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Ishii Y, Sato-Otsubo A, Takita J, Morio T, Takagi M. Copy number alteration analysis for neuroblastoma using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Pediatr Int 2021; 63:1192-1197. [PMID: 33462952 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant tumor derived from the neural crest. MYCN amplification is a well-known adverse molecular prognostic factor for NB. Genome copy number alterations (CNAs) such as chromosome (Chr) 11q deletion, 1p deletion, and 17q gain are associated with a poor prognosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and Southern blotting analysis are frequently used to detect MYCN amplification. Although comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip arrays can easily detect CNAs, these methods are impractical for clinical use due to their cost and run time. Consequently, genome copy number analysis using digital droplet PCR has become widely used to monitor CNAs. METHODS In this study, we used digital droplet polymerase chain reaction to detect MYCN amplification and Chr 11q CNA, which was used for risk stratification according to the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group classification system. We compared the results with data from SNP chip arrays in seven NB cell lines and eight primary NB samples. RESULTS Digital droplet PCR assays successfully detected MYCN amplification and 11q CNA. The results were very consistent with those obtained by SNP chip assay. CONCLUSIONS Digital droplet PCR can be conducted more rapidly than FISH or Southern blotting. Accordingly, it should be useful for on-site clinical applications aimed at detecting CNAs in NB and performing risk stratification promptly after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Sato-Otsubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Morio
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takagi
- Department of Pediatrics and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Szewczyk K, Wieczorek A, Młynarski W, Janczar S, Woszczyk M, Gamrot Z, Chaber R, Wysocki M, Pogorzała M, Bik-Multanowski M, Balwierz W. Unfavorable Outcome of Neuroblastoma in Patients With 2p Gain. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1018. [PMID: 31649880 PMCID: PMC6794702 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Amplification of the MYCN oncogene is the most unfavorable genetic factor in neuroblastoma patients. However, knowledge about the clinical impact of low-level multiplication of MYCN is still insufficient. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the disease course in patients with different copy number status of MYCN. Materials and Methods: We examined 105 children diagnosed with neuroblastoma from 2010 to 2018 in five pediatric oncology centers in Poland. We determined the MYCN status at diagnosis by the interphase FISH examination and assessed the clinical outcome in patients. Results: A total of 35% of tumors presented with chromosome 2 numerical changes, 20% had MYCN amplification and 16% revealed 2p gain. Unexpectedly, we observed very low overall survival and event free survival (EFS) rates in neuroblastomas with 2p gain, which were comparable with patients with MYCN amplification. Conclusions: The 2p gain alteration should be reported as a strong unfavorable prognostic marker in neuroblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Szewczyk
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wieczorek
- Department of Pediatrics Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Młynarski
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Szymon Janczar
- Department of Pediatrics, Oncology, Hematology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariola Woszczyk
- Unit of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, City Hospital, Chorzow, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Gamrot
- Unit of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, City Hospital, Chorzow, Poland
| | - Radosław Chaber
- Clinic of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mariusz Wysocki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Monika Pogorzała
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Mirosław Bik-Multanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Walentyna Balwierz
- Department of Pediatrics Oncology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Ma Y, Zheng J, Feng J, Chen L, Dong K, Xiao X. Neuroblastomas in Eastern China: a retrospective series study of 275 cases in a regional center. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5665. [PMID: 30245940 PMCID: PMC6148411 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Most studies on neuroblastoma (NB) have been conducted in Western countries or Japan. The objective of our study was to analyze clinical and pathological features, MYCN status, surgical methods, and prognosis in Chinese NB patients. Methods A retrospective, single-center case series study of 275 NBs was implemented. Clinical manifestations, pathological features, MYCN status, and surgical treatment were analyzed. Log-rank test and Cox hazards models were used to assess overall survivals (OSs). Results The cohort consisted of 105 females and 170 males, with an age range of five days to 15 years. MYCN amplification was detected in 21.5% of all cases. The median OS was 15.0 months for MYCN amplified group. The five-year OS rates were 70.8% and 18.3% for MYCN unamplified and amplified groups, respectively, and the comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves for these two groups showed statistical significance (P < .001 by log-rank test). Gross total resection (GTR, n = 111) and subtotal resection (STR, n = 58) were administered in 169 patients at stages 3 and 4 who received chemotherapy and the comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves for different groups in these patients had statistical significance (STR vs. GTR, P = .009; MYCN unamplified vs. amplified, P < .001 by log-rank test, respectively).The multivariate survival analyses showed statistical significance (STR vs. GTR, P = .047; MYCN unamplified vs. amplified, P = .001 by Cox regression model). Conclusions MYCN amplification is an independently adverse prognostic factor in Chinese NB patients at stages 3 and 4 and GTR is associated with improved OS compared with STR in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Ma
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jicui Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Feng
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian Chen
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kuiran Dong
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianmin Xiao
- Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Estiar MA, Javan F, Zekri A, Mehrazin M, Mehdipour P. Prognostic significance of MYCN gene amplification and protein expression in primary brain tumors: Astrocytoma and meningioma. Cancer Biomark 2017; 19:341-351. [PMID: 28453467 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-160546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astrocytoma and meningioma are the most common primary brain tumors. MYCN as a member of MYC proto-oncogenes has recently appeared as an attractive therapeutic target. Functions of MYCN are critical for growth of nervous system and neural differentiation. OBJECTIVE We examined MYCN amplification and protein expression in astrocytoma and meningioma cases. METHODS In this study, we used real-time PCR, FISH assay and flowcytometry to analyze DNA amplification and protein expression of MYCN. RESULTS Among 30 samples of brain tumor, 14 cases (46.6%) revealed MYCN amplification. High-protein expression of MYCN was also observed in 43.3% of patients. There was a significant correlation between MYCN gene amplification and protein expression (r= 0.523; p= 0.003), interestingly five case showed discrepancy between the gene amplification and protein expression. Although MYCN amplification fails to show correlation with poor prognosis (p= 0.305), protein high-expression of MYCN significantly reduce disease-free survival (p= 0.019). CONCLUSIONS Our results challenge the concept of the neural specificity of MYCN by demonstrating contribution of MYCN in meningioma. Moreover, this study highlights the importance of research at both level of DNA and protein, to determine the biological functions and medical impacts of MYCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Asghari Estiar
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firouzeh Javan
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Zekri
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Mehrazin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mehdipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fransson S, Hansson M, Ruuth K, Djos A, Berbegall A, Javanmardi N, Abrahamsson J, Palmer RH, Noguera R, Hallberg B, Kogner P, Martinsson T. Intragenic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements: Translocations as a novel mechanism ofALKactivation in neuroblastoma tumors. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2014; 54:99-109. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Fransson
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Magnus Hansson
- Department of Pathology; Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Section for Pathology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Kristina Ruuth
- Department of Molecular Biology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - Anna Djos
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ana Berbegall
- Department of Pathology, Medical School; University of Valencia, INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Niloufar Javanmardi
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics; Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Ruth H. Palmer
- Department of Molecular Biology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Rosa Noguera
- Department of Pathology, Medical School; University of Valencia, INCLIVA; Valencia Spain
| | - Bengt Hallberg
- Department of Molecular Biology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Cell Biology; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health; Childhood Cancer Research Unit; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics; Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg; Gothenburg Sweden
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Prochazka P, Hrabeta J, Vicha A, Cipro S, Stejskalova E, Musil Z, Vodicka P, Eckschlager T. Changes in MYCN expression in human neuroblastoma cell lines following cisplatin treatment may not be related to MYCN copy numbers. Oncol Rep 2013; 29:2415-21. [PMID: 23563570 DOI: 10.3892/or.2013.2383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a tumor accounting for approximately 10% of all childhood malignancies and 50% of all childhood cancer-related deaths. MYCN gene copy number variation represents the most important prognostic factor in neuroblastoma. Prognostic significance of MYCN gene expression is more complicated and may depend on other factors such as MYCN gene copy number status. In the present study, we assessed MYCN gene expression using real-time RT-PCR following cisplatin treatment in three human neuroblastoma cell lines (UKF-NB-3, UKF-NB-4 and SK-N-AS) and their cisplatin-resistant counterparts. We also examined MYCN gene status and copy number (gain and amplification) variations using interphase and metaphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Only cisplatin-sensitive UKF-NB-4 cells exhibited decreased MYCN expression following treatment with cisplatin. Other sensitive neuroblastoma cells did not exhibit a change in MYCN expression. In contrast, cisplatin-resistant UKF-NB-4 and SK-N-AS cells exhibited increased MYCN expression irrespective of the number of MYCN copies or concentration of cisplatin in the medium. In MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma cells we did not observe any significant change in the number of MYCN copies after cisplatin treatment, whereas MYCN-non-amplified SK-N-AS cells revealed during cisplatin treatment an increased number of MYCN gene copies caused by 2p gain in the majority of cells by FISH. We postulated that cisplatin treatment does not result directly in altered transcription of MYCN. A functional change in MYCN mRNA levels and increased MYCN expression in cisplatin-resistant neuroblastoma cells do not have a clear relationship to MYCN copy numbers. These findings may further contribute to the understanding of cisplatin chemotherapy in connection with MYCN expression, and the possible copy number variations in MYCN neuroblastoma cells may be of importance since targeting of MYCN is being tested as neuroblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Prochazka
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, Second Medical School, Charles University in Prague and University Hospital Motol, 15006 Prague, Czech Republic.
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Louzada S, Adega F, Chaves R. Defining the sister rat mammary tumor cell lines HH-16 cl.2/1 and HH-16.cl.4 as an in vitro cell model for Erbb2. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29923. [PMID: 22253826 PMCID: PMC3254647 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cell lines have been shown to be reliable tools in genetic studies of breast cancer, and the characterization of these lines indicates that they are good models for studying the biological mechanisms underlying this disease. Here, we describe the molecular cytogenetic/genetic characterization of two sister rat mammary tumor cell lines, HH-16 cl.2/1 and HH-16.cl.4, for the first time. Molecular cytogenetic analysis using rat and mouse chromosome paint probes and BAC/PAC clones allowed the characterization of clonal chromosome rearrangements; moreover, this strategy assisted in revealing detected breakpoint regions and complex chromosome rearrangements. This comprehensive cytogenetic analysis revealed an increase in the number of copies of the Mycn and Erbb2 genes in the investigated cell lines. To analyze its possible correlation with expression changes, relative RNA expression was assessed by real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR and RNA FISH. Erbb2 was found to be overexpressed in HH-16.cl.4, but not in the sister cell line HH-16 cl.2/1, even though these lines share the same initial genetic environment. Moreover, the relative expression of Erbb2 decreased after global genome demethylation in the HH-16.cl.4 cell line. As these cell lines are commercially available and have been used in previous studies, the present detailed characterization improves their value as an in vitro cell model. We believe that the development of appropriate in vitro cell models for breast cancer is of crucial importance for revealing the genetic and cellular pathways underlying this neoplasy and for employing them as experimental tools to assist in the generation of new biotherapies.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Azacitidine/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Shape/drug effects
- Chromosome Breakage/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial/genetics
- Chromosomes, Mammalian/genetics
- Clone Cells
- Computational Biology
- Cytogenetic Analysis
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- DNA Methylation/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Genes, Neoplasm/genetics
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Mice
- Models, Biological
- N-Myc Proto-Oncogene Protein
- Ploidies
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Louzada
- Center of Genomics and Biotechnology, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (IBB/CGB-UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Filomena Adega
- Center of Genomics and Biotechnology, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (IBB/CGB-UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Raquel Chaves
- Center of Genomics and Biotechnology, Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (IBB/CGB-UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
- * E-mail:
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Souzaki R, Tajiri T, Teshiba R, Kinoshita Y, Yosue R, Kohashi K, Oda Y, Taguchi T. Correlation between the number of segmental chromosome aberrations and the age at diagnosis of diploid neuroblastomas without MYCN amplification. J Pediatr Surg 2011; 46:2228-32. [PMID: 22152855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In neuroblastomas (NBs) without MYCN amplification, segmental chromosome aberrations SCAs such as 1p loss, 11q loss, and 17q gain have been suggested to be associated with the prognosis of the patients. We assessed the correlation between the number of SCAs and other biological factors in primary NBs samples. METHOD The status of SCAs in 54 primary NBs samples was analyzed using the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array (Human CMV370-Duo; Illumina, San Diego, CA). The status of MYCN amplification was determined by an SNP array and the fluorescence in situ hybridization method. The DNA ploidy was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS Nine of 54 samples showed MYCN amplification. All 9 samples with MYCN amplification and 20 of 45 samples without MYCN amplification showed diploidy/tetraploidy, and the other 25 samples without MYCN amplification showed aneuploidy. The most frequent SCAs were 17q gain (26/54; 48.1%) and 11q loss (16/54; 29.6%), followed by 1p loss (15/54; 27.8%). The number of SCAs in diploidy/tetraploidy NBs without MYCN amplification (7.00 ± 4.67) was higher than that in NBs with MYCN amplification (4.78 ± 2.82) and in aneuploid NBs (1.64 ± 2.78) (P < .05). In diploid/tetraploid NBs without MYCN amplification, there was a significant difference between an age at diagnosis less than 12 months (n = 7) and over 12 months (n = 13) (4.14 ± 3.63 vs 8.54 ± 4.54; P = .04). Moreover, the number of SCAs correlated with the age at diagnosis in diploid/tetraploid samples without MYCN amplification (r = 0.70, P = .0006). In NBs with MYCN amplification, the number of SCAs did not correlate with the age at diagnosis. CONCLUSION The number of SCAs significantly increased in proportion to age at diagnosis in diploid/tetraploid NBs without MYCN amplification. The increase in the number of these SCAs may play an important role in the prognosis of patients without MYCN amplification over 12 months of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Souzaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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