Association between anemia and mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and contemporary lipid-lowering therapy

The relationship between non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and anemia: A cross-sectional study of NHANES, 2009 to 2016

The non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio (NHHR) is a newly developed metric that represents the ratio of non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol. Anemia is a prevalent public health concern affecting all age groups. Our purpose is to investigate the connection between NHHR and the prevalence of anemia, as well as to explore their potential interactions. A total of 17,019 participants were incorporated into this research. NHHR was calculated as the scale of non-HDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol. According to WHO criteria, anemia at sea level is diagnosed with a hemoglobin level (g/dL) of <12 for women and <13 for men. This study utilized multivariate linear regression, threshold effect analysis, smooth curve fitting, multivariate logistic regression as well as subgroup analysis, to investigate the linkage between the NHHR and anemia. After complete adjustment, the model indicated a strong inverse relationship between NHHR and the prevalence of anemia (the odds ratio [OR] was 0.82 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.78-0.86), suggesting that an incremental increase in NHHR correlates with an 18% decrease in the prevalence of anemia. Segmenting NHHR into quartiles maintained this significant association. The prevalence of anemia was 51% lower among participants in the highest NHHR quartile compared to those in the lowest quartile, with an OR of 0.49 (95% CI: 0.41-0.59; P for trend < .0001). Subsequent analysis revealed a significant improvement in the threshold effect value to 4.28 for the potential relationship between NHHR and anemia. Subgroup analysis showed an inverse correlation in some subgroups. Alcohol consumption significantly affects the relationship between NHHR and anemia (interaction P < .05). Our study revealed that NHHR is inversely proportional to the prevalence of anemia in U.S. adults.

Platelet-hemoglobin ratio predicts amputation in patients with below-knee peripheral arterial disease

BACKGROUND

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) causes significant morbidity today. Atherosclerosis is evident in the pathophysiological process in most patients, so PAD has similar risk factors as coronary artery disease. Platelet-Hemoglobin ratio (PHR) has been proven to predict mortality in atherosclerotic heart disease. We aimed to determine the relationship between PHR and below-knee amputation.

METHODS

The study is a single-center retrospective study. Platelet count/hemoglobin amount formula was used for PHR. Only PAD patients with below-knee critical extremity ischemia and unsuitable for revascularization were included in the study.

RESULTS

235 patients were included in the study retrospectively. The mean age was 65.7 ± 9.9 years and 175(74.5%) of them were male. In the amputated group, white blood cell, neutrophil, platelet, creatinine, glucose, and PHR were higher (p = .031, p = .045, p = .011, p = .048 p = .018, p = .004, respectively). Only hemoglobin values were lower (p = .003). Multivariable regression analysis showed; age, albumin and PHR were determined as independent risk factors for amputation (Age; OR (95%CI): (1.094(1.040-1.152), p = .001) (Albumin; OR (95% CI): 1.950(1.623-1.799), p = .001) (PHR; OR (95% CI): 1.872(1.246-2.812), p = .003). Receiver operating characteristics analysis performed to determine the optimal cut-off value of PHR for amputation, the optimal value was found 2.08 (65.8% sensitivity, 67.5% specificity, p < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

PHR was a good predictor for BKA. Using the PHR, it may be possible to identify high-risk patients for amputation.

Relevance of pre-existing anaemia for patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome to an intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort analysis of 7418 patients

Aims

Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) frequently suffer from anaemia, but its role in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) is unclear. This analysis evaluates the prognostic relevance of different degrees of anaemia and their specific impact on disease severity and the outcome in critically ill ACS patients.

Methods and results

and results The multi-centre electronic Intensive Care Unit Collaborative Research Database was used, and all patients admitted with ACS were included in a retrospective analysis. Anaemia and its degrees were defined according to the criteria by the World Health Organization. A multi-level logistic regression analysis was used to fit three sequential regression models for the binary primary outcome of hospital mortality. A total of 7418 patients were included; 3437 patients (46%) had anaemia on admission. Patients with anaemia were significantly older [61 (53–70) vs. 70 (61–78) years, P < 0.001], more often female (P < 0.001), and required an increased rate of vasopressor use (P < 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (P < 0.001). With the higher Sequential organ failure assessment score (1 vs. 2; P < 0.001) and Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation (35 vs. 47; P < 0.001) scores, a higher degree of anaemia was associated with prolonged ICU stay (2 vs. 5 days, P < 0.001). Even patients with mild anaemia needed significantly from more intensive treatment and suffered worse outcome. Intensive care unit and hospital mortality were inversely associated with haemoglobin levels.

Conclusion

Nearly half of critically ill patients with ACS suffer from anaemia, which is associated with increased illness severity, complex ICU procedures, and mortality—even in mild anaemia. Haemoglobin on admission is an independent factor for adverse outcome.