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Wen KC, Li ZA, Liu JH, Zhang C, Zhang F, Li FQ. Recent developments in ureteral stent: Substrate material, coating polymer and technology, therapeutic function. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 238:113916. [PMID: 38636438 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The ureteral stent is an effective treatment for clinical ureteral stricture following urological surgery, and the functional coating of the stent could effectively inhibit bacterial colonization and other complications. The present review provides an analysis and description of the materials used in ureteral stents and their coatings. Emphasis is placed on the technological advancements of functional coatings, taking into consideration the characteristics of these materials and the properties of their active substances. Furthermore, recent advances in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of functional coatings are also reviewed. It is anticipated that this article will serve as a valuable reference providing insights for future research development on new drug-loaded ureteral stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chao Wen
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Urology/Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Zheng-An Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Urology/Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Ji-Heng Liu
- Department of Urology/Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Urology/Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China.
| | - Feng-Qian Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Urology/Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200235, China.
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Xu Y, Li X, Cai Z, Chen S, Zhu R, Zhuang H, Wan S, Xu G. Risk factors for migration of retrievable covered expandable metallic stent in patients with persistent benign ureter strictures. World J Urol 2024; 42:273. [PMID: 38689135 PMCID: PMC11061021 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-024-04986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and salvage management of retrievable covered expandable metallic stent (RCEMS) migration in patients with persistent benign ureter strictures. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study was performed on 117 consecutive patients who underwent implantation of RCEMS. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify prognostic factors for stent migration, including stricture location and length, hydronephrosis-cortex ratio, ureteral dilation, and the diameter of the narrowest portion of the stricture. RESULTS Stent migration occurred in 22 (19.5%) of 113 patients who met inclusion criteria. Of the 22 patients, 16 (72.7%) had ordinary ureteral stricture, 3 (13.6%) had stricture in transplanted kidneys, and 3 patients (13.6%) had ureter stricture in orthotopic neobladders. The mean creatinine for the entire cohorts showed significant improvement (p = 0.038). Multivariate analysis identified the following prognostic factors for migration: distal ureteral stricture (p = 0.006), patients who underwent balloon dilation (p = 0.003), hydronephrosis-cortex ratio ≧10 (p = 0.017), larger diameter of wasting of RCEMS (p < 0.001), and patients with a shorter stricture length (p = 0.006). Salvage management was required in 4 of the 22 patients. The strictures in the remaining 18 patients improved with observation. CONCLUSIONS Stent migration is more likely to occur in patients with the five prognostic factors mentioned above. Our study developed a nomogram to predict stent migration in patients with ureteral strictures treated using RCEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Xu
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Xiezhao Li
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Zhiduan Cai
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Shuangxing Chen
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Haishan Zhuang
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - ShawPong Wan
- First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guibin Xu
- Department of Urology, Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510700, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China.
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Gao X, Di X, Chen G, Wang W, Peng L, Chen J, Wei X. Metal ureteral stents for ureteral stricture: 2 years of experience with 246 cases. Int J Surg 2024; 110:66-71. [PMID: 37812177 PMCID: PMC10793778 DOI: 10.1097/js9.0000000000000841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metal ureteral stents (MUS) has gained popularity as an endoscopic treatment alternative for the management of ureteral strictures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of MUS for treating ureteral strictures and to identify any factors that could influence the success of this intervention. METHODS This study is a prospective analysis of the efficacy and safety of MUS for treating ureteral strictures in a single-center setting. The study enrolled 246 patients who had been diagnosed with ureteral strictures and had undergone MUS placement between January 2019 and July 2021. The patients were followed-up for a duration of 2 years. RESULTS The overall success rate of MUS placement was 71.7%. Furthermore, the success rate of ureteral strictures after kidney transplantation (78.2%) was significantly higher than common ureteral strictures (73.0%) or recurrent ureteral strictures (67.6%). Additionally, postsurgery, there was a considerable reduction in hydronephrosis volume (68.9±96.1 vs. 32.1±48.8 cm 3 ), blood creatinine level (103.7±49.8 vs. 94.4±47.5 mol/l) and urea nitrogen level (6.7±7.2 vs. 5.1±2.4 mmol/l). The study also reported that the rate of adverse events associated with MUS was relatively low, included hematuria (7.9%), pain (6.8%), urinary tract infection (6.4%), and lower urinary tract symptoms (5.3%). CONCLUSIONS MUS appear to be a safe and effective treatment option for ureteral strictures, with a high success rate and low complication rate. These results have important implications for the management of ureteral strictures and can help guide clinical decision-making in the selection of treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Wei
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology (Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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Aksakalli T, Adanur S, Demirdogen SO, Polat O. Allium® ureteral stent, a new player in the treatment of ureteral stenosis: a prospective cohort study. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:598-604. [PMID: 37442223 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Ureteral stricture is a chronic condition that can result in the obstruction of urinary drainage from the affected renal unit, leading to loss of renal function. Treatment methods can be categorized into two main headings: endourological and reconstructive procedures. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the self-expandable Allium® ureteral stent, which has been used in the minimally invasive treatment of ureteral stenosis in recent years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients who were applied Allium® ureteral stent between 2017 and 2021 included in the study. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients, the details of the treatments applied to the patients, the perioperative and postoperative complications, the treatments applied for the complications and the findings in the follow-up were recorded and evaluated prospectively. RESULTS Etiology included urolithiasis in 16 patients (80%), malignancy in 3 patients (15%), and a previous gynecological operation in 1 patient (5%). Stent obstruction was found to be the most common complication in 3 patients (15%). Stent migration was the second most common complication in 2 patients (10%). Our follow-up continues with 15 patients without stent-related complications and stent obstruction. The mean follow-up period was 28 ± 15.7 months. CONCLUSIONS Allium ureteral stent is an effective and reliable method in the minimally invasive treatment of ureteral stricture with complications seen at acceptable rates and ease of treatment in the management of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aksakalli
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital de Formación e Investigación de Erzurum, Universidad de Ciencias de la Salud, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - S Adanur
- Servicio de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atatürk, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - S O Demirdogen
- Servicio de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atatürk, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - O Polat
- Servicio de Urología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atatürk, Erzurum, Turkey
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Bhatt R, Vo K, Cumpanas AD, Morgan KL, Shin A, Ali SN, Rojhani A, Peta A, Brevik A, Tano ZE, Jiang P, Patel RM, Clayman RV, Landman J. Evaluation of Renal Function and Stent Durability Following Resonance Stent Placement for Benign Disease. J Endourol 2023; 37:1049-1056. [PMID: 37493542 DOI: 10.1089/end.2022.0822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The metal-based Resonance stent (RS) has traditionally been placed in patients with malignant ureteral obstruction; as such, the long-term utility of RS among patients with benign ureteral obstruction (BUO) remains underinvestigated. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed our database for patients with BUO who underwent RS placement between 2010 and 2020. The impact of chronic RS placement on renal function was evaluated by estimated serum creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), furosemide renal scan, and CT-based renal parenchymal volume measurement. The number of and reason for RS stent exchanges during the follow-up period, incidence of encrustation, and the average indwell time were recorded. A cost analysis of placing the RS vs a polymeric stent was performed. Results: Among 43 RS patients with BUO, at a mean follow-up of 26 months, there was no change in eGFR (p = 0.99), parenchymal volume (p = 0.44), or split renal function of the stent-bearing side on renal scan (p = 0.48). The mean RS indwell time was 9.7 months. Eleven patients (26%) underwent premature stent replacement (6 cases) or removal (5 cases). Stents in 9 patients (32%) were encrusted, of which 4 (44%) required laser lithotripsy. Overall, 25 patients (58%) and 12 patients (28%) had a mean stent indwell time of ≥6 months and ≥12 months, respectively. Placing an RS resulted in a 52%, 37%, and 5.6% cost reduction compared with a regular polymeric stent placement, where it was exchanged every 6, 4, or 3 months, respectively. Conclusions: RS deployment in the patient with a BUO results in cost-effective maintenance of renal function and of renal parenchymal volume at a mean follow-up of 2 years; however, only 28% of patients fulfilled the 1-year criterion for RS indwell time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Bhatt
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Kelvin Vo
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrei D Cumpanas
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Kalon L Morgan
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrew Shin
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Sohrab N Ali
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Allen Rojhani
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Akhil Peta
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Andrew Brevik
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Zachary E Tano
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Pengbo Jiang
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Roshan M Patel
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Ralph V Clayman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Jaime Landman
- Department of Urology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, California, USA
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Carmona O, Shvero A, Zilberman DE, Dotan ZA, Kleinmann N. Unveiling the Challenges in Tandem Ureteral Stent Management for Malignant Ureteral Obstruction: Failure Rate, Risk Factors, and Durability of Their Replacement. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5251. [PMID: 37629293 PMCID: PMC10455996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant ureteral obstruction (MUO) is a sequela of advanced malignant disease that requires renal drainage, with tandem ureteral stents (TUSs) being a viable option. This study aimed to evaluate the TUS failure rate, associated risk factors, and the feasibility of replacing failed TUSs with a new pair of stents. METHODS A retrospective analysis of MUO patients treated with TUS insertion from 2014 to 2022 was conducted. TUS failure was defined as urosepsis, recurrent urinary tract infections, acute kidney failure, or new hydronephrosis on imaging. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis identified the independent predictors of TUS failure. RESULTS A total of 240 procedures were performed on 186 patients, with TUS drainage failing in 67 patients (36%). The median time to failure was 7 months. Multivariate analysis revealed female gender (OR = 3.46, p = 0.002), pelvic mass (OR = 1.75, p = 0.001), and distal ureteral obstruction (OR = 2.27, p = 0.04) as significant risk factors for TUS failure. Of the failure group, 42 patients (22.6%) underwent TUS replacement for a new pair. Yet, 24 (57.2%) experienced a second failure, with a median time of 4.5 months. The risk factors for TUS second failure included a stricture longer than 30 mm (OR = 11.8, p = 0.04), replacement with TUSs of the same diameter (OR = 43, p = 0.003), and initial TUS failure within 6 months (OR = 19.2, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS TUS insertion for the treatment of MUO is feasible and has good outcomes with a relatively low failure rate. Primary pelvic mass and distal ureteral obstruction pose higher risks for TUS failure. Replacing failed TUSs with a new pair has a success rate of 42.8%. Consideration should be given to placing larger diameter stents when replacing failed TUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orel Carmona
- The Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel (N.K.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Asaf Shvero
- The Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel (N.K.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Dorit E. Zilberman
- The Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel (N.K.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Zohar A. Dotan
- The Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel (N.K.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Nir Kleinmann
- The Department of Urology, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 5262000, Israel (N.K.)
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Zhu L, Wang L, Gao Y, Feng W, Fan Y. Effect of ureteral stent length and implantation position on migration after implantation. Med Biol Eng Comput 2023:10.1007/s11517-023-02856-5. [PMID: 37322393 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-023-02856-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ureteral obstruction is a urinary system disease that causes urinary retention, renal injury, renal colic, and infection. Ureteral stents are often used for conservative treatment in clinics, and their migration usually results in ureteral stent failure. The migrations include proximal migration to the kidney side and distal migration to the bladder side, but the biomechanism of stent migration is still unknown. METHOD Finite element models of stents with lengths from 6-30 cm were developed. The stents were implanted into the middle of the ureter to analyze the effect of stent length on its migration, and the effect of stent implantation position on 6-cm-long stent migration was also observed. The stents' maximum axial displacement was used to assess the ease of stent migration. A time-varying pressure was applied to the ureter outer wall to simulate peristalsis. The stent and ureter adopted friction contact conditions. The two ends of the ureter were fixed. The radial displacement of the ureter was used to evaluate the effect of the stent on peristalsis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The maximum migration occurs in the positive direction for a 6-cm-long stent implanted at the proximal ureter (CD and DE), but in the negative direction at the distal ureter (FG and GH). The 6-cm-long stent demonstrated almost no effect on ureteral peristalsis. The 12-cm-long stent diminished the radial displacement of the ureter from 3-5 s. The 18-cm stent diminished the radial displacement of the ureter from 0-8 s, and the radial displacement within 2-6 s was weaker than other time. The 24-cm stent diminished the radial displacement of the ureter from 0-8 s, and the radial displacement within 1-7 s was weaker than other time. CONCLUSION The biomechanism of stent migration and ureteral peristalsis weakening after stent implantation was explored. Shorter stents were more likely to migrate. The implantation position had less influence on ureteral peristalsis compared with the stent length, which provided a reference for stent design aimed at reducing stent migration. Stent length was the main factor affecting ureteral peristalsis. This study provides a reference for the study of ureteral peristalsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yuanming Gao
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wentao Feng
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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Park JS, Kim DH, Choi HI, Kim CS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW. 3-Carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF) induces cell death through ferroptosis and acts as a trigger of apoptosis in kidney cells. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:78. [PMID: 36732325 PMCID: PMC9894909 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05601-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a cell death mechanism characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Effects of uremic toxins on ferroptosis in the kidney are not well understood. We investigated whether protein-bound uremic toxins induce ferroptosis, resulting in cell death, using the bilateral ureteral obstruction (BUO) mouse model and kidney cells. In BUO mice, we observed elevated lipid peroxidation, increased iron concentration, and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression. Levels of transferrin receptor 1 and system Xc-, which are involved in iron transport and storage, were also elevated, while those of ferritin heavy and light chains (FHC and FLC) were reduced. Treatment of HK-2 and NRK49F kidney cells with CMPF decreased GSH levels and the expression of GPX4, FHC, and FLC, and increased levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular iron concentration. CMPF-induced and erastin-induced decreases in GPX4 levels and increases in Bax and cytochrome C levels were counteracted by ferrostatin-1 pretreatment. However, GPX4 mRNA levels, protein abundance, or promoter activity were not restored by Z-VAD-FMK, a multi-caspase inhibitor. These results suggest that ferroptosis induced by CMPF treatment induces apoptosis, and inhibition of ferroptosis reduces apoptosis, suggesting that ferroptosis plays a role in triggering cell death by apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Hoon-In Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Chang Seong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Eun Hui Bae
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Seong Kwon Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea
| | - Soo Wan Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, Korea.
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[Long-term efficacy evaluation of coated metal stent implantation for ureteroscopic lithotripsy related refractory ureteral stricture]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2022; 54. [PMID: 35950391 PMCID: PMC9385517 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of coated metal stent implantation for ureteroscopic lithotripsy related refractory ureteral stricture (URL-rUS). METHODS Electronic medical records of 30 patients (31 affected renal units) receiving coated metal stent implantation for URL-rUS from Sept. 2018 to Aug. 2021 at Peking University People' s Hospital were reviewed for analysis. Coated metal stents were implanted in retrograde approach via ureteroscope. Last outpatient follow-up was set as endpoint. Baseline information, stricture characteristics and decompression strategy before coated metal stent implantation were retrospectively collected. Serum creatinine (Scr) concentration and renal pelvis width (RPW) were used as renal function indicators. Peri-operative and long-term complications and according outcomes were recorded. For the patients who had double J tubes implanted for drainage before operation, Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) was applied to evaluate the stent-related discomforts and quality of life (QoL) before and after surgery. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS (version 25.0; SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). RESULTS Totally 30 patients with 31 affected renal units were included. All the patients previously underwent unsuccessful traditional endoscopic balloon dilation or endoureterotomy before receiving coated metal stent implantation. The mean age was (45.5±9.3) years old. The median follow-up time were 14 (6-36) months. All coated metal stents were successfully placed with a median duration of 60 (30-195) min. No severe peri-operative complications occurred. At endpoint, 28 (90.3%) sides of coated metal stents remained unobstructed with a longest indwelling time of 36 months. Causes of failures included stent migration (1 case, 3.2%), encrustation (1 case, 3.2%) and repeated stent related urinary tract infection (1 case, 3.2%). When compared with the baseline, significant reductions were observed in both Scr concentration and RPW at endpoint [(90.7±19.5) mmol/L vs. (83.1±18.5) μmol/L, P < 0.01, for Scr; (2.5±1.3) cm vs. (1.9±0.8) cm, P < 0.01, for RPW], indicating good preservation of renal function and remission of hydronephrosis. For 26 patients with double J stents before operation, significant reduction of USSQ average score (100.4±6.6 vs. 82.1±4.9, P < 0.01) evidenced better life quality preserving ability of coated metal stent versus double J stent. CONCLUSION Coated metal stent implantation is a safe and minimally invasive management of ureteral stricture providing a satisfying long-term patency rate, after which the patients' quality of life and renal function could be both improved. This method could serve as a promising alternative long-term maintenance treatment option for patients with URL-US, especially when traditional endoscopic interventions failed.
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Silicone vs. Polyurethane Stent: The Final Countdown. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102746. [PMID: 35628873 PMCID: PMC9142971 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureteric stents are conventionally used in daily urological practice. There is ongoing debate on the superiority of different stent materials, particularly in terms of patient tolerance. We conducted a literature review to compare silicone stents and stents made of other materials from a patient tolerability perspective. We conclude that silicone stents are better tolerated but further research is required.
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11
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Wu Y, Cao Y, Liu H, Pan X, Wang J, Huang Y, Qi J, Cui X, Zhang L, Ding J. Comparison of Ureteral Stents on Drainage Performance Under Extrinsic Compression. BJU Int 2022; 130:343-349. [PMID: 35137515 DOI: 10.1111/bju.15707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE By investigating deformation and flow velocity of three commonly used, readily accessible ureteral stents under variant compression and surface change at three time points (new, 1 month or 3 months after implantation), we share our center's experience dealing with ureteral obstruction especially the malignant ones. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ureteral double-J (DJ) stents including Cook Universa Soft, Kang Yi Bo (KYB) antireflux and Urovision Visiostar ESWL DJ stents went though scanning microscopic (SEM) analysis. Compression-deformation was measured using digital force gauge. Intraluminal flow velocity was tested with the stents under different compression levels. RESULT Urovision Visiostar demonstrated significantly better anti-compression capability. Cook Universa Soft and KYB antireflux showed favorable draining velocity without compression, but the velocity dropped heavily under compression; the velocity of KYB antireflux reduced heavily after 3 months of implantation; Urovision Visiostar achieved the best draining effect under compression at all three time points. CONCLUSION The Urovision Visiostar DJ stent demonstrated significantly greater resistance to compression than the other two, and better drainage under compression. Patients with benign or malignant ureteral compression might benefit from using the Urovision Visiostar stents. Large prospective clinical trials are needed for confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyuan Wu
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Yiqun Cao
- Department of Operation Room, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Hailong Liu
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Xiuwu Pan
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Yunteng Huang
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Xingang Cui
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Urology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine
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12
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Gu A, Oyo L, Grossmann NC, Wettstein MS, Kaufmann B, Bieri U, Poyet C, Hermanns T, Sulser T, Eberli D, Keller EX. Tumor stent for chronic ureteral obstruction: Which are predictors of stent failure? J Endourol 2021; 36:819-826. [PMID: 34969262 DOI: 10.1089/end.2021.0689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify predictors of UROSOFT® tumor stent failure. According to the manufacturer, this reinforced ureteral stent has a maximal dwell time of 6 months. Nonetheless, stent failure may reduce this maximal dwell time. METHODS All patients undergoing first-time UROSOFT® tumor stent insertion in our institution between 2010 and 2018 were considered for this retrospective analysis. Primary endpoint was stent failure and defined as premature stent exchange or percutaneous nephrostomy insertion. RESULTS 182 patients were available for analysis. Median age was 68 years. Causes for tumor stent placement were extrinsic ureteral obstruction in 144 patients (79 %) and intrinsic obstruction in 38 patients (21 %). Tumor stent failure free survival estimates at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months were 89%, 83%, 76%, 65% and 52%, respectively. Patients with stent failure had significantly higher grade of hydronephrosis, higher urinary culture bacterial growth, higher serum WBC, higher CRP and lower eGFR at the time of re-intervention, compared to patients who underwent regular stent exchange. Of all baseline and perioperative parameters, we found bilateral insertion, intrinsic ureteral obstruction, and urinary tract infection (UTI) at time of tumor stent insertion to be significant and independent predictors of stent failure (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Despite a theoretical maximal dwell time of 6 months, around 50% of all cases are subject to premature stent failure. Predictors of stent failure are bilateral insertion, intrinsic ureteral obstruction, and UTI at the time of tumor stent insertion. Preoperative antibiotic therapy may impact on stent failure rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gu
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, Zurich, Switzerland, 8091;
| | - Lisa Oyo
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Switzerland;
| | | | | | - Basil Kaufmann
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Uwe Bieri
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Cédric Poyet
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Thomas Hermanns
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Tullio Sulser
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Daniel Eberli
- UniversitätsSpital Zürich, 27243, Urologie, Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland;
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13
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Palm CA, Canvasser NE, Culp WTN. Stenting of Malignant Urinary Tract Obstructions in Humans and Companion Animals. Vet Sci 2021; 9:vetsci9010013. [PMID: 35051097 PMCID: PMC8780232 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Urine retention secondary to neoplastic obstructions of the upper and lower urinary tracts is a life-threatening condition in both humans and companion animals. Stents can be placed to temporarily or permanently open obstructed urinary tract lumens and are often able to be placed using minimally invasive techniques with guidance via ultrasonography or fluoroscopy. The literature for these techniques is vast for humans and growing for companion animals. The below review provides a discussion of the principles of stenting and types of ureteral and urethral stents, as well as the techniques for placing these stents in humans and companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie A. Palm
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: (C.A.P.); (W.T.N.C.)
| | - Noah E. Canvasser
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California-Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA;
| | - Willian T. N. Culp
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: (C.A.P.); (W.T.N.C.)
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14
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Ammirati E, Geretto P, Giammò A, Falcone M, Gontero P, Manassero A. Management of complex ischial-urethral fistula in neurogenic patients performing clean intermittent self-catheterization. Urologia 2021; 90:174-179. [PMID: 34877917 DOI: 10.1177/03915603211062414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurogenic patients performing clean-intermittent self-catheterization (CIC) may develop an urethral erosion, resulting in ischial-urethral fistulas (I-UF). In this work we present our single-center experience in dealing with this peculiar complication. METHODS In this work we included all neurogenic patients performing CIC treated at out Institution for I-UF. All patients had a spinal cord injury or myelomeningocele. We extracted from the patients' medical records the surgical management and postoperative clinical data. We defined failure the persistence of the fistula at X-ray contrast fistulography, retrograde urethrography, or uretrocystoscopy. RESULTS We treated 11 patients (8 spinal cord injury, 3 myelomeningocele). Four patients have been treated with the placement of a new generation urethral stent (Uventa) after surgical toilette of the skin ulcer and placement of a temporary suprapubic catheter. All patients demonstrated a complete healing of the urethral lesion at stent removal and continued CIC without any difficulty. Four patients have been treated with perineal urethroplasty, requiring a buccal mucosal graft in two cases. In two patients a suprapubic permanent catheter was placed for a simpler bladder management due to the patients' comorbidities. In one case the incidental finding of an high grade muscle invasive urothelial bladder cancer, made it mandatory to perform an uretheroileocutaneostomy. CONCLUSIONS This work represent a unique series of I-UF in neurogenic patients performing CIC. Surgical urethral reconstruction, often with the use of buccal mucosa in large lesions, may be a difficult solution in neurogenic patients, new generation stents (Uventa) represent a minimally invasive, effective, and safe alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Ammirati
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Geretto
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Giammò
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Falcone
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Gontero
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Manassero
- SC Neuro-Urologia, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy
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Janssen P, Tailly T. New Stent Technologies. Urol Clin North Am 2021; 49:185-196. [PMID: 34776051 DOI: 10.1016/j.ucl.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ureteral stents are an indispensable part of any (endo-) urologic practice. Despite the widely demonstrated advantages of stents, they also carry a considerable risk of side effects and complications, such as urinary symptoms, pain, hematuria, decreased quality of life, stent-related infection, and encrustation. Multiple pathways in preventing or mitigating these side effects and complications and improving stent efficacy have been and are being investigated, including stent architecture and design, biomaterials, and coatings. This article provides an update on currently researched and available stents as well as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Janssen
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ghent, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Tailly
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Ghent, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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