1
|
Hanusova V, Matouskova P, Manethova M, Soukup J, John S, Zofka M, Vošmikova H, Krbal L, Rudolf E. Comparative Analysis of miRNA and EMT Markers in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Invest 2023; 41:837-847. [PMID: 37997798 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2023.2283495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most commonly diagnosed malignant condition in the world. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) as well as epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) play an important role in the pathogenesis of CRC. We performed a comparative analysis of the expression of selected miRNA genes and EMT markers in bioptic samples from patients (n = 45) with primary CRC or metastatic (m)CRC to the regional lymph node using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and IHC staining. Results: Out of all miRNA analyzed, the miR-17 expression was most significantly different and associated with lower risk of CRC spread to the lymph node. In addition, significant relationships were found between the tumor side localization and several miRNAs expressions (miR-9, miR-29b, miR-19a, miR-19b, miR-21, miR-106a, miR-20a and miR-17). In addition, of the examined EMT markers, only VEGFA expression correlated with tumor progression (tumor grade G2). In the examined set of patient samples and their matched healthy tissue, several specific molecular markers (miRNAs associated with EMT and tumor progression) were identified with a promising prognostic potential. Their further examination in larger patient cohorts is planned to validate the present data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hanusova
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Matouskova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Manethova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Soukup
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav John
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
- The Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Zofka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Vošmikova
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Krbal
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Czech Republic
| | - Emil Rudolf
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
LncRNA GAS5 Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Progress by Target miR-21/LIFR Axis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3298939. [PMID: 36062165 PMCID: PMC9433273 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3298939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
GAS5 is abnormally high in colorectal cancer tissues, which is a specific expression of lncRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, its biological function in CRC has not been elucidated. The abnormal high expression of GAS5 in CRC is the specific expression of lncRNA in CRC. The purpose of our study is to explore the effect of GAS5 on CRC and its mechanism. The expression of GAS5 in 53 paired normal and colorectal cancer tissues and colorectal cancer cell lines was detected by real-time PCR. The biological effects of GAS5, miR-21, and LIFR were measured by functional assays, including wound healing, transwell assays, and in vivo assays. We ensured the carcinogenesis role of GAS5 in CRC in the xenograft nude model. The dual-luciferase reporter assay system and chromatin immunoprecipitation method were used for target evaluation and Western blot for verification. GAS5 was significantly decreased in tumor tissues and CRC cells, and the low expression of CAS5 in CRC promoted tumor metastasis and decreased the survival of patients. GAS5 knockdown increases the cell viability, inhibits apoptosis, and promotes migration. Xenografted tumors in nude mice studies showed that GAS5 knockdown promoted tumor growth and caused worse lesions in colorectal. Furthermore, GAS5 increases the expression level of target gene LIFR to promote the apoptosis of CRC cells by binding to miR-21. Our study revealed that a novel pathway about lncRNA GAS5 inhibited the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells by targeting miR-21/LIFR which provides a new strategy to treat CRC.
Collapse
|
3
|
A Systematic Review of Clinical Validated and Potential miRNA Markers Related to the Efficacy of Fluoropyrimidine Drugs. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1360954. [PMID: 36051356 PMCID: PMC9427288 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1360954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Fluoropyrimidine drugs are the primary chemotherapy regimens in routine clinical practice of CRC. However, the survival rate of patients on fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy varies significantly among individuals. Biomarkers of fluoropyrimidine drugs'' efficacy are needed to implement personalized medicine. This review summarized fluoropyrimidine drug-related microRNA (miRNA) by affecting metabolic enzymes or showing the relevance of drug efficacy. We first outlined 42 miRNAs that may affect the metabolism of fluoropyrimidine drugs. Subsequently, we filtered another 41 miRNAs related to the efficacy of fluoropyrimidine drugs based on clinical trials. Bioinformatics analysis showed that most well-established miRNA biomarkers were significantly enriched in the cancer pathways instead of the fluoropyrimidine drug metabolism pathways. The result also suggests that the miRNAs screened from metastasis patients have a more critical role in cancer development than those from non-metastasis patients. There are five miRNAs shared between these two lists. The miR-21, miR-215, and miR-218 can suppress fluoropyrimidine drugs'' catabolism. The miR-326 and miR-328 can reduce the efflux of fluoropyrimidine drugs. These five miRNAs could jointly act by increasing intracellular levels of fluoropyrimidine drugs'' cytotoxic metabolites, leading to better chemotherapy responses. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the dynamic changes in the transcriptional regulation via miRNAs might play significant roles in the efficacy and toxicity of the fluoropyrimidine drug. The reported miRNA biomarkers would help evaluate the efficacy of fluoropyrimidine drug-based chemotherapy and improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.
Collapse
|
4
|
Despotovic J, Dragicevic S, Nikolic A. Effects of Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer on the TGF-β Signaling and Related miRNAs hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-93-5p. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:757-767. [PMID: 33826035 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00980-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients are treated with standard chemotherapeutic drugs in the form of FOLFOX and FOLFIRI regimens. There are no reliable markers that could predict response to chemotherapy for mCRC. TGF-β signaling which interacts with microRNA (miRNA) network has important roles in tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance, thus the interplay between TGF-β signaling and miRNAs could be crucial for treatment response. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of chemotherapy for mCRC on TGF-β signaling and related miRNAs. Hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-93-5p were selected out of 316 miRNAs with multiple targets within the TGF-β signaling by in silico analysis. SW620 cells were treated with chemotherapeutic drugs for mCRC for 1, 3 and 6 days and expression of selected miRNAs, PAI-1, CDH1 and VIM was measured. Expression of TGF-β signaling-related hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-93-5p was time-dependently altered in SW620 cells treated with chemotherapeutics for mCRC. The expression of hsa-miR-93-5p remained downregulated after 6 days under combined treatments FOX and FIRI as well as the hsa-miR-17-5p expression under FIRI. Chemotherapy regimens for mCRC increased expression of a major TGF-β signaling target gene PAI-1, independently of the selected miRNAs expression. These treatments also increased the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers CDH1 and VIM on day 3 resulting in decrease of mesenchymal-like characteristics. However, their expression returned close to basal level on day 6. In conclusion, after initial response to chemotherapeutic drugs SW620 cells start to return close to the basal mesenchymal state while the long-term downregulated expression pattern of hsa-miR-93-5p and hsa-miR-17-5p makes them candidates worth testing as biomarkers for monitoring combined chemotherapeutic treatments therapy response in mCRC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Despotovic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Sandra Dragicevic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Nikolic
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luan XF, Wang L, Gai XF. The miR-28-5p-CAMTA2 axis regulates colon cancer progression via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Cell Biochem 2021; 122:945-957. [PMID: 31709644 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colon cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator 2 (CAMTA2) belongs to the calmodulin-binding transcription activator protein family. The functional role of CAMTA2 in colon cancer development remains unclear. Our research found out that CAMTA2 was high-level expressed in colon cancer, and the upregulated CAMTA2 expression was markedly correlated with poor survival. Functional experiments showed that knockdown of CAMTA2 repressed colon cancer cell proliferation/migration in vitro and attenuated proliferation in vivo. In additional, CAMTA2 expression was controlled by miR-28-5p via posttranscriptional regulation and miR-28-5p expression was reversely correlated with CAMTA2 expression in colon cancer. Moreover, enforced miR-28-5p expression downregulated the expression of CAMTA2 significantly and the restoration of CAMTA2 expression abolished the inhibitory effect of miR-28-5p on colon cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, overexpression of miR-28-5p suppressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the inhibitory could be partly abolished by overexpression of CAMTA2. In summary, our findings reveal that miR-28-5p/CAMTA2 axis plays a critical role in human colon cancer, which might be a promising diagnosis and therapeutic target for colon cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Luan
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xue-Feng Gai
- Department of General Surgery, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jiang R, Chen X, Ge S, Wang Q, Liu Y, Chen H, Xu J, Wu J. MiR-21-5p Induces Pyroptosis in Colorectal Cancer via TGFBI. Front Oncol 2021; 10:610545. [PMID: 33614494 PMCID: PMC7892456 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.610545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a distinct form of programmed cell death in eukaryotic cells that has garnered increasing attention in cancer-related research. Moreover, although miR-21 has been reported as abnormally expressed in colorectal cancer, due to a lack of in-depth research on the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of miR-21, its clinical usage remains limited. Our study is the first, to our knowledge, to compare the clinical manifestations and laboratory phenotypes associated with miR-21-3p and miR-21-5p. Morphologically, the transfection of miR-21-3p or miR-21-5p inhibitors, as well as miR-21-5p mimics into HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines, induced cell death. Surprisingly, overexpression of miR-21-5p induced cell death more strongly than its knockdown. Mechanistic studies of miR-21-5p overexpression revealed that various inflammatory factors including IL-1β and IL-18 were released, while pyroptosis-associated mRNAs were upregulated and proteins were activated. Moreover, miR-21-5p was found to act as a downstream factor to significantly and directly regulate transforming growth factor beta-induced (TGFB1). Specifically, miR-21-5p overexpression caused downregulation of TGFBI, which may have led to pyroptosis. Collectively, we revealed that miR-21-5p induces pyroptosis in colorectal cancer via TGFBI regulation, thereby providing important mechanistic insights into its antitumor effects and expanding its potential for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rilei Jiang
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolei Chen
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| | - Qin Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yichang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| | - Jiatuo Xu
- School of Basic Medicine Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Wu
- Department of Oncology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Waghela BN, Vaidya FU, Ranjan K, Chhipa AS, Tiwari BS, Pathak C. AGE-RAGE synergy influences programmed cell death signaling to promote cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:585-598. [PMID: 33025314 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03928-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed as a result of non-enzymatic reaction between the free reducing sugars and proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids. AGEs are predominantly synthesized during chronic hyperglycemic conditions or aging. AGEs interact with their receptor RAGE and activate various sets of genes and proteins of the signal transduction pathway. Accumulation of AGEs and upregulated expression of RAGE is associated with various pathological conditions including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. The role of AGE-RAGE signaling has been demonstrated in the progression of various types of cancer and other pathological disorders. The expression of RAGE increases manifold during cancer progression. The activation of AGE-RAGE signaling also perturbs the cellular redox balance and modulates various cell death pathways. The programmed cell death signaling often altered during the progression of malignancies. The cellular reprogramming of AGE-RAGE signaling with cell death machinery during tumorigenesis is interesting to understand the complex signaling mechanism of cancer cells. The present review focus on multiple molecular paradigms relevant to cell death particularly Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Necroptosis that are considerably influenced by the AGE-RAGE signaling in the cancer cells. Furthermore, the review also attempts to shed light on the provenience of AGE-RAGE signaling on oxidative stress and consequences of cell survival mechanism of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bhargav N Waghela
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Foram U Vaidya
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Kishu Ranjan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Abu Sufiyan Chhipa
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Budhi Sagar Tiwari
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India
| | - Chandramani Pathak
- Cell Biology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences & Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Advanced Research, Koba Institutional Area, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382426, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang N, Zeng L, Li Z, Zhen Y, Chen H. Serum miR-663 expression and the diagnostic value in colorectal cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2650-2653. [PMID: 31240955 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1628036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common digestive cancers leading to deaths worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of miR-663 in CRC. The expression of miR-663 was detected by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The association between miR-663 and clinical parameters of subjects was evaluated by chi-square test. Additionally, ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic role of miR-663 in CRC. The expression of miR-663 in CRC patients was significantly upregulated compared with benign colorectal disease patients and healthy controls (p < .01). Besides, the expression of miR-663 was significantly associated with tumour differentiation, invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (p < .05). The cutoff value of miR-663 was 1.31, and the corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 83.1% and 73.8%, respectively. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.806, which indicated that miR-663 could act as an independent diagnostic biomarker for CRC. In conclusion, miR-663 was up-regulated in CRC patients and may be an effective biomarker for CRC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- a Department of Oncology, the General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force , Beijing , China
| | - Liyi Zeng
- b Department of Infection Control, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University , Zhuzhou , China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- a Department of Oncology, the General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force , Beijing , China
| | - Yanfang Zhen
- a Department of Oncology, the General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force , Beijing , China
| | - Huoming Chen
- a Department of Oncology, the General Hospital of the PLA Rocket Force , Beijing , China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bahreyni A, Rezaei M, Bahrami A, Khazaei M, Fiuji H, Ryzhikov M, Ferns GA, Avan A, Hassanian SM. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potency of microRNA 21 in the pathogenesis of colon cancer, current status and prospective. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:8075-8081. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Bahreyni
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Melika Rezaei
- Department of Biology Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran
| | - Majid Khazaei
- Department of Medical Physiology Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Hamid Fiuji
- Department of Biochemistry Payame‐Noor University Mashhad Iran
| | - Mikhail Ryzhikov
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Washington University, School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri
| | - Gordon A. Ferns
- Division of Medical Education Brighton & Sussex Medical School Brighton Sussex UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Hassanian
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kral J, Korenkova V, Novosadova V, Langerova L, Schneiderova M, Liska V, Levy M, Veskrnova V, Spicak J, Opattova A, Jiraskova K, Vymetalkova V, Vodicka P, Slyskova J. Expression profile of miR-17/92 cluster is predictive of treatment response in rectal cancer. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:1359-1367. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Kral
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vlasta Korenkova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Novosadova
- Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Czech Centre for Phenogenomics, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Division BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Langerova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression, Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vaclav Liska
- Department of Surgery, Teaching Hospital and Medical School of Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Department of Surgery, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Veskrnova
- Department of Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julius Spicak
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Jiraskova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Vymetalkova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Slyskova
- Department of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Badr M, Said H, Louka ML, Elghazaly HA, Gaballah A, Atef Abd El Mageed M. MicroRNA-21 as a predictor and prognostic factor for trastuzumab therapy in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:3459-3466. [PMID: 30246355 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed worldwide. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer represents about 20% to 30% of all breast cancers. Trastuzumab is used in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) is an oncomiR that acts by inhibiting many tumor-suppressor genes. We analyzed the relative expression levels of serum miR-21 in 20 HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients before and after 3 months of treatment with trastuzumab. miR-21 levels decreased with a high significant difference after trastuzumab therapy (P = 0.001). Although miR-21 expression levels were lower in responders than in nonresponders, the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.6). Our results demonstrated a significant negative correlation between its basal expression, expression levels after treatment, and time to progression ( P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively). These results make miR-21 a potential prognostic factor for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer patients. Additionally, it can be an interesting potential target in therapy using antisense oligonucleotides for miR-21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Badr
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hebatallah Said
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal L Louka
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A Elghazaly
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Gaballah
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mai Atef Abd El Mageed
- Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hasáková K, Bezakova J, Vician M, Reis R, Zeman M, Herichova I. Gender-dependent expression of leading and passenger strand of miR-21 and miR-16 in human colorectal cancer and adjacent colonic tissues. Physiol Res 2018; 66:S575-S582. [PMID: 29355387 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are small regulatory RNA molecules involved in posttranscriptional gene silencing. Their biosynthesis results in the formation of duplex consisting of a leading and a passenger strand of mature miRNA. The leading strand exhibits the main activity but recent findings indicate a certain role of the passenger strand as well. Deregulated levels of miRNA were found in many types of cancers including colorectal cancer. miR-21 and miR-16 were indicated as possible markers of colorectal cancer, however, small attention to gender differences in their expression was paid so far. Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the expression of miR-21-5p, miR-21-3p, miR-16-5p and miR-16-3p in human colorectal cancer tissue and compare it to the adjacent tissues taken during surgery in men and women separately. Our results showed an up-regulation of all measured miRNAs in tumor tissue compared to adjacent tissues. As expected, tumors and adjacent tissues exhibited a significantly higher expression of leading miRNAs compared to passenger strand of miR-21 and miR-16. The expression of leading and passenger strand of miR-21 and miR-16 positively correlated exhibiting the highest correlation coefficient in the distal tissue. The expression pattern showed gender-dependent differences, with higher levels of miRNA in men than in women. Our findings indicate a gender-related expression pattern of miRNA, which should be considered as an important factor in generating new prognostic or diagnostic biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Hasáková
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gao S, Zhao ZY, Wu R, Zhang Y, Zhang ZY. Prognostic value of microRNAs in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:907-929. [PMID: 29750053 PMCID: PMC5935085 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s157493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have shown that miRNA levels are closely related to the survival time of patients with colon, rectal, or colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the outcomes of different investigations have been inconsistent. Accordingly, a meta-analysis was conducted to study associations among the three types of cancers. Materials and methods Studies published in English that estimated the expression levels of miRNAs with survival curves in CRC were identified until May 20, 2017 by online searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library by two independent authors. Pooled HRs with 95% CIs were used to estimate the correlation between miRNA expression and overall survival. Results A total of 63 relevant articles regarding 13 different miRNAs, with 10,254 patients were ultimately included. CRC patients with high expression of blood miR141 (HR 2.52, 95% CI 1.68-3.77), tissue miR21 (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.53), miR181a (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.26-1.83), or miR224 (HR 2.12, 95% CI 1.04-4.34), or low expression of tissue miR126 (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.93) had significantly poor overall survival (P<0.05). Conclusion In general, blood miR141 and tissue miR21, miR181a, miR224, and miR126 had significant prognostic value. Among these, blood miR141 and tissue miR224 were strong biomarkers of prognosis for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang
| | - Rong Wu
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| | - Yue Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Zhang
- Second Department of Clinical Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peng Q, Zhang X, Min M, Zou L, Shen P, Zhu Y. The clinical role of microRNA-21 as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44893-44909. [PMID: 28415652 PMCID: PMC5546529 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This systematic analysis aimed to investigate the value of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in colorectal cancer for multiple purposes, including diagnosis and prognosis, as well as its predictive power in combination biomarkers. Fifty-seven eligible studies were included in our meta-analysis, including 25 studies for diagnostic meta-analysis and 32 for prognostic meta-analysis. For the diagnostic meta-analysis of miR-21 alone, the overall pooled results for sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53-0.74), 0.85 (0.79-0.90), and 0.85 (0.81-0.87), respectively. Circulating samples presented corresponding values of 0.72 (0.63-0.79), 0.84 (0.78-0.89), and 0.86 (0.83-0.89), respectively. For the diagnostic meta-analysis of miR-21-related combination biomarkers, the above three parameters were 0.79 (0.69-0.86), 0.79 (0.68-0.87), and 0.86 (0.83-0.89), respectively. Notably, subgroup analysis suggested that miRNA combination markers in circulation exhibited high predictive power, with sensitivity of 0.85 (0.70-0.93), specificity of 0.86 (0.77-0.92), and AUC of 0.92 (0.89-0.94). For the prognostic meta-analysis, patients with higher expression of miR-21 had significant shorter disease-free survival [DFS; pooled hazard ratio (HR): 1.60; 95% CI: 1.20-2.15] and overall survival (OS; 1.54; 1.27-1.86). The combined HR in tissues for DFS and OS were 1.76 (1.31-2.36) and 1.58 (1.30-1.93), respectively. Our comprehensive systematic review revealed that circulating miR-21 may be suitable as a diagnostic biomarker, while tissue miR-21 could be a prognostic marker for colorectal cancer. In addition, miRNA combination biomarkers may provide a new approach for clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiliang Peng
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueli Zhang
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,School of Medicine, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ming Min
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li Zou
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Peipei Shen
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaqun Zhu
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Radiotherapy & Oncology, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Radiation Oncology, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Our understanding of the epigenetic changes occurring in gastrointestinal cancers has gained tremendous advancements in recent years, and some epigenetic biomarkers are already translated into the clinics for cancer diagnostics. In parallel, pharmacoepigenetics and pharmacoepigenomics of solid tumors are relevant novel, but emerging and promising fields. Areas covered: A comprehensive review of the literature to summarize and update the emerging field of pharmacoepigenetics and pharmacoepigenomics of gastrointestinal cancers. Expert commentary: Several epigenetic modifications have been proposed to account for interindividual variations in drug response in gastrointestinal cancers. Similarly, single-agent or combined strategies with high doses of drugs that target epigenetic modifications (epi-drugs) were scarcely tolerated by the patients, and current research has moved to their combination with standard therapies to achieve chemosensitization, radiosensitization, and immune modulation of cancerous cells. In parallel, recent genome-wide technologies are revealing the pathways that are epigenetically deregulated during cancer-acquired resistance, including those targeted by non-coding RNAs. Indeed, novel, less toxic, and more specific molecules are under investigation to specifically target those pathways. The field is rapidly expanding and gathering together information coming from these investigations has the potential to lead to clinical applications in the coming new years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lopomo
- a Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of Medical Genetics , University of Pisa, Medical School , Pisa , Italy
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- a Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Laboratory of Medical Genetics , University of Pisa, Medical School , Pisa , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ye R, Wei B, Li S, Liu W, Liu J, Qiu L, Wu X, Zhao Z, Li J. Expression of miR-195 is associated with chemotherapy sensitivity of cisplatin and clinical prognosis in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:97260-97272. [PMID: 29228608 PMCID: PMC5722560 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer has higher morbidity and mortality than other cancers for the low diagnosis rate and few therapies. MiR-195 has been reported to be involved in the occurrence, development and prognosis of various cancers. However, the function of miR-195 in gastric cancer remains largely unknown. Herein, the aims of this study were to probe the functional mechanism of miR-195 and its chemotherapy sensitivity as well as clinical prognosis in gastric cancer. We screened out low-expressed miR-195 through microarray analysis and further confirmed miR-195 was widely down-regulated in gastric cancer cells. Subsequently, AKT3 was identified as the direct target gene of miR-195 by target gene prediction software, dual luciferase reporter assay and western blot. Functional assays indicated that miR-195 acted as a tumor suppressor through regulating the proliferative, migrated and invasive properties of gastric cancer cells in vitro, and intratumoral delivery of miR-195 significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Additionally, we also found miR-195 overexpression could enhance the chemotherapy sensitivity of cisplatin in gastric cancer cells and prolong the overall survival and progression free survival of gastric cancer patients. Collectively, our findings demonstrate miR-195 may be of great significance on early diagnosis of gastric cancer, providing the theoretical basis for prognosis and recurrence risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ye
- Department of Oncology, Beidaihe Sanatorium of Beijing Military Command, Qinhuangdao 066100, Hebei, P.R. China.,Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Luan Qiu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Zhifei Zhao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jianxiong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hainan Branch of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572000, Hainan, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Circulating MiRNA-21 and programed cell death (PDCD) 4 gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Egyptian patients. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
18
|
Fu Q, Cheng J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen X, Xie J, Luo S. Downregulation of YEATS4 by miR-218 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to L-OHP-induced cell apoptosis by inhibiting cytoprotective autophagy. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3682-3690. [PMID: 27779719 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been reported to participate in CRC progression. In the present study, we observed downregulation of miR-218 and upregulation of YEATS domain containing 4 (YEATS4) in CRC tissues and in multidrug-resistant HCT-116/L-OHP cells compared with these levels in normal tissues and parental HCT-116 cells, respectively. The results indicated that miR-218 overexpression significantly decreased the IC50 value of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in the HCT-116/L-OHP cells, and suppression of miR-218 significantly enhanced the IC50 of L-OHP in the HCT-116 cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that miR-218 overexpression alone promoted cell apoptosis in the HCT-116/L-OHP cells, which was further enhanced in response to L-OHP, and miR-218 inhibition decreased cell apoptosis in the HCT-116 cells following treatment with L-OHP. Western blot analysis indicated that, compared with the small increase observed in HCT-116 cells, the relative LC3 II level in HCT-116/L-OHP cells after lysosome inhibition via chloroquine (CQ) was markedly upregulated following L-OHP treatment, suggesting induction of autophagy. Exposure of HCT-116/L-OHP cells to L-OHP after control mimic transfection increased autophagic flux, as reflected by increased LC3 II levels, while miR-218 overexpression partly reversed L-OHP-mediated LC3 II accumulation. Additionally, both miR-218 overexpression and CQ treatment promoted L-OHP-induced HCT-116/L-OHP cell apoptosis. Molecularly, our results confirmed that miR-218 directly targets the YEATS4 gene and inhibits YEATS4 expression. Furthermore, YEATS4 overexpression without the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) restored miR-218-inhibited YEATS4 and LC3 II expression, and abolished miR-218-stimulated cell viability loss and cell apoptosis increase in response to L-OHP. In conclusion, miR-218 sensitized HCT-116/L-OHP cells to L-OHP-induced cell apoptosis via inhibition of cytoprotective autophagy by targeting YEATS4 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital (The Affiliated Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Jindai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fanale D, Castiglia M, Bazan V, Russo A. Involvement of Non-coding RNAs in Chemo- and Radioresistance of Colorectal Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 937:207-28. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-42059-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
20
|
Li X, Zang A, Jia Y, Zhang J, Fan W, Feng J, Duan M, Zhang L, Huo R, Jiao J, Zhu X. Triptolide reduces proliferation and enhances apoptosis of human non-small cell lung cancer cells through PTEN by targeting miR-21. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2763-8. [PMID: 26847601 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide is used in traditional Chinese medicine. It has the advantages of a unique mechanism of action, a wide antitumor spectrum, multiple targets, multi-channel effects and low toxicity. The current study was conducted to evaluate whether the potential anticancer effects of triptolide reduces proliferation and enhances apoptosis of human non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and to assess the underlying anticancer mechanisms. In PC‑9 cells, treatment with triptolide reduced cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis and caspase‑3 and 9 activity. Triptolide treatment reduced miR‑21 expression and enhanced phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein expression levels in the PC‑9 cells. Furthermore, the upregulation of miR‑21 expression levels suppressed the effect of triptolide on cell viability and PTEN protein expression levels in PC‑9 cells. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that triptolide reduced the proliferation and enhanced the apoptosis of human NSCLC cells through PTEN by targeting miR-21.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Zang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Youchao Jia
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P.R. China
| | - Wufang Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, P.R. China
| | - Jia Feng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Mindan Duan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Ran Huo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Jin Jiao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cancer Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hur K. MicroRNAs: promising biomarkers for diagnosis and therapeutic targets in human colorectal cancer metastasis. BMB Rep 2016; 48:217-22. [PMID: 25603797 PMCID: PMC4436857 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2015.48.4.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Distant metastasis is a major cause of mortality in CRC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules involved in the post-transcriptional and translational regulation of gene expression. Many miRNAs are aberrantly expressed in cancer and influence tumor progression. Accumulating studies suggest that multiple miRNAs are actively involved in the CRC metastasis process. Thus, we aim to introduce the role of miRNAs in multi-steps of CRC metastasis, including cancer cell invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, colonization, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, we suggest the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers for CRC patients with metastasis. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(4): 217-222]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-842, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. One of the fundamental processes driving the initiation and progression of CRC is the accumulation of a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes in colonic epithelial cells. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in our understanding of cancer epigenetics, particularly regarding aberrant DNA methylation, microRNA (miRNA) and noncoding RNA deregulation, and alterations in histone modification states. Assessment of the colon cancer "epigenome" has revealed that virtually all CRCs have aberrantly methylated genes and altered miRNA expression. The average CRC methylome has hundreds to thousands of abnormally methylated genes and dozens of altered miRNAs. As with gene mutations in the cancer genome, a subset of these epigenetic alterations, called driver events, are presumed to have a functional role in CRC. In addition, the advances in our understanding of epigenetic alterations in CRC have led to these alterations being developed as clinical biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic applications. Progress in this field suggests that these epigenetic alterations will be commonly used in the near future to direct the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center and Baylor Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75246-2017, USA
| | - William M. Grady
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA,Division of Gastroenterology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Ajay Goel
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center and Baylor Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The S100P/RAGE signaling pathway regulates expression of microRNA-21 in colon cancer cells. FEBS Lett 2015; 589:2388-93. [PMID: 26193421 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
S100P signaling through the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) contributes to colon cancer invasion and metastasis, but the mechanistic features of this process are obscure. Here, we investigate whether activation of S100P/RAGE signaling regulates oncogenic microRNA-21 (miR-21). We show that exogenous S100P up-regulates miR-21 levels in human colon cancer cells, whereas knockdown of S100P results in a decrease of miR-21. Furthermore, blockage of RAGE with anti-RAGE antibody suppresses S100P induction of miR-21. In addition, we found that S100P induction of miR-21 expression involves ERK and is suppressed by the MEK inhibitor U0126. Also, S100P treatment stimulates the enrichment of c-Fos, and AP-1 family members, at the miR-21 gene promoter.
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu F, Xu L, Wang M, An G, Feng G. The accuracy of circulating microRNA-21 in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:O100-7. [PMID: 25683351 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The accuracy and clinical value of circulating microRNA-21 (miR-21) were assessed as a novel diagnostic biomarker of colorectal cancer (CRC). METHOD Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library databases and grey literature (Google scholar; British Library) were searched up to 29 September 2014 for eligible studies of the association between blood-based miR-21 and a diagnosis of CRC. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) was employed to assess the quality of the included studies by two investigators. Stata12.0 and Meta-DiSc1.4 software were applied to test the heterogeneity using Cochran's Q test and I(2) statistics and to perform the meta-analysis. RESULTS Seven studies with 676 CRC patients and 417 controls were included in the meta-analysis. All were of high quality (QUADAS scores 12 or 13). For miR-21, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio to predict CRC were 75% [95% confidence interval (CI) 63-83%], 84% (95% CI 79-87%), 4.61 (95% CI 3.38-6.29), 0.30 (95% CI 0.20-0.46) and 16.89 (95% CI 7.56-37.73) after using a random-effects model analysis. The area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% CI 0.83-0.89). CONCLUSION The results suggest that circulating miR-21 is a biomarker with moderate sensitivity and specificity for CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Manipulating miRNA Expression: A Novel Approach for Colon Cancer Prevention and Chemotherapy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 1:141-153. [PMID: 26029495 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-015-0020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Small non-coding RNA has been implicated in the control of various cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. About 50% of the miRNA genes are positioned in cancer-associated genomic regions. Several studies have shown that miRNA expression is deregulated in cancer and modulating their expression has reversed the cancer phenotype. Therefore, mechanisms to modulate microRNA (miRNA) activity have provided a novel opportunity for cancer prevention and therapy. In addition, a common cause for development of colorectal cancers is environmental and lifestyle factors. One such factor, diet has been shown to modulate miRNA expression in colorectal cancer patients. In this chapter, we will summarize the work demonstrating that miRNAs are novel promising drug targets for cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Improved delivery, increased stability and enhanced regulation of off-target effects will overcome the current challenges of this exciting approach in the field of cancer prevention and therapy.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang W, Zhang T, Jin R, Zhao H, Hu J, Feng B, Zang L, Zheng M, Wang M. MicroRNA-301a promotes migration and invasion by targeting TGFBR2 in human colorectal cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014; 33:113. [PMID: 25551793 PMCID: PMC4304202 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play crucial roles in regulating a variety of genes pivotal for tumor metastasis. MicroRNA-301a (miR-301a) is overexpressed and displays oncogenic activity in many cancers. However, little is known about the potential roles of miR-301a in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Taqman probe stem-loop real-time PCR was used to quantitatively measure the expression level of miR-301a in 48 cases of CRC tissues and the matched adjacent non-tumor mucosa as well as in CRC cell lines. miR-301a mimics and inhibitors were used to up-regulate and down-regulate miR-301a in CRC cells, respectively; lentivirus was used to construct miR-301a stably up- and down-regulated CRC cell lines. Metastasis ability was evaluated by transwell and wound healing assays while invasion was measured by transwell coated with matrix gel in vitro; in vivo metastasis was performed on nude mice model. The target of miR-301a was predicted by TargetScan software and validated by qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, western blot and luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS The expression of miR-301a was significantly higher in lymph node metastasis positive CRC samples compared with negative ones. Downregulation of miR-301a significantly inhibited the migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo while forced up-regulation of miR-301a promoted migration and invasion. TGFBR2 was identified to be the downstream target of miR-301a. Knockdown of TGFBR2 in cells treated by miR-301a inhibitor elevated the previously abrogated migration and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicated that miR-301a correlated with the metastatic and invasive ability in human colorectal cancers and miR-301a exerted its role as oncogene by targeting TGFBR2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Runsen Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Hongchao Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ᅟ, Zhengzhou, 450052 Henan Province, China.
| | - Jin Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Bo Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Lu Zang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Minhua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Mingliang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- ᅟ, Shanghai Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- Department of General Surgery, Luwan Branch of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang W, Li J, Zhu W, Gao C, Jiang R, Li W, Hu Q, Zhang B. MicroRNA-21 and the clinical outcomes of various carcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:819. [PMID: 25376700 PMCID: PMC4232634 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) has been suggested to play a significant role in the prognosis of carcinoma. The recognition of novel biomarkers for the prediction of cancer outcomes is urgently required. However, the potential prognostic value of miR-21 in various types of human malignancy remains controversial. The present meta-analysis summarises and analyses the associations between miR-21 status and overall survival (OS) in a variety of tumours. Methods Eligible published studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Chinese Biomedicine databases. The patients’ clinical characteristics and survival results were pooled, and a pooled hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was used to calculate the strength of this association. A random-effects model was adopted, and then, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed. In addition, an analysis of publication bias was also conducted. Results Twenty-seven eligible articles (including 31 studies) were identified that included survival data for 3273 patients. The pooled HR suggested that high miR-21 was clearly related to worse overall survival (HR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.81-2.86), with a heterogeneity measure index of I2 = 76.0%, p = 0.001, showing that miR-21 might be a considerable prognostic factor for poor survival in cancer patients. Conclusions MiR-21 might be a potentially useful biomarker for predicting cancer prognosis in future clinical applications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-819) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiansheng Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhongshan II Road, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Okugawa Y, Toiyama Y, Goel A. An update on microRNAs as colorectal cancer biomarkers: where are we and what's next? Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 14:999-1021. [PMID: 25163355 PMCID: PMC4374444 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2014.946907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs are abundant classes of small, endogenous non-coding RNAs, which inhibit the expression of target gene via post-transcriptional regulation. In addition to an important functional role miRNAs play in carcinogenesis, emerging evidence has demonstrated their feasibility as robust cancer biomarkers. In particular, the recent discovery of miRNAs in the body fluids provides an attractive opportunity for the development of non-invasive biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and predictive response to cancer therapy. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and accumulating data provides a compelling case for the potential exploitation of miRNAs as CRC-biomarkers. This review summarizes the current state of literature in the field, focusing on the clinical relevance of miRNAs as potential biomarkers for CRC treatment and discussing the forthcoming challenges to further advance this exciting field of 'academic research' into 'bedside clinical care' of patients suffering from CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinaga Okugawa
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center and Baylor Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75246-2017, USA
| | - Yuji Toiyama
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center and Baylor Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75246-2017, USA
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Division of Reparative Medicine, Institute of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Laboratory, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center and Baylor Research Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75246-2017, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhou X, Wang X, Huang Z, Wang J, Zhu W, Shu Y, Liu P. Prognostic value of miR-21 in various cancers: an updating meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102413. [PMID: 25019505 PMCID: PMC4097394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, more and more studies investigated the value of microRNA (miRNA) as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in various cancers. MiR-21 was found dysregulated in almost all types of cancers. While the prognostic role of miR-21 in many cancers has been studied, the results were not consistent. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis to investigate the correlation between miR-21 and survival of general cancers by calculating pooled hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The pooled results of 63 published studies showed that elevated miR-21 was a predictor for poor survival of general carcinomas, with pooled HR of 1.91 (95%CI: 1.66-2.19) for OS, 1.42 (95% CI: 1.16-1.74) for DFS and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.64-2.96) for RFS/CSS. MiR-21 was also a prognostic biomarker in the patients who received adjuvant therapy, with pooled HR of 2.4 (95%CI: 1.18-4.9) for OS. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that miR-21 could act as a significant biomarker in the prognosis of various cancers. Further studies are warranted before the application of the useful biomarker in the clinical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Clinical Diabetes Centre of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zebo Huang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (PL); (WZ)
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Cancer Center of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- * E-mail: (PL); (WZ)
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Christodoulatos GS, Dalamaga M. Micro-RNAs as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets in breast cancer: Quo vadis? World J Clin Oncol 2014; 5:71-81. [PMID: 24829853 PMCID: PMC4014798 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v5.i2.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent type of non skin cancer among women and a major leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western countries. It is substantial to discover novel biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic or predictive usefulness as well as therapeutic value for BC. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) belong to a novel class of endogenous interfering RNAs that play a crucial role in post transcriptional gene silencing through mRNA targeting and, thus, are involved in many biological processes encompassing apoptosis, cell-cycle control, cell proliferation, DNA repair, immunity, metabolism, stress, aging, etc. MiRNAs exert their action mainly in a tumor suppressive or oncogenic manner. The specific aberrant expression patterns of miRNAs in BC that are detected with the use of high-throughput technologies reflect their key role in cancer initiation, progression, migration, invasion and metastasis. The detection of circulating extracellular miRNAs in plasma of BC patients may provide novel, non-invasive biomarkers in favor of BC diagnosis and prognosis and, at the same time, accumulating evidence has underscored the possible contribution of miRNAs as valuable biomarkers to predict response to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Data from in vitro and in vivo studies on BC have revealed promising therapeutic approaches via miRNA delivery and miRNA inhibition. The purpose of this review is to explore the ontological role of miRNAs in BC etiopathogenesis as well as to highlight their potential, not only as non-invasive circulating biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic significance, but also as treatment response predictors and therapeutic targets aiding BC management.
Collapse
|
31
|
Prognostic role of microRNA-21 in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80426. [PMID: 24265822 PMCID: PMC3827229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To date, many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNA) exhibit altered expression in various cancers and may play an important role as prognostic biomarker of cancers. The present meta-analysis summarizes the recent advances in the use of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in the assessment of colorectal cancer and analyzes the prognostic role of miR-21 for survival outcome. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS The present meta-analysis was performed by searching PubMed through multiple search strategies. Data were extracted from studies comparing overall survival (OS) in patients with colorectal cancer who showed higher expression of miR-21 than similar patients. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of miR-21 for survival and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Seven studies with a total of 1174 patients were included this meta-analysis. For overall survival (OS), the pooled hazard ratio (HR) of higher miR-21 expression in colorectal cancer was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.34-2.32, P=0.000). After elimination of heterogeneity, the pooled HR was 2.32 (95% CI: 1.82-2.97, P=0.000), which was found to significantly predict poorer survival. The subgroup analysis suggested that elevated miR-21 level and patients' survival correlated with III/IV stage (HR=5.35, 95% CI: 3.73-7.66). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE The present findings suggest that high expression of miR-21 might predict poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.
Collapse
|
32
|
Bovell LC, Shanmugam C, Putcha BDK, Katkoori VR, Zhang B, Bae S, Singh KP, Grizzle WE, Manne U. The prognostic value of microRNAs varies with patient race/ethnicity and stage of colorectal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:3955-65. [PMID: 23719259 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE MicroRNAs (miRNA) have potential prognostic value for colorectal cancers; however, their value based on patient race/ethnicity and pathologic stage has not been determined. The goal was to ascertain the prognostic value of 5 miRNAs with increased expression in colorectal cancers of African American (black) and non-Hispanic Caucasian (white) patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TaqMan quantitative real-time PCR was used to quantify expression of miR-20a, miR-21, miR-106a, miR-181b, and miR-203 in paired normal and tumor colorectal cancer archival tissues collected from 106 black and 239 white patients. The results were correlated with overall survival based on patient race/ethnicity and pathologic stage. Because decisions about adjuvant therapy are important for stage III colorectal cancers, and because miR-181b seemed to have prognostic value only for stage III black patients, we assessed its prognostic value in a separate cohort of 36 stage III colorectal cancers of blacks. RESULTS All 5 miRNAs had higher expression in colorectal cancers (>1.0-fold) than in corresponding normal tissues. High expression of miR-203 was associated with poor survival of whites with stage IV colorectal cancers (HR = 3.00; 95% CI, 1.29-7.53), but in blacks it was an indicator of poor survival of patients with stages I and II colorectal cancers (HR = 5.63; 95% CI, 1.03-30.64). Increased miR-21 expression correlated with poor prognosis for white stage IV patients (HR = 2.50; 95% CI, 1.07-5.83). In both test and validation cohorts, high miR-181b expression correlated with poor survival of only black patients with stage III colorectal cancers (HR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.03-3.67). CONCLUSION These preliminary findings suggest that the prognostic value of miRNAs in colorectal cancers varies with patient race/ethnicity and stage of disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liselle C Bovell
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
AIM MicroRNA-93 (miR-93) has been shown to suppress proliferation and colony formation of colon cancer stem cells. The aim of this study was to examine the expression pattern and prognostic value of miR-93 in patients with colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A quantitative real-time PCR analysis was carried out to detect the expression levels of miR-93 in 138 paired samples of tumoral and nontumoral colon tissues diagnosed with colon cancer. Associations of miR-93 expression with clinicopathological parameters and survival were also examined. RESULTS miR-93 expression was significantly decreased in tumoral compared with nontumoral colon tissues (P<0.001). Low miR-93 expression was significantly correlated with advanced tumor stage (P=0.02), positive nodal metastasis (P=0.006), and positive distant metastases (P=0.01). In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis by Cox regression showed that low miR-93 expression [hazard ratio (HR), 10.2; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.9-42.8, P=0.003] was associated closely with poor overall survival in patients with colon cancer. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed that miR-93 decreased expression (HR, 4.3; 95% CI, 0.8-17.2, P=0.02), advanced tumor stage (HR, 3.1; 95% CI, 0.2-13.9, P=0.04), positive nodal metastasis (HR, 4.1; 95% CI, 0.7-16.8, P=0.02), and positive distant metastases (HR, 3.7; 95% CI, 0.5-14.1, P=0.03) were independent risk factors for overall survival in patients with colon cancer. CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that the downregulation of miR-93 was significantly correlated with unfavorable clinicopathologic features and short overall survival in patients with colon cancer, suggesting that decreased expression of miR-93 be used as a novel prognostic factor for this disease.
Collapse
|