel (chemohormonal approach) or an AR pathway inhibitor (abiraterone, enzalutamide or apalutamide) is a reasonable standard of care option for men commencing long-term ADT for mCNPC. While the issue of disease volume as a predictive biomarker for docetaxel benefit has previously been debated, recent data support consideration of upfront docetaxel in all patients, regardless of metastatic burden. Decisions regarding systemic treatment for men with mCNPC should be based on comprehensive consideration of disease, patient and logistical factors. Multiple novel therapeutics for mCNPC are currently under active investigation. CONCLUSION The introduction of potent systemic therapy earlier in the mCNPC disease course has resulted in dramatic improvements in clinical outcomes for patients. As the management of mCNPC continues to evolve, the future remains promising, with the expectation of ongoing improvements to patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Kwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - I A Thangasamy
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Teh
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - O Alghazo
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N J Sathianathen
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - N Lawrentschuk
- Division of Cancer Surgery, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A A Azad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia. .,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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