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Laurie BD, Teoh MMK, Noches-Garcia A, Nyandoro MG. Colonoscopy follow-up for acute diverticulitis: a multi-centre review. Surg Endosc 2023; 37:1756-1760. [PMID: 36220990 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-022-09671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the value of routine colonoscopy, post-computed tomography (CT) confirmed diverticulitis. The current practice is to scope patients 6-8 weeks post an episode of acute diverticulitis. We hypothesise that this practice has a relatively low value. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients presenting acute diverticulitis n = 1680 (uncomplicated = 1005, complicated = 675) between January 2017 and July 2019 at three tertiary hospitals in Perth. The National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) positive cases were the reference group (n = 1800). Data were analysed using SPSS v.27. RESULTS One thousand two hundred seventy-two patients had a subsequent colonoscopy during the follow-up period, of which 24% (n = 306) were uncomplicated diverticulitis, 34% (n = 432) complicated diverticulitis, and 42% (n = 534) as the reference cohort. Patient demographics were similar between centres and subgroups. Incidence of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) was n = 3 (1.0%), n = 9 (2.1%), and n = 10 (1.9%) for uncomplicated diverticulitis, complicated diverticulitis, and NBCSP, respectively (p = 0.50). Subgroup analysis by age revealed a statistically significant higher rate of negative colonoscopy in uncomplicated diverticulitis patients aged over 50. CONCLUSION Routine colonoscopy for patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis is not a cost-effective strategy for colorectal cancer screening patients over 50 years. These patients should participate in the NBCSP with biennial FOBT instead. We suggest continuing routine endoscopic evaluation for patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis under 50 years and all patients admitted with complicated diverticulitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brodie D Laurie
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Mary M K Teoh
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | | | - Munyaradzi G Nyandoro
- Rockingham General Hospital, Cooloongup, WA, 6168, Australia.,Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
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2
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Abstract
PURPOSE Recent evidence suggests routine colonoscopy after acute diverticulitis is not necessary but remains debatable. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of follow-up colonoscopic finding of adenoma, advanced neoplastic lesion, and adenocarcinoma after diverticulitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of all cases of acute diverticulitis admitted from November 2015 to April 2018 was performed. Data collected included demographics, computed tomography (CT) findings, and findings of the follow-up colonoscopy within 12 months. RESULTS A total of 368 patients were admitted for acute diverticulitis. A total of 366 patients underwent CT scan for diagnosis. Of whom, 185 patients (50.5%) had a follow-up colonoscopy; 115 (31.4%) did not have a follow-up colonoscopy, and the remaining have had a recent colonoscopy. The overall incidence of adenomas was 25.9% (n=48) and advanced colonic neoplasia 1.62% (n=3) in patients who underwent follow-up colonoscopy. CONCLUSIONS The finding of advanced colonic neoplasia in follow-up colonoscopy after an acute episode of CT-proven diverticulitis is equivalent to, or less than, that of the population colorectal cancer screening program. Routine colonoscopy is not necessary unless there are other concerning symptoms/CT findings.
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3
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Studniarek A, Kochar K, Warner C, Eftaiha S, Naffouj S, Borsuk DJ, Mellgren A, Park JJ, Cintron J, Harrison J. Findings on Colonoscopy after Diverticulitis: A Multicenter Review. Am Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/000313481908501233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Diverticular disease is a common problem where patients with diverticulosis have a 1–4 per cent risk of acute diverticulitis. Current guidelines recommend a colonoscopy after.the resolution of acute diverticulitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of significant findings on colonoscopy after an episode of diverticulitis. This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent colonoscopy after an episode of diverticulitis between November 2005 and August 2017 at three major teaching hospitals. Advanced adenomas were defined as adenomas ≥1 cm, serrated adenomas, and tubulovillous or villous adenomas. A total of 584 patients (298 males; 51%) underwent colonoscopy for a history of diverticulitis after resolution of acute symptoms. Colonoscopy was complete in 488 patients (84%). Among these 488 patients, 446 had diverticular disease, 31 had advanced adenomas, and four had adenocarcinomas. Colonoscopies were incomplete in 96 patients (16%). Forty-six of those patients underwent surgery. The overall incidence of advanced adenomas and adenocarcinomas was 32 (5.4%) and nine (1.5%), respectively. In our study, the prevalence of advanced adenomas and adenocarcinomas was relatively high compared with the average risk individuals. Our findings support that patients after an episode of diverticulitis should continue to get a colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Studniarek
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kunal Kochar
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois
| | - Christina Warner
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Saleh Eftaiha
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sandra Naffouj
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Daniel J. Borsuk
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois
- Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and
| | - Anders Mellgren
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John J. Park
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Advocate Lutheran General Hospital, Park Ridge, Illinois
| | - Jose Cintron
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jacqueline Harrison
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois
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4
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Rottier SJ, van Dijk ST, van Geloven AAW, Schreurs WH, Draaisma WA, van Enst WA, Puylaert JBCM, de Boer MGJ, Klarenbeek BR, Otte JA, Felt RJF, Boermeester MA. Meta-analysis of the role of colonoscopy after an episode of left-sided acute diverticulitis. Br J Surg 2020; 106:988-997. [PMID: 31260589 PMCID: PMC6618242 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Routine colonoscopy was traditionally recommended after acute diverticulitis to exclude coexistent malignancy. Improved CT imaging may make routine colonoscopy less required over time but most guidelines still recommend it. The aim of this review was to assess the role of colonoscopy in patients with CT‐proven acute diverticulitis. Methods PubMed and Embase were searched for studies reporting the prevalence of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) or colorectal carcinoma in patients who underwent colonoscopy within 1 year after CT‐proven left‐sided acute diverticulitis. The prevalence was pooled using a random‐effects model and, if possible, compared with that among asymptomatic controls. Results Seventeen studies with 3296 patients were included. The pooled prevalence of ACN was 6·9 (95 per cent c.i. 5·0 to 9·4) per cent and that of colorectal carcinoma was 2·1 (1·5 to 3·1) per cent. Only two studies reported a comparison with asymptomatic controls, showing comparable risks (risk ratio 1·80, 95 per cent c.i. 0·66 to 4·96). In subgroup analysis of patients with uncomplicated acute diverticulitis, the prevalence of colorectal carcinoma was only 0·5 (0·2 to 1·2) per cent. Conclusion Routine colonoscopy may be omitted in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis if CT imaging is otherwise clear. Patients with complicated disease or ongoing symptoms should undergo colonoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Rottier
- Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands.,Departments of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Tergooi Hospital, Hilversum, the Netherlands
| | - S T van Dijk
- Departments of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - W H Schreurs
- Department of Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - W A Draaisma
- Department of Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's-Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - W A van Enst
- Knowledge Institute of Medical Specialists, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - M G J de Boer
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - B R Klarenbeek
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - J A Otte
- Department of Internal Medicine, ZorgSaam Hospital, Terneuzen, the Netherlands
| | - R J F Felt
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M A Boermeester
- Departments of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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5
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Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Acute Diverticulitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 17:1448-1456.e17. [PMID: 30056181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2018.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of colorectal cancer in patients with acute diverticulitis. METHODS We searched MEDLINE from inception through November 2nd, 2017 for studies reporting the prevalence of colorectal cancer in patients with diverticulitis, identified based on the protocol CRD42017083272. This systematic review was conducted in accordance to the MOOSE guidelines. Pooled prevalence values were obtained by random effects models and robustness was tested by leave-one out sensitivity analyses. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Q-test and quantified based on I2 value. The critical appraisal of included studies was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Our final analysis included 31 studies, comprising 50,445 patients. The pooled prevalence of colorectal cancer was 1.9% (95% CI, 1.5%-2.3%). Patients with complicated diverticulitis had a significantly higher risk for colorectal cancer (prevalence, 7.9%; 95% CI, 3.9%-15.3%) than patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis (prevalence, 1.3%; 95% CI, 0.1%-2%), corresponding to a pooled prevalence ratio of 6.7 (95% CI, 2.5-18.3). Subgroup analyses did not find significant difference in prevalence when separately pooling studies according to ranking on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, geographical location or length of follow-up. Meta-regression did not find any association between age and colorectal cancer. Among patients who underwent endoscopy, the pooled prevalence of polyps was 22.7% (95% CI, 19.6%-26.0%), of advanced adenomas was 4.4% (95% CI, 3.4%-5.8%), of adenomas was 14.2% (95% CI, 11.7%-17.1%), and of hyperplastic polyps was 9.2% (95% CI, 7.6%-11.2%). CONCLUSION In a meta-analysis of observational studies of patients with acute diverticulitis, we found the pooled prevalence of colorectal cancer to be 1.9%. The risk of colorectal cancer was significantly higher in patients with complicated diverticulitis than in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis.
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Dumic I, Nordin T, Jecmenica M, Stojkovic Lalosevic M, Milosavljevic T, Milovanovic T. Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders in Older Age. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019; 2019:6757524. [PMID: 30792972 PMCID: PMC6354172 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6757524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering an increase in the life expectancy leading to a rise in the elderly population, it is important to recognize the changes that occur along the process of aging. Gastrointestinal (GI) changes in the elderly are common, and despite some GI disorders being more prevalent in the elderly, there is no GI disease that is limited to this age group. While some changes associated with aging GI system are physiologic, others are pathological and particularly more prevalent among those above age 65 years. This article reviews the most important GI disorders in the elderly that clinicians encounter on a daily basis. We highlight age-related changes of the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large bowels, and the clinical implications of these changes. We review epidemiology and pathophysiology of common diseases, especially as they relate to clinical manifestation in elderly. Details regarding management of specific disease are discussed in detail if they significantly differ from the management for younger groups or if they are associated with significant challenges due to side effects or polypharmacy. Cancers of GI tract are not included in the scope of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Dumic
- 1Division of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA
- 2Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Terri Nordin
- 2Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Sciences, Rochester, MN, USA
- 3Department of Family Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire WI, USA
| | - Mladen Jecmenica
- 4Gastroenterology Fellowship Program, The Wright Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, USA
| | | | - Tomica Milosavljevic
- 5Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- 6School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Milovanovic
- 5Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
- 6School of Medicine, Belgrade University, Belgrade, Serbia
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7
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Lanas A, Abad-Baroja D, Lanas-Gimeno A. Progress and challenges in the management of diverticular disease: which treatment? Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2018; 11:1756284818789055. [PMID: 30046356 PMCID: PMC6056793 DOI: 10.1177/1756284818789055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverticular disease of the colon (DDC) includes a spectrum of conditions from asymptomatic diverticulosis to symptomatic uncomplicated diverticulosis, segmental colitis associated with diverticulosis, and acute diverticulitis without or with complications that may have serious consequences. Clinical and scientific interest in DDC is increasing because of the rising incidence of all conditions within the DDC spectrum, a better, although still limited understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms involved; the increasing socioeconomic burden; and the new therapeutic options being tested. The goals of treatment in DDC are symptom and inflammation relief and preventing disease progression or recurrence. The basis for preventing disease progression remains a high-fiber diet and physical exercise, although evidence is poor. Other current strategies do not meet expectations or lack a solid mechanistic foundation; these strategies include modulation of gut microbiota or dysbiosis with rifaximin or probiotics, or using mesalazine for low-grade inflammation in uncomplicated symptomatic diverticulosis. Most acute diverticulitis is uncomplicated, and the trend is to avoid hospitalization and unnecessary antibiotic therapy, but patients with comorbidities, sepsis, or immunodeficiency should receive broad spectrum and appropriate antibiotics. Complicated acute diverticulitis may require interventional radiology or surgery, although the best surgical approach (open versus laparoscopic) remains a matter of discussion. Prevention of acute diverticulitis recurrence remains undefined, as do therapeutic strategies. Mesalazine with or without probiotics has failed to prevent diverticulitis recurrence, whereas new studies are needed to validate preliminary positive results with rifaximin. Surgery is another option, but the number of acute events cannot guide this indication. We need to identify risk factors and disease progression or recurrence mechanisms to implement appropriate preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Lanas
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Clínico
Universitario Lozano Blesa, C/ San Juan Bosco 15, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
University of Zaragoza. IIS Aragón. CIBERehs
| | - Daniel Abad-Baroja
- Servicio de Aparato Digestivo University Clinic
Hospital Lozano Blesa, Spain
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8
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Grahnat CJ, Hérard S, Ackzell A, Andersson RE. High Probability of an Underlying Colorectal Cancer Among Patients Treated for Acute Diverticulitis. A Population-Based Cohort Follow-Up Study. World J Surg 2017; 40:2283-8. [PMID: 26956904 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-016-3480-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients treated conservatively for acute diverticulitis (AD) are recommended colonic assessment to rule out an underlying Colorectal cancer (CRC). This has been questioned in patients with a CT diagnosis of uncomplicated AD. We analyzed the frequency of CRC and compared the characteristics of the CRC patients with controls. METHOD A cohort of patients treated conservatively for AD during 2005-2011 was identified through an administrative database. Patients diagnosed with CRC within 1 year after the index admission and four randomly selected controls were identified. The patients' files were reviewed to verify the diagnosis and obtain information about the clinical characteristics and the management. A blinded review was performed of CT examinations. The expected number of CRC was calculated from age, sex, and period-specific incidence data. The characteristics of the CRC patients were compared with the controls in a nested case-control study. RESULTS 890 patients (298 men and 592 women) were treated conservatively for AD. 12 patients were diagnosed with CRC within 1 year, and ten of them in the sigmoid, giving a Standardized Incidence Ratio of 20.0 (95 % CI 10.2-35.7, p<0.001) for sigmoidal cancer. All CRC patients were aged over 70 years. The cancer was missed in six CT scans at the primary reading and in five at the blinded review. CONCLUSION Patients conservatively treated for AD are at high risk for an underlying CRC, especially if older than 70 years, which motivates routine follow-up. A CT diagnosis of uncomplicated AD does not rule out CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sebastian Hérard
- Department of Radiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Annicka Ackzell
- Department of Radiology, County Hospital Ryhov, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Roland E Andersson
- Department of Surgery County Hospital Ryhov, 551 85, Jönköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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9
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Zaman S, Chapman W, Mohammed I, Gill K, Ward ST. Patients with computed tomography-proven acute diverticulitis require follow-up to exclude colorectal cancer. Intest Res 2017; 15:195-202. [PMID: 28522949 PMCID: PMC5430011 DOI: 10.5217/ir.2017.15.2.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Traditionally, patients with acute diverticulitis undergo follow-up endoscopy to exclude colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its usefulness has been debated in this era of high-resolution computed tomography (CT) diagnosis. We assessed the frequency and outcome of endoscopic follow-up for patients with CT-proven acute diverticulitis, according to the confidence in the CT diagnosis. METHODS Records of patients with CT-proven acute diverticulitis between October 2007 and March 2014 at Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust were retrieved. The National Cancer Registry confirmed the cases of CRC. Endoscopy quality indicators were compared between these patients and other patients undergoing the same endoscopic examination over the same period. RESULTS We identified 235 patients with CT-proven acute diverticulitis, of which, 187 were managed conservatively. The CT report was confident of the diagnosis of acute diverticulitis in 75% cases. Five of the 235 patients were subsequently diagnosed with CRC (2.1%). Three cases of CRC were detected in the 187 patients managed conservatively (1.6%). Forty-eight percent of the conservatively managed patients underwent follow-up endoscopy; one case of CRC was identified. Endoscopies were often incomplete and caused more discomfort for patients with diverticulitis compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS CRC was diagnosed in patients with CT-proven diverticulitis at a higher rate than in screened asymptomatic populations, necessitating follow-up. CT reports contained statements regarding diagnostic uncertainty in 25% cases, associated with an increased risk of CRC. Follow-up endoscopy in patients with CT-proven diverticulitis is associated with increased discomfort and high rates of incompletion. The use of other follow-up modalities should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shafquat Zaman
- Department of General Surgery, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich, UK
| | - Warren Chapman
- Nurse Consultant and Clinical Lead for Endoscopy at City Hospital Endoscopy Unit, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham City Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Imtiyaz Mohammed
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich, UK
| | - Kathryn Gill
- Department of General Surgery, Sandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Sandwell General Hospital, West Bromwich, UK
| | - Stephen Thomas Ward
- Department of General Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry & Warwickshire NHS Trust, Walsgrave, UK
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10
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Disbrow M, Foxx-Orenstein A, Agrwal N. Utility of Colonoscopy to Exclude Underlying Malignant Polyps After Resolution of Uncomplicated Diverticulitis. J Osteopath Med 2016; 115:720-3. [PMID: 26618817 DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2015.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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11
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Horesh N, Saeed Y, Horesh H, Berger Y, Speter C, Pery R, Rosin D, Gutman M, Zmora O. Colonoscopy after the first episode of acute diverticulitis: challenging management paradigms. Tech Coloproctol 2016; 20:383-387. [PMID: 27170283 DOI: 10.1007/s10151-016-1478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is commonly recommended after the first episode of acute diverticulitis to exclude colorectal neoplasia. Recent data have challenged this paradigm due to insufficient diagnostic yield. The aim of this study was to assess whether colonoscopy after the first episode of acute diverticulitis is needed to exclude colorectal neoplasia. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of medical records of patients admitted for the first episode of acute diverticulitis between January 2008 and December 2012. Ambulatory colonoscopy was routinely recommended at discharge. Clinical follow-up and telephone surveys were used for data collection. RESULTS Four hundred and twenty-five patients with a mean age of 62.6 years (range 21-98 years) were admitted during the 5-year period. Three hundred and ten (72.9 %) patients underwent colonoscopy at median time of 3.2 months after discharge. Five patients (1.6 %) of the 310 available for evaluation had malignant findings in colonoscopy. Of those, one patient had rectal carcinoma away from the inflamed site and one had colonic lymphoma. None of the 95 patients <50 years of age was found to have adenocarcinoma of the colon. CONCLUSIONS Cancer is rarely detected in colonoscopy following the first episode of acute diverticulitis. These results question this indication for colonoscopy, especially in patients under 50.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Horesh
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Y Saeed
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - H Horesh
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Y Berger
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - C Speter
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - R Pery
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - D Rosin
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - M Gutman
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - O Zmora
- Department of Surgery and Transplantations B, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Affiliated to the Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University), 52621, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
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12
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What is the Risk of Colorectal Cancer After an Episode of Acute Diverticulitis in Conservatively Treated Patients? J Clin Gastroenterol 2016; 50:e35-9. [PMID: 26125459 DOI: 10.1097/mcg.0000000000000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
GOALS The goal is to find the risk of colorectal cancer after an episode of acute diverticulitis in conservatively treated patients. Secondly, to determine the benefit of colonoscopy in these patients. BACKGROUND In the Netherlands, it is a common practice to routinely perform a colonoscopy after an episode of conservatively treated diverticulitis to exclude a malignancy. Yet according to the Dutch guidelines, these patients should not undergo a colonoscopy on a routine basis. The aim of this study is to determine the benefit of a colonoscopy in patients who have been treated for diverticulitis conservatively. STUDY This retrospective study includes patients who were diagnosed with acute diverticulitis (Hinchey 0 and I) and were treated conservatively, with or without antibiotics. Only patients who underwent colonoscopy were included for analysis. In addition, the outcome (yes or no colorectal cancer) of colonoscopy was analyzed according to patients' presentation of alarm symptoms for colorectal cancer. RESULTS Between January 2008 and June 2013, 977 patients were treated conservatively for an episode of acute diverticulitis. Of those, 645 underwent colonoscopy during follow-up. Alarm symptoms for colorectal cancer were present in 205 patients. Nine of them were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (4.4%) versus 1 patient (0.2%, P=0.0002) in the group without alarm symptoms (N=440). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms that routine colonoscopy is not indicated after acute diverticulitis which has been treated conservatively in a large series. Only in case of alarm symptoms a colonoscopy is mandatory, but even then the actual finding of a colorectal cancer is rare.
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13
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Gargallo Puyuelo CJ, Sopeña F, Lanas Arbeloa A. Colonic diverticular disease. Treatment and prevention. GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2015; 38:590-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Ou G, Rosenfeld G, Brown J, Chan N, Hong T, Lim H, Bressler B. Colonoscopy after CT-diagnosed acute diverticulitis: Is it really necessary? Can J Surg 2015; 58:226-31. [PMID: 26022155 DOI: 10.1503/cjs.014514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly used to diagnose acute diverticulitis, but there are overlapping features between diverticulitis and colorectal cancer (CRC) on imaging studies. Hence, colonoscopy is typically recommended after an episode of acute diverticulitis to rule out underlying malignancy. Currently, 64-slice multidetector CT scanners are capable of providing higher-resolution images and may be able to distinguish malignancy from diverticular inflammation. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CRC among patients with CT-diagnosed acute diverticulitis. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of patients with acute diverticulitis diagnosed on CT scan between December 2005 and December 2010 at St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC. Nonresidents were excluded. We reviewed CT scan reports that included the term "diverticulitis," reports of follow-up colonic evaluation within 1 year of diagnosis and pathology results. We queried the provincial cancer registry to ensure no cases of CRC were missed. RESULTS A total of 293 patients had acute diverticulitis diagnosed on CT scan, but 8 were nonresidents and were excluded. Of the 285 included in the analysis, the mean age was 59.4 ± 15.1 years, and 167 (58.6%) were men. Among the 114 patients who underwent follow-up evaluation, malignancy was diagnosed in 4 (3.5%). The overall prevalence of malignancy among patients with CT-diagnosed diverticulitis was 1.4%. CONCLUSION Routine endoscopic evaluation after an episode of diverticulitis diagnosed with high-resolution CT scan does not appear to be necessary. Selective approach in patients with protracted clinical course or those with mass lesion/obstruction on CT scan may be of benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Ou
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Greg Rosenfeld
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Jacqueline Brown
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Nathan Chan
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Thomas Hong
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Howard Lim
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
| | - Brian Bressler
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology (Ou, Rosenfield, Bressler) and the Department of Radiology (Brown), St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC; the Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Chan); the Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta (Hong); and the Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC (Lim)
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15
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Meyer J, Thomopoulos T, Usel M, Gjika E, Bouchardy C, Morel P, Ris F. The incidence of colon cancer among patients diagnosed with left colonic or sigmoid acute diverticulitis is higher than in the general population. Surg Endosc 2015; 29:3331-7. [PMID: 25631117 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the low incidence of colon cancer after an initial episode of colonic diverticulitis in some categories of patients, some authors suggested to exempt them from colonoscopy. However, this incidence has never been compared to that of a reference population, and predictors of cancer are still poorly investigated. We aimed to determine the 1-year incidence of colon cancer at the site of diverticulitis in patients diagnosed with left colonic or sigmoid acute diverticulitis, to compare this incidence to a reference population to state whether endoscopy is required or not, and to identify predicting factors of cancer to better target subpopulations needing that examination. METHODS All patients admitted at the University Hospitals of Geneva for left colonic or sigmoid acute diverticulitis were included. Patients with a previous history of colon cancer or non-available for follow-up were excluded. Demographic data, haemoglobin values, and the Hinchey score were documented. This cohort was matched with the Geneva Cancer Registry to look for cancer occurrence at the site of diverticulitis within 1 year. Predictors of cancer were assessed using univariate logistic regression and the risk of cancer by comparing observed cases to a reference population using standardized incidence ratios. RESULTS The final cohort included 506 patients. Eleven (2.2 %) had a diagnosis of cancer at the site of diverticulitis within 1 year. The mean age was significantly different between patients with cancer and others. No predictor of cancer could be identified, except a trend for an increased risk with advancing age (p = 0.067). The standardized incidence ratios showed a 44-fold increased risk of cancer among the cohort compared to the reference population. CONCLUSIONS Colonoscopy should be continued after an initial diagnosis of left colonic or sigmoid acute diverticulitis, irrespective of the clinical or radiological presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Meyer
- Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Theodoros Thomopoulos
- Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Massimo Usel
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Boulevard de la Cluse 55, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Ergys Gjika
- Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Christine Bouchardy
- Geneva Cancer Registry, Global Health Institute, University of Geneva, Boulevard de la Cluse 55, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Philippe Morel
- Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
| | - Frédéric Ris
- Clinic for Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Geneva, Rue Gabrielle-Perret-Gentil 4, 1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland.
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16
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Daniels L, Ünlü Ç, de Wijkerslooth TR, Stockmann HB, Kuipers EJ, Boermeester MA, Dekker E. Yield of colonoscopy after recent CT-proven uncomplicated acute diverticulitis: a comparative cohort study. Surg Endosc 2014; 29:2605-13. [PMID: 25472747 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3977-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines recommend routine follow-up colonoscopy after acute diverticulitis to confirm the diagnosis and exclude malignancy. Its value, however, has recently been questioned because of contradictory study results. Our objective was to compare the colonoscopic detection rate of advanced colonic neoplasia (ACN), comprising colorectal cancer (CRC) and advanced adenoma (AA), in patients after a CT-proven primary episode of uncomplicated acute diverticulitis with average risk participants in a primary colonoscopy CRC screening program. METHODS A retrospective comparison was performed of prospectively collected data from cohorts derived from two multicenter randomized clinical trials executed in the Netherlands between 2009 and 2013. 401 uncomplicated diverticulitis patients and 1,426 CRC screening participants underwent colonic evaluation by colonoscopy. Main outcome was the diagnostic yield for ACN, calculated as number of diverticulitis patients and screening participants with ACN relative to their totals, with differences expressed as odds ratios (OR). The histopathology outcome of removed lesions during colonoscopy was used as definitive diagnosis. RESULTS AA detection was similar [5.5 vs. 8.7%; OR 0.62 (95% CI 0.38-1.01); P = 0.053]. CRC was detected in 1.2% (5/401) of diverticulitis patients versus 0.6% (9/1,426) of screening participants [OR 1.30 (95% CI 0.39-4.36); P = 0.673]. ACN was diagnosed in 6.7% (27/401) of diverticulitis patients versus 9.1% (130/1,426) of screening participants [OR 0.71 (95% CI 0.45-1.11); P = 0.134]. ORs were adjusted for age, family history of CRC, smoking, BMI, and cecal intubation rate. CONCLUSIONS ACN detection does not differ significantly between patients with recent uncomplicated diverticulitis and average risk screening participants. Routine follow-up colonoscopy after primary CT-proven uncomplicated left-sided acute diverticulitis can be omitted; these patients can participate in CRC screening programs. Follow-up colonoscopy may be beneficial when targeted at high-risk patients, but such an approach first needs prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidewine Daniels
- Department of Surgery - G4, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
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17
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Is It Time to Change Practice of Routine Colonoscopy After Acute Diverticulitis? Ann Surg 2014; 262:e92. [PMID: 25371116 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Alexandersson BT, Hreinsson JP, Stefansson T, Jonasson JG, Bjornsson ES. The risk of colorectal cancer after an attack of uncomplicated diverticulitis. Scand J Gastroenterol 2014; 49:576-80. [PMID: 24621325 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2014.886717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to clinical guidelines, a colonoscopy is recommended after an attack of diverticulitis in order to exclude colorectal cancer (CRC). This is based on studies prior to the use of computerized tomography (CT) for confirmation of the diagnosis. We aimed to investigate the findings of a subsequent colonoscopy after an attack of uncomplicated diverticulitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study cohort consisted of all patients with the diagnosis of uncomplicated diverticulitis, who underwent a subsequent colonoscopy 6-8 weeks later during a 6-years period in the National University Hospital of Iceland. The diagnosis of diverticulitis was based on clinical symptoms verified with a CT of the abdomen. Relevant clinical information was obtained from medical records and from the Icelandic Cancer Registry. RESULTS A total of 282 patients had uncomplicated diverticulitis and 199 patients underwent endoscopy. Two patients had CRC (0.7%), diagnosed with diverticulitis but did not recover clinically. All other patients recovered clinically. Colonic polyps were found in 33 of 195 (17%) cases. In 19/33 (58%) cases the histology demonstrated hyperplastic polyps, and in 13/33 (39%) adenoma with mild dysplasia. Only 1/33 (3%) of the colonic polyps were >1 cm in size. CONCLUSIONS Among patients experiencing an attack of uncomplicated diverticulitis the frequency of CRC was equal to what might be expected compared to the average risk in the population. In these patients a routine colonoscopy in the absence of other clinical signs of CRC seems hardly necessary, if the clinical course is uneventful and the patient recovers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarki T Alexandersson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The National University Hospital , Reykjavik , Iceland
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19
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Abstract
Diverticulosis and its major complications, diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding, are increasingly common indications for hospitalization and outpatient visits. Recent publications in the field of diverticular disease have challenged long-standing disease concepts and management strategies. This article will highlight studies which have helped to clarify the contribution of genetic factors, fiber consumption and medication use to the development of diverticular disease, the role of antibiotics in the treatment of acute diverticulitis, and the association between diverticulitis, irritable bowel syndrome, and colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam W Templeton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
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20
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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of routine colonic evaluation after radiologically confirmed acute diverticulitis. Ann Surg 2014; 259:263-72. [PMID: 24169174 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the yield of colorectal cancer at routine colonic evaluation after radiologically proven acute diverticulitis. BACKGROUND Acute diverticulitis accounts for 152,000 hospitalizations in the United States alone. Current guidelines recommend routine colonic evaluation after acute diverticulitis to confirm the diagnosis and exclude malignancy. However, research suggests that the yield of colorectal cancer after computed tomography-proven uncomplicated diverticulitis may be low. In the era of widespread computed tomographic scanning for diverticulitis, routine colonic evaluation after diverticulitis may represent a nonessential burden on health care resources. METHODS The PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, BIREME, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched. Original studies of colonic evaluation after proven acute diverticulitis were included. Meta-analysis of data from included studies was performed using a DerSimonian Laird random effect proportion analysis. RESULTS Eleven studies from 7 countries were included in the analysis. Out of a pooled population of 1970 patients, cancer was found in 22. The pooled proportional estimate of malignancy was 1.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9%-2.8%). Of the 1497 patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis, cancer was found in 5 (proportional estimate of risk 0.7%; CI, 0.3%-1.4%). Of the 79 patients with complicated disease, cancer was found in 6 (proportion estimate of risk 10.8%; CI, 5.2%-21.0%). CONCLUSIONS The risk of malignancy after a radiologically proven episode of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis is low. In the absence of other indications, routine colonoscopy may not be necessary. Patients with complicated diverticulitis still have a significant risk of colorectal cancer at subsequent colonic evaluation.
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21
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Routine colonoscopy after left-sided acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: a systematic review. Gastrointest Endosc 2014; 79:378-89; quiz 498-498.e5. [PMID: 24434085 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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de Vries HS, Boerma D, Timmer R, van Ramshorst B, Dieleman LA, van Westreenen HL. Routine colonoscopy is not required in uncomplicated diverticulitis: a systematic review. Surg Endosc 2014; 28:2039-47. [PMID: 24488358 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-014-3447-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is generally accepted that patients following an episode of diverticulitis should have additional colonoscopy screening to rule out a colorectal malignancy. We aimed to investigate the rate of CRC found by colonoscopy after an attack of uncomplicated diverticulitis. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched systematically for clinical trials or observational studies on colonic evaluation by colonoscopy after the initial diagnosis of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis, followed by hand-searching of reference lists. RESULTS Nine studies met the inclusion criteria and included a total number of 2,490 patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis. Subsequent colonoscopy after an episode of uncomplicated diverticulitis was performed in 1,468 patients (59%). Seventeen patients were diagnosed with CRC, having a prevalence of 1.16% (95% confidence interval 0.72-1.9% for CRC). Hyperplastic polyps were seen in 156 patients (10.6%), low-grade adenoma in 90 patients (6.1%), and advanced adenoma was reported in 32 patients (2.2%). CONCLUSION Unless colonoscopy is regarded for screening in individuals aged 50 years and older, routine colonoscopy in the absence of other clinical signs of CRC is not required.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S de Vries
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands,
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23
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Schout PJC, Spillenaar Bilgen EJ, Groenen MJM. Routine screening for colon cancer after conservative treatment of diverticulitis. Dig Surg 2012; 29:408-11. [PMID: 23171930 DOI: 10.1159/000345332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS It is generally advised to perform colonoscopy after conservatively treated diverticulitis because colon cancer may present itself with similar symptoms, laboratory and radiological results. With this study we investigated in what percentage of patients a malignancy was found by performing routine colonoscopy or radiologic imaging after a conservatively treated episode of diverticulitis, and whether this follow-up programme could be reserved for a selected group of patients. METHODS In our hospital, routine colonoscopy or, as a second choice, radiologic imaging has been standard practice over the last decade. We collected all colonoscopy and radiologic imaging results that were conducted of all 516 patients who were diagnosed with diverticulitis in this period. RESULTS Of those 516 patients, 378 had undergone colonoscopy, 45 radiologic imaging and 93 did not undergo any additional investigation. Eight cases of malignant neoplasia were found in those patients (2.1%), and an additional number of 40 adenomatous polyps (9.5%). Six out of 8 patients with colon cancer reported rectal blood loss, significant weight loss or persisting abdominal pain after being treated for diverticulitis. CONCLUSIONS In patients who were conservatively treated with routine colonoscopy or radiologic imaging for apparent diverticulitis, a malignant tumour was found in the colon in 2.1% of them. If only performed in patients reporting alarm symptoms, a case of colon cancer would be missed in only 0.5% of patients conservatively treated for diverticulitis. Therefore, screening for colon cancer after conservative treatment of diverticulitis is only indicated in symptomatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pim J C Schout
- Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem, Arnhem, The Netherlands
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