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Philippin H, Morny EKA, Heinrich SP, Töws I, Maier PC, Guthoff RF, Qureshi BM, Reinhard T, Burton MJ, Finger RP. [Global ophthalmology : Update]. DIE OPHTHALMOLOGIE 2024; 121:157-170. [PMID: 38300260 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-023-01983-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The aim of global ophthalmology is to maximize vision, ocular health and functional ability, thereby contributing to overall health and well-being, social inclusion and quality of life of every individual worldwide. Currently, an estimated 1.1 billion people live with visual impairment, 90% of which can be prevented or cured through largely cost-effective interventions. At the same time, 90% of people affected live in regions with insufficient eye health coverage. This challenge drove the World Health Organization (WHO) and a group of nongovernmental organizations to launch "VISION 2020: the Right to Sight", a global campaign which recently concluded after 20 years. The achievements, challenges and lessons learned were identified and incorporated into the current campaign "2030 IN SIGHT".
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Philippin
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland.
- International Centre for Eye Health, Faculty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HTUK, London, Vereinigtes Königreich.
- CBM Christoffel-Blindenmission Christian Blind Mission, Bensheim, Deutschland.
| | - Enyam K A Morny
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Sven P Heinrich
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
| | - Ingrid Töws
- Institut für Evidenz in der Medizin, Universitätsklinikum und Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
| | - Philip C Maier
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
| | - Rudolf F Guthoff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universität Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland
| | - Babar M Qureshi
- CBM Christoffel-Blindenmission Christian Blind Mission, Cambridge, Vereinigtes Königreich
| | - Thomas Reinhard
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
| | - Matthew J Burton
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106, Freiburg i. Brsg., Deutschland
- National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology at Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, Vereinigtes Königreich
| | - Robert P Finger
- Augenklinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Mannheim, Deutschland
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Knoll KM, Philippin H, Makupa W, Nentwich MM. [Emigration-an option for African resident physicians? : Opinions from Tanzania and Ethiopia]. Ophthalmologe 2018; 116:357-363. [PMID: 29589149 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-018-0690-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the majority of visually impaired persons live in low- and middle-income countries. One of the reasons is a lack of ophthalmologists in the respective countries. Migration of qualified personnel would be an additional strain on ophthalmological patient care. OBJECTIVE This analysis aimed at evaluating the attitude of African residents in ophthalmology towards working in their home country or migrating abroad and comparing these findings with existing data also with respect to possible interventions. MATERIAL AND METHODS In 2016 and 2017, participants of ophthalmological training courses for residents in Dar es Salaam (Tanzania) and Addis Ababa (Ethiopia) as well as residents from Moshi (Tanzania) were interviewed on possible migration with the help of a questionnaire. RESULTS In total 60 questionnaires were analyzed. The main reasons for staying in the home country were: "want to support/serve community", "family" as well as "high demand of specialists". Prime motives for possible migration were: "better income", "better working structure/equipment" and "better education". CONCLUSION Links between German and African eye hospitals as they are supported, for example by the working group International Ophthalmology of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG) and the German Committee for the Prevention of Blindness (DKVB), can contribute to improve some of the main reasons of migration, such as insufficient education, working structures and equipment and thus help to prevent a brain drain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Knoll
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
- Augenabteilung, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tansania.
| | - H Philippin
- Augenabteilung, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tansania
- International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, Großbritannien
| | - W Makupa
- Augenabteilung, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tansania
| | - M M Nentwich
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland
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Nentwich MM, Klauß V, Guthoff R. [German ophthalmology in developing countries : Partnerships with eye clinics in developing countries - an initiative of the German Ophthalmological Society]. Ophthalmologe 2017; 114:794-803. [PMID: 28849341 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-017-0550-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In 1999 the global initiative "Vision 2020 - The Right to Sight" was established by the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) and several non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with the goal of reducing avoidable blindness. Based on this initiative, the working group "International Ophthalmology" of the German Ophthalmological Society (DOG), which was established in 1994, was converted into a DOG section with the same name in 2004 and represents one of the core components of the DOG; however, even before there were a number of established partnerships of German and African eye hospitals. The first cooperation of this kind was the partnership between the Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich and the University of Nairobi, Kenya, which was founded in 1978. As a result of this cooperation, the Department of Ophthalmology in Nairobi has evolved into one of the major centers of ophthalmological training and ophthalmic care in East Africa. Since then a number of similar cooperation projects between several hospitals and numerous further projects (e. g. in Myanmar) have been implemented and some of these are presented in this manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Nentwich
- Augenklinik der Julius-Maximilians Universität, Josef-Schneider Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
| | - V Klauß
- Augenklinik, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - R Guthoff
- Augenklinik der Universität Rostock, Rostock, Deutschland
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Nentwich MM, Pleyer U, Schaller UC, Klauß V. [International ophthalmology and travel medicine]. Ophthalmologe 2017; 113:83-94. [PMID: 26631047 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-015-0158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Medical eye care in developing countries is very different from the situation in industrialized nations. In order to prevent rising numbers of blind people worldwide due to increased life expectancy and population growth, the global initiative Vision 2020 "The Right to Sight" was established in 1999. Coordinated initiatives are important as most causes of blindness are either preventable or curable (e.g. cataract surgery); however, due to a lack of resources eye care in developing countries cannot implement all necessary preventive and therapeutic measures at present. The epidemiology of causes of blindness and the situation of ophthalmic care are discussed. Because of increased mobility of people and goods (e.g. air travel and trucking), imported eye diseases are of increasing importance. The difference between travel medicine, which deals with the medical situation of travelers and international ophthalmology (i.e. diseases in tropical countries) is discussed and illustrated on the basis of several important disease patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Nentwich
- Augenklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Mathildenstr. 8, 80336, München, Deutschland. .,Augenklinik und Poliklinik, Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Deutschland.
| | - U Pleyer
- Augenklinik, Uveitis Zentrum, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - U C Schaller
- Augenklinik Herzog Carl-Theodor, München, Deutschland
| | - V Klauß
- Augenklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Mathildenstr. 8, 80336, München, Deutschland
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