Posterior fossa subdural hematoma in a neonate with cleidocranial dysostosis after a spontaneous vaginal delivery: a case report

Prenatal diagnosis of cleidocranial dysplasia: Case report on two cases with a negative family history

Introduction

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia that presents with abnormalities in the craniofacial region, teeth, and clavicles and is linked to RUNX2 mutation. Prenatal diagnoses of CCD have rarely been reported, and most of these cases have a positive family history. Here we report two prenatally diagnosed CCD cases without a positive family history. We conducted a literature review to summarize the prenatal sonographic findings of CCD.

Case reports

Case 1 (a 26-year-old woman): ultrasound at 13 weeks showed a thickened nuchal translucency with absent nasal bones and poor ossifications in the cranium and vertebrae. Genetic testing confirmed a frame shift deletion of RUNX2. Case 2 (a 27-year-old woman): ultrasound at 32 weeks showed potential fetal skeletal dysplasia, with inadequate skull ossification, mild ossified bilateral clavicles, and RUNX2 frameshift deletion mutation. Both cases were diagnosed with CCD and the parents chose pregnancy termination.

Conclusion

These cases underscore the importance of sonographic examination for prenatal CCD diagnosis with a negative family history. By reviewing previous cases, we concluded that combining NB hypoplasia, clavicle and skull hypoplasia, and shortened long bones may be effective for early screening for CCD. Prenatal diagnosis is crucial for guiding medical decisions.

Cleidocranial Dysplasia Causing Respiratory Distress in Neonates: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD; OMIM 119600) is a rare autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasia, which is mainly characterized by persistently open or delayed closure of fontanelle, patent skull sutures, abnormal clavicles, pectus excavatum, short stature, supernumerary teeth, and sinus and middle ear infections. It is caused by Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2; OMIM 600211) mutations. Herein, we present a rare case of CCD with neonatal respiratory distress, who had abnormal midfacial features and wide fontanelle. Also, pectus excavatum was noted. He was transferred to our department, administered standard medical treatment, and discharged after 4 weeks. Therefore, we recommend the early suspicion and identification of this rare inherited disease to adequate treatment.

Cleidocranial dysplasia, a rare skeletal disorder with failure of the cranial closure: case-based update

BACKGROUND AND AIM

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare disorder of skeletal development that mainly promotes, among other malformations, inadequate development of clavicles and failure in cranial closure. In this affection, the role of neurosurgery in addressing cranial defects is rarely discussed.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We conducted an extensive review of the literature using the PubMed database, giving a greater focus to publications in the field of neurosurgery. Additionally, we report a case of a 2-year-old female child with cleidocranial dysplasia.

RESULTS

In our review, we encountered several cases of orthodontic implications but a few cases on cranial defect approach.

CONCLUSION

The articles present literature that is unanimous on the recommendation of expectant conduct in children since the cranial block can occur spontaneously, even if the delayed form. In our approach, we opted for an expected strategy concerning the cranial defect, using a helmet made for brain protection. We also made the referral for multidisciplinary monitoring of pediatrics, neuropediatrics, ophthalmology, dentistry, and orthopedics.