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Mahmoudian RA, Fathi F, Farshchian M, Abbaszadegan MR. Construction and Quantitative Evaluation of a Tissue-Specific Sleeping Beauty by EDL2-Specific Transposase Expression in Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma Cell Line KYSE-30. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:350-360. [PMID: 35474410 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery to esophageal tissue could provide novel treatments for diseases, such as cancer. The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system, as a natural and non-viral tool, is efficient at transferring transgene into the human genome for human cell genetic engineering. The plasmid-based SB transposon can insert into chromosomes through an accurate recombinase-mediated mechanism, providing long-term expression of transgene integrated into the target cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate the activity of ED-L2 tissue-specific promoter that was engineered from the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and combined with the hyperactive SB100X transposase to achieve the stable expression of T2-Onc3 transposon in esophageal squamous epithelial cells. Here we constructed an SB transposon-based plasmid system to obtain the stable expression of transposon upon introduction of a hyperactive SB transposase under the control of tissue-specific ED-L2 promoter via the lipid-based delivery method in the cultured esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Among established human and mouse cell lines, the (ED-L2)-SB100X transposase was active only in human esophageal stratified squamous epithelial and differentiated keratinocytes derived from skin (KYSE-30 and HaCaT cell lines), where it revealed high promoter activity. Data offered that the 782 bp sequence of ED-L2 promoter has a key role in its activity in vitro. The (ED-L2)-SB100X transposase mediated stable integration of T2-Onc3 in KYSE-30 cells, thereby providing further evidence of the tissue specificity of ED-L2 promoter. The KYSE-30 cells modified with the SB system integrate on average 187 copies of the T2-Onc3 transposon in its genome. In aggregate, the (ED-L2)-SB100X transposase can be efficiently applied for the tissue-specific stable expression of a transgene in human KYSE-30 cells using SB transposon.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fardin Fathi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Moein Farshchian
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR) Razavi Khorasan, ACECR Central Building, Ferdowsi University Campus, Mashhad- Azadi Square, Mashhad Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Medical Genetics Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Sattar RSA, Verma R, Nimisha, Kumar A, Dar GM, Apurva, Sharma AK, Kumari I, Ahmad E, Ali A, Mahajan B, Saluja SS. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer and the potential role of exosomes in drug delivery. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110413. [PMID: 35907519 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is third most common cancer with second most common cause of death worldwide. One fourth to one fifth of the CRC cases are detected at advance stage. Early detection of colorectal cancer might help in decreasing mortality and morbidity worldwide. CRC being a heterogeneous disease, new non-invasive approaches are needed to complement and improve the screening and management of CRC. Reliable and early detectable biomarkers would improve diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic responses, and will enable the prediction of drug response and recurrence risk. Over the past decades molecular research has demonstrated the potentials of CTCs, ctDNAs, circulating mRNA, ncRNAs, and exosomes as tumor biomarkers. Non-invasive screening approaches using fecal samples for identification of altered gut microbes in CRC is also gaining attention. Exosomes can be potential candidates that can be employed in the drug delivery system. Further, the integration of in vitro, in vivo and in silico models that involve CRC biomarkers will help to understand the interactions occurring at the cellular level. This review summarizes recent update on CRC biomarkers and their application along with the nanoparticles followed by the application of organoid culture in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Real Sumayya Abdul Sattar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Renu Verma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Nimisha
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ghulam Mehdi Dar
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Apurva
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Sharma
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Indu Kumari
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Ejaj Ahmad
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Asgar Ali
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Bhawna Mahajan
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Sundeep Singh Saluja
- Central Molecular Laboratory, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India; Department of GI Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India.
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3
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Pietrzyk Ł, Korolczuk A, Matysek M, Arciszewski MB, Torres K. Clinical Value of Detecting Tumor Endothelial Marker 8 (ANTXR1) as a Biomarker in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3113-3122. [PMID: 33859497 PMCID: PMC8043785 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s298165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the continuous improvements in prevention and detection of colorectal cancer (CRC), there is an urgent need to find a sensitive, specific, and noninvasive biomarker to improve the early diagnosis and prognosis of CRC. We aimed to evaluate the tissue TEM8 expression and the serum TEM8 concentration in CRC patients. Methods The study enrolled 42 CRC patients and 35 controls. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to assess the TEM8 tissue expression, whereas the serum TEM8 concentration was evaluated with the ELISA assay. Results The expression of TEM8 observed in all primary colorectal tumor samples was significantly correlated with the TNM stages and the presence of lymphovascular invasion. The serum TEM8 concentration was significantly higher in CRC patients than in the controls. The TEM8 level was strongly associated with the TNM stage, depth of invasion, and lymph node and distant metastasis. Patients with a high serum TEM8 concentration had a worse overall survival (OS) rate than CRC patients with a low serum TEM8 level. Conclusion TEM8 may serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of CRC and it has value in predicting the prognosis of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Pietrzyk
- Department of Didactics and Medical Simulation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.,Department of General, Oncological and Minimally Invasive Surgery, 1st Military Clinical Hospital with the Outpatient Clinic in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Korolczuk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Matysek
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marcin B Arciszewski
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamil Torres
- Department of Didactics and Medical Simulation, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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4
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Vafaei S, Fattahi F, Ebrahimi M, Janani L, Shariftabrizi A, Madjd Z. Common molecular markers between circulating tumor cells and blood exosomes in colorectal cancer: a systematic and analytical review. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8669-8698. [PMID: 31576171 PMCID: PMC6768129 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s219699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly half of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), the third leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, are diagnosed in the late stages of the disease. Appropriate treatment is not applied in a timely manner and nearly 90% of the patients who experience metastasis ultimately die. Timely detection of CRC can increase the five-year survival rate of patients. Existing histopathological and molecular classifications are insufficient for prediction of metastasis, which limits approaches to treatment. Detection of reliable cancer-related biomarkers can improve early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response prediction and recurrence risk. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes in peripheral blood can be used in a liquid biopsy to assess the status of a tumor. Exosomes are abundant and available in all fluids of the body, have a high half-life and are released by most cells. Tumor-derived exosomes are released from primary tumors or CTCs with selective cargo that represents the overall tumor. The current systematic review highlights new trends and approaches in the detection of CRC biomarkers to determine tumor signatures using CTC and exosomes. When these are combined, they could be used to guide molecular pathology and can revolutionize detection tools. Relevant observational studies published until July 24, 2019 which evaluated the expression of tumor markers in CTCs and exosomes were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and ISI Web of Science databases. The extracted biomarkers were analyzed using String and EnrichR tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Vafaei
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Fattahi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ebrahimi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Janani
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Madjd
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Soleymani S, Khales SA, Jafarian AH, Kalat HR, Forghanifard MM. PYGO2 as an independent diagnostic marker expressed in a majority of colorectal cancers. J Histotechnol 2019; 42:98-103. [PMID: 31492088 DOI: 10.1080/01478885.2019.1610214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers worldwide. Detection of CRC at the early stages of disease can play an important role in decrease of associated mortality rates. The Wnt signaling pathway is crucial for the progression of different cellular and developmental processes and Wnt pathway deregulation has been well characterized in a variety of cancers, particularly in CRC. The aim of this study was to analyze protein expression of Pygopus2 (PYGO2), the main transcription factor of Wnt pathway, in CRC tissues and evaluate its probable correlation with clinicopathological features of the patients. The expression pattern of PYGO2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissues and their margin normal which is the piece of normal, or unaffected tissue excised from the surrounding the visible tumors in 46 CRC patients. A defined scoring system was applied to analyze immunostaining results. The expression of PYGO2 protein was detected in all tumor tissues. Furthermore, this expression was significantly higher in CRC samples than in normal tissues. There was a significant association between PYGO2 protein expression in CRC and tumor cell metastasis to the lymph nodes. Considering the significant expression of PYGO2 protein in colorectal tumor cells and its correlation with lymph node metastasis, this protein may be used as a biomarker for metastatic CRC as well as a putative therapeutic target to inhibit aggressiveness and metastasis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Soleymani
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University , Damghan , Iran
| | - Sima Ardalan Khales
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Jafarian
- Department of Pathology, Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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Xing Y, Zhang Z, Chi F, Zhou Y, Ren S, Zhao Z, Zhu Y, Piao D. AEBP1, a prognostic indicator, promotes colon adenocarcinoma cell growth and metastasis through the NF-κB pathway. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1795-1808. [PMID: 31219650 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal expression of adipocyte enhancer binding protein 1 (AEBP1) has been implicated in the carcinogenesis and progression of various types of human tumors. However, the role of AEBP1 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains largely unelucidated. In this study, we explored the clinical significance and biological function of AEBP1 in COAD. We observed that AEBP1 was overexpressed in COAD tissues and cells and that the expression of AEBP1 was correlated with tumor size, the level of histologic differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and cancer stage in COAD patients. In addition, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that high AEBP1 expression suggested poor prognosis in COAD. Moreover, AEBP1 silencing suppressed COAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, whereas the upregulation of AEBP1 promoted these behaviors. Additionally, mechanistic studies further demonstrated that AEBP1 promoted COAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by upregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, vimentin, and TWIST whereas downregulating that of E-cadherin through the nuclear factor-κB pathway. Collectively, these data indicated that AEBP1 may be a new prognostic factor and a potential gene therapy target in COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Xing
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxu Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Molnár B, Galamb O, Kalmár A, Barták BK, Nagy ZB, Tóth K, Tulassay Z, Igaz P, Dank M. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids as biomarkers in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis - an update. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:477-498. [PMID: 31046485 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1613891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Screening methods for one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC), have limitations. Circulating cell-free nucleic acids (cfNA) hold clinical relevance as screening, prognostic and therapy monitoring markers. Area covered: In this review, we summarize potential CRC-specific cfNA biomarkers, the recently developed sample preparation techniques, their applications, and pitfalls. Expert opinion: Automated extraction of cfDNA is highly reproducible, however, cfDNA yield is less compared to manual isolation. Quantitative and highly sensitive detection techniques (e.g. digital PCR, NGS) can be applied to analyze genetic and epigenetic changes. Detection of DNA mutations or methylation in cfDNA and related altered levels of mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA may improve early cancer recognition, based on specific, CRC-related patterns. Detection of cfDNA mutations (e.g. TP53, KRAS, APC) has limited diagnostic sensitivity (40-60%), however, methylated DNA including SEPT9, SFRP1, SDC2 can be applied with higher sensitivity (up to 90%) for CRC. Circulating miRNAs (e.g. miR-21, miR-92, miR-141) provide comparably high sensitivity for CRC as the circulating tumor cell mRNA markers (e.g. EGFR, CK19, CK20, CEA). Automation of cfNA isolation coupled with quantitative analysis of CRC-related, highly sensitive biomarkers may enhance CRC screening and early detection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Molnár
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,b MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Unit , Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Orsolya Galamb
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,b MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Unit , Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Alexandra Kalmár
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,b MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Unit , Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Barbara Kinga Barták
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Zsófia Brigitta Nagy
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Kinga Tóth
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Zsolt Tulassay
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,b MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Unit , Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Péter Igaz
- a 2nd Department of Internal Medicine , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary.,b MTA-SE Molecular Medicine Research Unit , Hungarian Academy of Sciences and Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
| | - Magdolna Dank
- c Department of Oncology , Semmelweis University , Budapest , Hungary
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Abstract
PURPOSE Apoptosis is one of the main involved processes during development and organogenesis and its aberration may result in tumorigenesis. In the present study, due to the role of death inducer-obliterator 1 (DIDO1) in activation of caspases 9 and 3 during the apoptosis process, the role of DIDO1 as the shortest splicing variant of the DIDO gene was assessed for the first time in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. METHODS DIDO1 mRNA expression in tumor tissues from 50 ESCC patients was compared to their corresponding margin normal tissues using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Nine out of 50 (18%) and 13 out of 50 (26%) cases had DIDO1 under- and overexpression, respectively. There was a significant correlation between DIDO1 mRNA expression and tumor depth of invasion (p = 0.050). Also, there was a significant correlation between age of patients and levels of DIDO1 mRNA expression (p = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS This study is the first report that assessed the DIDO1 expression in ESCC patients and revealed its probable role in the early steps of tumor progression and metastasis. Therefore, DIDO1 can be suggested as a marker for the primary ESCCs.
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Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular origins of colorectal Cancer among the Iranians: an update. Diagn Pathol 2018; 13:97. [PMID: 30579343 PMCID: PMC6303916 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-018-0774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one the leading causes of cancer related deaths among Iranians. Despite the various progresses in new therapeutic methods, it has still a low rate of survival. This high ratio of mortality is mainly related to the late diagnosis, in which the patients refer for treatment in advanced stages of tumor. MAIN BODY: colorectal cancer progression is largely associated with molecular and genetic bases. Although Iran has a high ratio of CRC mortality, there is not an efficient genetic panel for detection and prognosis. Therefore, it is critical to introduce new diagnostic markers with ability to detect in early stages. CONCLUSION Present review summarizes all of the genetic and epigenetic factors which are reported in CRC until now among the Iranian patients to pave the way of incorporation of new ethnic specific markers into the clinical practice and development of new targeted therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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10
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Tan D, Fu Y, Tong W, Li F. Prognostic significance of lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Int J Surg 2018; 55:128-138. [PMID: 29807167 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, an inflammation-based score, has been used to predict the biological behavior of malignant tumors. However, the relationship between the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer remains controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the association between the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS Data were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Web of science, the hazard ratio and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the prognostic value of the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio. Outcomes of interest included prognosis, such as overall survival, disease-free survival, and cancer-specific survival in patients with colorectal cancer. RESULTS fifteen retrospective, observational, cohort studies involving 11,783 patients were identified. A high lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) was a significant predictor of better overall survival (hazard ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval: 0.52-0.62, P < 0.001), disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 0.77, 95% confidence interval: 0.70-0.84, P < 0.001), and cancer-specific survival (hazard ratio = 0.55, 95% confidence interval: 0.32-0.95, P = 0.031). Increased LMR is also significantly associated with the tumor invasion depth (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.97) and tumor size (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.61-0.89). CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that a high lymphocyte to monocyte ratio might be a useful marker for colorectal cancer prognosis. As most of these findings were from retrospective studies, further studies are needed to verify the significance of the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewen Tan
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Division, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Tong
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Division, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Colorectal Division, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Ardalan Khales S, Ebrahimi E, Jahanzad E, Ardalan Khales S, Forghanifard MM. MAML1 and TWIST1 co-overexpression promote invasion of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2018; 14:e434-e441. [PMID: 29333702 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide with considerable morbidity and mortality. Invasion and metastasis of HNSCC is a complex process involving multiple molecules and signaling pathways. Twist Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1 (TWIST1) and Mastermind-like 1 (MAML1) are essential in induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition through direct regulation of implicated molecules in cellular adhesion, migration and invasion. Our aim in this study was to assess the clinical significance of MAML1 and TWIST1 expression in HNSCC, and elucidate the probable correlation between these genes to exhibit their possible associations with progression and metastasis of the disease. METHODS The gene expression profile of MAML1 and TWIST1 was assessed in fresh tumoral compared to distant tumor-free tissues of 55 HNSCC patients using quantitative real-time Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS Significant overexpression of MAML1 and TWIST1 mRNA was observed in 49.1% and 38.2% (P ˂ 0.05) of tumor specimens, respectively. Overexpression of MAML1 was associated with vascular invasion (P = 0.048). Concomitant overexpression of MAML1 and TWIST1 was significantly correlated to each other (P = 0.004). Co-overexpression of the genes was significantly correlated to the various clinicopathological indices of poor prognosis including depth of tumor invasion (P < 0.01), lymphatic invasion and grade of tumor cell differentiation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Significant correlation between MAML1 and TWIST1 in HNSCC was revealed. This study was the first report elucidating MAML1 clinical relevance in HNSCC. These new findings suggest an oncogenic role for concomitant expression of MAML1 and TWIST1 genes in HNSCC invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Ardalan Khales
- Department of Biology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Ebrahimi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Eisa Jahanzad
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Ardalan Khales
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Identification of MST1 as a potential early detection biomarker for colorectal cancer through a proteomic approach. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14265. [PMID: 29079854 PMCID: PMC5660227 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14539-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant neoplasm worldwide. It is important to identify new biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. In this study, magnetic beads and the Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) platform were used to analyse CRC and healthy control (HC) serum samples. The CRC diagnosis pattern was established to have a specificity of 94.7% and sensitivity of 92.3% in a blind test. The candidate biomarker serine/threonine kinase 4 (STK4, also known as MST1) was identified by Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and verified with western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results indicated that there was a higher concentration of MST1 in HC subjects than stage I CRC patients for the early detection of CRC and a lower concentration in stage IV patients than in other CRC patients. The sensitivity and specificity of MST1 combined with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and faecal occult blood test (FOBT) in diagnosis of colorectal cancer were 92.3% and 100%, respectively. Additionally, low MST1 expression was associated with the poor prognosis. These results illustrate that MST1 is a potential biomarker for early detection, prognosis and prediction of distant metastasis of CRC.
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Jia Z, Ackroyd C, Han T, Agrawal V, Liu Y, Christensen K, Dominy B. Effects from metal ion in tumor endothelial marker 8 and anthrax protective antigen: BioLayer Interferometry experiment and molecular dynamics simulation study. J Comput Chem 2017; 38:1183-1190. [PMID: 28437008 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
One of the anthrax receptors, tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8), is reported to be a potential anticancer target due to its over-expression during tumor angiogenesis. To extend our BioLayer Interferometry study in PA-TEM8 binding, we present a computational approach to reveal the role of an integral metal ion on receptor structure and binding thermodynamics. We estimated the interaction energy between PA and TEM8 using computer simulation. Consistent with experimental study, computational results indicate the metal ion in TEM8 contributes significantly to the binding affinity, and PA-TEM8 binding is more favorable in the presence of Mg2+ than Ca2+ . Further, computational analysis suggests that the differences in PA-TEM8 binding affinity are comparable to the closely related integrin proteins. The conformation change, which linked to changes in activity of integrins, was not found in TEM8. In the present of Mg2+ , TEM8 remains in a conformation analogous to an integrin open (high-affinity) conformation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Jia
- Clemson University Department of Chemistry, 309 Hunter Lab Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Christine Ackroyd
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C205 BNSN, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602
| | - Tingting Han
- Clemson University Department of Chemistry, 309 Hunter Lab Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Vibhor Agrawal
- Clemson University Department of Chemistry, 309 Hunter Lab Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Yinling Liu
- Clemson University Department of Chemistry, 309 Hunter Lab Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
| | - Kenneth Christensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, C205 BNSN, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602
| | - Brian Dominy
- Clemson University Department of Chemistry, 309 Hunter Lab Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634
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Wang M, Cui BH, Sun SY, Yang S, Zhang L. Value of four protein tumor markers in colorectal cancer screening. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2017; 25:996-1001. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v25.i11.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the common malignant tumors worldwide and the fourth most common cancer in China. In recent years the incidence of CRC is still on the rise. It is of great significance to carry out effective screening for CRC with regard to improving prognosis and reducing mortality. Among many screening methods currently available, the detection of tumor markers in feces and serum is easy to operate, inexpensive, and noninvasive, thus becoming the focus of research. In view of the great significance of tumor marker detection for CRC screening, this article discusses the value of four protein tumor markers in CRC screening, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for their clinical use.
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Oh BY, Kim J, Lee WY, Kim HC. A New Size-based Platform for Circulating Tumor Cell Detection in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2017; 16:214-219. [PMID: 28209483 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might play a significant role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, the ability to detect CTCs is limited, especially in cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In this study, we evaluated a new size-based CTC detection platform and its clinical efficacy in colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Blood samples were obtained from 76 patients with colorectal cancer and 20 healthy control subjects for CTC analysis. CTCs were enriched using a high-density microporous chip filter and were detected using a 4-color staining protocol including 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for nucleated cells, CD45 monoclonal antibody (mAb) as a leukocyte marker, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) mAb or cytokeratin (CK) mAb as an epithelial cell marker. CTC positivity was defined as DAPI-positive (DAPI+)/CD45-/EpCAM+ or CK+ cells and clinical outcomes of patients were analyzed according to CTC counts. RESULTS CTCs were detected in 50 patients using this size-based filtration platform. CTC+ patients were more frequently identified with a high level of carcinoembryonic antigen and advanced stage cancer (P = .038 and P = .017, respectively). CTC counts for patients with stage IV cancer (12.47 ± 24.00) were significantly higher than those for patients with cancers that were stage I to III (2.84 ± 5.29; P = .005) and healthy control subjects (0.25 ± 0.55; P < .001). In addition, progression-free survival tended to be lower in CTC+ patients compared with CTC- patients (P = .092). In patients with stage I to III cancer, recurrence occurred only in CTC+ patients. CONCLUSION CTC positivity was found to correlate with clinical features of colorectal cancer patients. Our results suggest that this new size-based platform has potential for determining prognosis and therapeutic response in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Young Oh
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jhingook Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Yong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Hee Cheol Kim
- Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Najafi M, Abbaszadegan MR, Rad A, Dastpak M, Boroumand-Noughabi S, Forghanifard MM. Crosstalk between SHH and stemness state signaling pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Commun Signal 2016; 11:147-153. [PMID: 27905054 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-016-0366-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of GLI1 as a downstream gene of sonic hedgehog (Hh) pathway, studied in a variety of cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the interaction of Hh with other developmental pathways needs to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation of GLI1 expression with transcription factors (TFs) of stem cell signaling pathways, and their association with clinico-pathological data of ESCC. Using real-time PCR, we assessed the expression of GLI1 mRNA in 49 ESCC patients, and analyzed the correlation between GLI1 and selected TFs. The results showed overexpression of GLI1 in ESCC tissues in significant correlation with lymph node metastasis. The GLI1 up-regulation was also correlated to the SOX2 and SIZN1 (Smad-interacting zinc finger protein) expression. These correlations may confirmed the role of GLI1 in crosstalk among different cell signaling pathways in ESCC. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the correlation of GLI1 expression with stemness marker and BMP signaling in ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Najafi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan
- Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Rad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Mahtab Dastpak
- Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
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Biomarkers Discovery for Colorectal Cancer: A Review on Tumor Endothelial Markers as Perspective Candidates. DISEASE MARKERS 2016; 2016:4912405. [PMID: 27965519 PMCID: PMC5124654 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4912405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in the world. The early detection of CRC, during the promotion/progression stages, is an enormous challenge for a successful outcome and remains a fundamental problem in clinical approach. Despite the continuous advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic methods, there is a need for discovery of sensitive and specific, noninvasive biomarkers. Tumor endothelial markers (TEMs) are associated with tumor-specific angiogenesis and are potentially useful to discriminate between tumor and normal endothelium. The most promising TEMs for oncogenic signaling in CRC appeared to be the TEM1, TEM5, TEM7, and TEM8. Overexpression of TEMs especially TEM1, TEM7, and TEM8 in colorectal tumor tissue compared to healthy tissue suggests their role in tumor blood vessels formation. Thus TEMs appear to be perspective candidates for early detection, monitoring, and treatment of CRC patients. This review provides an update on recent data on tumor endothelial markers and their possible use as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis, and therapy of colorectal cancer patients.
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Przygodzka P, Papiewska-Pajak I, Bogusz H, Kryczka J, Sobierajska K, Kowalska MA, Boncela J. Neuromedin U is upregulated by Snail at early stages of EMT in HT29 colon cancer cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:2445-2453. [PMID: 27450890 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered a core process that facilitates the escape of cancer cells from the primary tumor site. The transcription factor Snail was identified as a key regulator of EMT; however, the cascade of regulatory events leading to metastasis remains unknown and new predictive markers of the process are awaited. METHODS Gene expressions were analysed using real-time PCR, protein level by Western immunoblotting and confocal imaging. The motility of the cells was examined using time-lapse microscopy. Affymetrix GeneChip Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 analysis was performed to identify transcriptomic changes upon Snail. Snail silencing was performed using siRNA nucleofection. NMU detection was performed by ELISA. RESULTS HT29 cells overexpressing Snail showed changed morphology, functions and transcriptomic profile indicating EMT induction. Changes in expression of 324 genes previously correlated with cell motility were observed. Neuromedin U was the second highest upregulated gene in HT29-Snail cells. This increase was validated by real-time PCR. Additionally elevated NMU protein was detected by ELISA in cell media. CONCLUSIONS These results show that Snail in HT29 cells regulates early phenotype conversion towards an intermediate epithelial state. We provided the first evidence that neuromedin U is associated with Snail regulatory function of metastatic induction in colon cancer cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We described the global, early transcriptomic changes induced through Snail in HT29 colon cancer cells and suggested NMU involvement in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Helena Bogusz
- Institute of Medical Biology, PAS, 106 Lodowa Street, 93232 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jakub Kryczka
- Institute of Medical Biology, PAS, 106 Lodowa Street, 93232 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sobierajska
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University, 6/8 Mazowiecka Street, 92215 Lodz, Poland.
| | - M Anna Kowalska
- Institute of Medical Biology, PAS, 106 Lodowa Street, 93232 Lodz, Poland; Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Joanna Boncela
- Institute of Medical Biology, PAS, 106 Lodowa Street, 93232 Lodz, Poland.
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The Trend of CEACAM3 Blood Expression as Number Index of the CTCs in the Colorectal Cancer Perioperative Course. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:931784. [PMID: 26556959 PMCID: PMC4628650 DOI: 10.1155/2015/931784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological stage seems to be the major determinant of postoperative prognosis of solid tumors, but additional prognostic determinants need to be better investigated. The most important tumor marker for colorectal cancer (CRC) is the cell-surface antigen, Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), and its assessment is considered a valuable index of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). In this paper, CEACAM3 evaluation was applied given its great specificity in the CRC. Whole blood from the basilic vein of 38 CRC patients was collected before and at various time intervals after the curative resection. Also, from 20 of them, we have obtained two additional intraoperative samples. CEACAM3 expression was evaluated in all the samples by RT-PCR. CEACAM3 duct values showed a decreasing trend from preoperative through early and later postoperative to 6th-month samples (p < 0.001). The average values of CEACAM3 were related to the cancer size (T stage) (p = 0.034) and WHO stage (p = 0.035). A significant effect of the baseline value of CEACAM3 dCt on the temporal trend has been observed (p < 0.001). In this study, we have demonstrated the CEACAM3 specificity and a perioperative trend of CTCs which is coherent with the clinical/pathological considerations and with previous experimental findings in different cancer types.
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SALL4 as a new biomarker for early colorectal cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2014; 141:229-35. [PMID: 25156818 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-014-1808-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death worldwide, and there is an urgent need to identify critical diagnostic and prognostic factors for early detection of the disease. Our aim in this study was to elucidate absolute copy number of SALL4 mRNA in the peripheral blood and serum of CRC patients to evaluate its probable prognostic or diagnostic value for CRC. METHODS Peripheral mononuclear cells from 111 cases were examined using absolute quantitative real-time RT-PCR to assess the exact copy number of SALL4 and CEA mRNA. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were also depicted to detect the sensitivity and specificity of SALL4 mRNA. RESULTS The blood copy number of SALL4 in recruited CRC patients was significantly higher than healthy controls (p = 0.0001). This high copy number was not only inversely associated with the depth of tumor invasion (p = 0.045), but also was significantly correlated with the high grade of tumor differentiation (p = 0.029) and sex (p = 0.027). Furthermore, the copy number of SALL4 was elevated in all examined serum samples (p = 0.0001) in significant association with high grade of tumor differentiation (p = 0.026) and patients' age (p = 0.012). ROC analysis indicated 96.1 and 95% sensitivity and specificity of SALL4 for CRC screening, respectively. CONCLUSION Early detection of CRC is directly correlated to improved outcomes, increased survival rates and reduced mortality. Our results can introduce SALL4 as a critical biomarker for efficient screening of patients to detect early stages of CRC.
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Oh BY, Kim KH, Chung SS, Hong KS, Lee RA. Role of β1-Integrin in Colorectal Cancer: Case-Control Study. Ann Coloproctol 2014; 30:61-70. [PMID: 24851215 PMCID: PMC4022754 DOI: 10.3393/ac.2014.30.2.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the metastatic process, interactions between circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the extracellular matrix or surrounding cells are required. β1-Integrin may mediate these interactions. The aim of this study was to investigate whether β1-integrin is associated with the detection of CTCs in colorectal cancer. Methods We enrolled 30 patients with colorectal cancer (experimental group) and 30 patients with benign diseases (control group). Blood samples were obtained from each group, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA for CTCs marker and β1-integrin mRNA levels were estimated by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and the results were compared between the two groups. In the experimental group, preoperative results were compared with postoperative results for each marker. In addition, we analyzed the correlation between the expressions of β1-integrin and CEA. Results CEA mRNA was detected more frequently in colorectal cancer patients than in control patients (P = 0.008). CEA mRNA was significantly reduced after surgery in the colorectal cancer patients (P = 0.032). β1-Integrin mRNA was detected more in colorectal cancer patients than in the patients with benign diseases (P < 0.001). In colorectal cancer patients, expression of β1-integrin mRNA was detected more for advanced-stage cancer than for early-stage cancer (P = 0.033) and was significantly decreased after surgery (P < 0.001). In addition, expression of β1-integrin mRNA was significantly associated with that of CEA mRNA in colorectal cancer patients (P = 0.001). Conclusion In conclusion, β1-integrin is a potential factor for forming a prognosis following surgical resection in colorectal cancer patients. β1-Integrin may be a candidate for use as a marker for early detection of micrometastatic tumor cells and for monitoring the therapeutic response in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Young Oh
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Sup Chung
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sook Hong
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ryung-Ah Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Raeisossadati R, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M, Tavassoli A, Kihara AH, Forghanifard MM. Aberrant expression of DPPA2 and HIWI genes in colorectal cancer and their impacts on poor prognosis. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:5299-305. [PMID: 24532429 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-1690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have countless behaviors of pluripotent embryonic stem cells and germ line cells, such as unlimited proliferation, self-renewal, and migration. Expression of specific germ line and embryonic genes in tumor cells may be associated with indefinite growth and invasiveness of such cells. Developmental pluripotency factor 2 (DPPA2) and HIWI are two important developmental genes which are involved in embryonic and germ line stem cell properties. Deciphering the role of these genes seems to be necessary for understanding cancer initiation and progression. Tumoral and normal tissues from 46 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients were subjected to gene expression analysis using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, prior to any therapeutic intervention. Overexpression of DPPA2 and HIWI was detected in 26.1 and 34.8 % of specimens, respectively. Significant correlation between DPPA2 overexpression and lymph node metastasis of the tumor cells (P=0.049) was seen in the samples with advanced stages (III/IV) of the tumor development. HIWI mRNA expression was significantly associated to the depth of tumor invasion (P=0.020) and the stage of tumorigenesis progression (P=0.030). In samples with overexpression of at least one gene, DPPA2 mRNA expression was significantly correlated to the stage of tumor (P=0.017). In the same samples, a significant correlation was observed between mRNA expression of HIWI and the stage of tumor cells (P=0.034). These results documented the important role of HIWI and DPPA2 in tumorigenesis and also in lymph node metastasis of tumor cells. Further evaluation is required to uncover the detailed role of HIWI and DPPA2 and their interactions in tumorigenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Raeisossadati
- Division of Human Genetics, Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Zhai XH, Yu JK, Yang FQ, Zheng S. Identification of a new protein biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis. Mol Med Rep 2012; 6:444-8. [PMID: 22614045 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common cancers, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health issue worldwide. Thus, the identification of novel biomarkers to aid in the early diagnosis of CRC is crucial. The aim of the present study was to identify a novel protein biomarker for CRC, and to identify its structure. In this study, a total of 99 serum samples from 73 CRC patients and 26 healthy controls were collected and analyzed by SELDI-TOF-MS. The biomarkers were separated using HPLC and detected with MALDI-TOF-MS. The qualified peaks were ranked by p-value of non-parametric tests and the top 10 peaks displaying significant differences were selected. Among the 10 protein biomarkers, the concentration of a 3.9‑kDa protein in the serum of the CRC patients was much lower than that in the healthy controls. Therefore, the 3.9‑kDa protein was selected as a biomarker for CRC and its separation and purification were performed. The structure of the 3.9-kDa protein biomarker was determined by LC-MS/MS, and was confirmed to be a fragment of serine/theonine kinase 4 (MST1/STK4). The 3.9‑kDa protein biomarker had high sensitivity and specificity for CRC, and its potential clinical application warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hui Zhai
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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