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Antit S, Soumer K, Abdelhedi M, Zidi O, Zakhama L. Incidental Findings of Congenital Unileaflet Mitral Valves in Young Patient Presenting Complete Atrioventricular Block. Pediatr Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00246-024-03602-w. [PMID: 39042330 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-024-03602-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The singular leaflet mitral valve is a rare and complex entity that has been described in only a few case reports. It is commonly observed in infancy and combined with symptomatic mitral regurgitation (MR). In most asymptomatic individuals, this complication is attributed mainly to a hypoplastic posterior mitral leaflet and is usually revealed in adulthood. We present the case of a 30-year-old man who presented with chest pain and dyspnea for two days. The electrocardiogram showed complete atrioventricular block with a beat rate of 30 bpm. Echocardiography revealed an elongated anterior mitral valve leaflet and an almost completely absent posterior mitral valve leaflet with no MR. Our case is unusual presentation of a unileaflet mitral valve that should be investigated even in adulthood as these patients are likely to be at risk of developing or worsening MR later in life; hence, performing periodic echocardiograms is important for detecting the progression of MR early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saoussen Antit
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Security Forces Hospital of Marsa, La Marsa, Tunisia
- University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Khedija Soumer
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Abderrahmen Mami Pneumology and Phtisiology Hospital, Ariana, Tunisia.
- University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia.
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Marwa Abdelhedi
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Security Forces Hospital of Marsa, La Marsa, Tunisia
- University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Oumayma Zidi
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Security Forces Hospital of Marsa, La Marsa, Tunisia
- University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Zakhama
- Department of Cardiology, Internal Security Forces Hospital of Marsa, La Marsa, Tunisia
- University of Medicine, Tunis, Tunisia
- Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
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2
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Krawczyk-Ożóg A, Hołda MK, Batko J, Jaśkiewicz K, Dziewierz A, Zdzierak B, Zasada W, Gil K, Hołda J. Description and prevalence of ventricular mitral annular disjunction: variation of normality or pathological variant? REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2024:S1885-5857(24)00129-4. [PMID: 38641167 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate a new variation of the atrial wall-mitral annulus-ventricular wall junction along the mural mitral leaflet and commissures: the ventricular mitral annular disjunction (v-MAD). This new variant is characterized by spatial displacement of the mitral leaflet hinge line by more than 2mm toward the left ventricle. METHODS We examined a cohort of autopsied human hearts (n=224, 21.9% females, 47.9±17.6 years) from patients without known cardiovascular disease to identify the presence of v-MAD. RESULTS More than half (57.1%) of the hearts showed no signs of MAD in the mural mitral leaflet or mitral commissures. However, v-MAD was found in 23.6% of cases, located within 20.1% of mural leaflets, 2.2% in superolateral commissures, and 1.3% in inferoseptal commissures. V-MAD was not uniformly distributed along the mitral annulus circumference, with the most frequent site being the P2 scallop (19.6% of hearts). The v-MAD height was significantly greater in mural leaflets than in commissures (4.4 mm±1.2 mm vs 2.1 mm±0.1 mm; P<.001). No specific variations in mitral valve morphology or anthropometrical features of donors were associated with the presence or distribution of v-MADs. Microscopic examinations revealed the overlap of the thin layer of atrial myocardium over ventricular myocardium in areas of v-MAD. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to present a detailed definition and morphometric description of v-MAD. Further studies should focus on the clinical significance of v-MAD to elucidate whether it represents a benign anatomical variant or a significant clinical anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Krawczyk-Ożóg
- Department of Anatomy, Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team (HEART), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Krakow University Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Mateusz K Hołda
- Department of Anatomy, Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team (HEART), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Batko
- Department of Anatomy, Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team (HEART), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kacper Jaśkiewicz
- Department of Anatomy, Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team (HEART), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Artur Dziewierz
- Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Krakow University Hospital, Krakow, Poland; 2nd Department of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Zdzierak
- Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Krakow University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Zasada
- Clinical Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions, Krakow University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gil
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jakub Hołda
- Department of Anatomy, Heart Embryology and Anatomy Research Team (HEART), Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland. https://twitter.com/@Jakub_Batko_
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3
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Velarde-Acosta K, Moscoso Ramirez JY, Medina-Maguiña JM, Baltodano-Arellano R. Hypoplastic Posterior Leaflet Mitral Valve Associated with Bicuspid Aortic Valve. CASE (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2024; 8:151-156. [PMID: 38524996 PMCID: PMC10954669 DOI: 10.1016/j.case.2023.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
•Hypoplasia of the MV posterior leaflet is a rare congenital anomaly. •Differential diagnosis includes other anomalies of the mitral apparatus. •TTE and TEE are cornerstones for proper preoperative planning. •HPMVL tends to be incompatible with life. •Association of HPMVL with a BAV is extraordinarily rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Velarde-Acosta
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Cardiology Service, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Josh Yefry Moscoso Ramirez
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Cardiology Service, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Jose M. Medina-Maguiña
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Cardiology Service, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Roberto Baltodano-Arellano
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiac Imaging Area of Cardiology Service, Hospital Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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4
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Marzlin N, Barrett N, Burke D, Nfor T, Tajik AJ, Muthukumar L. Challenge in mitral valve intervention: Super-elongated anterior and diminutive posterior mitral valve. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2024; 52:92-94. [PMID: 37997479 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Diminutive posterior mitral valve leaflet with an extremely elongated anterior leaflet is a rare phenomenon. We share such a case discovered in an 82-year-old patient with severe, symptomatic mitral regurgitation. LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; MR, mitral regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Marzlin
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nancy Barrett
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Dena Burke
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tonga Nfor
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee Clinical Campus, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - A Jamil Tajik
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee Clinical Campus, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Lakshmi Muthukumar
- Aurora Cardiovascular and Thoracic Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Milwaukee Clinical Campus, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
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5
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Grandez C, Skenderi S. Unileaflet Mitral Valve in Patient With Marfanoid Habitus. CASE (PHILADELPHIA, PA.) 2022; 7:10-13. [PMID: 36704488 PMCID: PMC9871345 DOI: 10.1016/j.case.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Unileaflet mitral valve is a very rare congenital heart condition. It is usually lethal in neonates with severe regurgitation. Rare asymptomatic cases can be diagnosed later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar Grandez
- Correspondence: Cesar Grandez, MD, Nazareth Hospital, 2601 Holme Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19152
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6
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(Hypoplasia of the posterior mitral leaflet - are we familiar with it?). COR ET VASA 2021. [DOI: 10.33678/cor.2020.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Yokota S, Matsumoto K, Tanaka H, Nakai H, Okada K, Hirata KI. Mitral Ebstein's Anomaly Modified with a Scarred Rhabdomyoma in Tuberous Sclerosis: An Extremely Rare Cause of Mitral Insufficiency. Intern Med 2021; 60:1225-1229. [PMID: 33229809 PMCID: PMC8112993 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.6035-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an extremely rare case of mitral Ebstein's anomaly that resulted in severe mitral regurgitation (MR). A 41-year-old woman with a history of tuberous sclerosis underwent surgery. Preoperatively, it was assumed that MR had occurred due to leaflet tethering related to left ventricular posterior wall motion asynergy due to a scarred rhabdomyoma. However, surgical inspection revealed a dysplastic posterior leaflet adhering to the ventricular wall, which was completely covered by the endocardium. Both congenital mitral Ebstein's anomaly and acquired wall motion abnormality due to a scarred rhabdomyoma may have contributed to the development of severe MR in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Yokota
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Japan
| | - Kensuke Matsumoto
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Tanaka
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Nakai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kenji Okada
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Hirata
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Japan
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8
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Arasaratnam K, Tomlinson S, Dahiya A, Lo A, Jalali H, Prasad SB. Surgical Repair of a Unileaflet Mitral Valve: A Rare Congenital Abnormality and a Novel Surgical Approach. CASE 2020; 4:420-428. [PMID: 33117942 PMCID: PMC7581507 DOI: 10.1016/j.case.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a novel approach for MV repair. ULMV is rare in clinical practice. Comprehensive multimodality cardiac imaging can delineate complex valvular pathology.
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9
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Kuo AH, Sakhuja RA, Hedgire SS. A Woman in Her 70s With Mitral Stenosis, Mitral Regurgitation, and Abnormal Morphology of the Mitral Valve. JAMA Cardiol 2020; 5:1191. [DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anderson H. Kuo
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Rahul A. Sakhuja
- Department of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sandeep S. Hedgire
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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10
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Murphy C, Madeloso L, Chandrala P. Hypoplasia of the posterior mitral leaflet diagnosed in adulthood. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2019; 3:5491602. [PMID: 31449655 PMCID: PMC6601196 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcr/ytz083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
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11
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Sánchez-Solanilla LF, Zuluaga-Rojas JF, Rodríguez-Martin J. Hipoplasia de la valva posterior de la válvula mitral y válvula aórtica bicúspide. Una muy rara asociación para encontrar en un paciente adulto. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rccar.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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12
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Padang R, Enriquez-Sarano M, Pislaru SV, Maalouf JF, Nkomo VT, Mankad SV, Maltais S, Suri RM, Schaff HV, Michelena HI. Coexistent bicuspid aortic valve and mitral valve prolapse: epidemiology, phenotypic spectrum, and clinical implications. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 20:677-686. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jey166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ratnasari Padang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Sorin V Pislaru
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Joseph F Maalouf
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vuyisile T Nkomo
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Sunil V Mankad
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Simon Maltais
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rakesh M Suri
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave. Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hartzell V Schaff
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hector I Michelena
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, USA
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13
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Fetal and Postnatal Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Ebstein Anomaly of the Mitral Valve. Pediatr Cardiol 2018; 39:1276-1279. [PMID: 29756160 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-018-1903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Ebstein anomaly of mitral valve (MV) is an extremely rare congenital heart disease. In the current report, we present a case of Ebstein of MV that was diagnosed prenatally. Fetal echocardiogram showed that the posterior leaflet of MV was tethered to the lateral wall of left ventricle (LV) with downward displacement into LV cavity. Postnatal transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms confirmed the diagnosis with apical displacement of the level of coaptation MV into the LV cavity. To the best of our knowledge, fetal diagnosis of Ebstein anomaly of MV has not yet been reported in the medical literature.
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14
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Pourafkari L, Baghbani-Oskouei A, Toufan M, Ghaffari S, Nader ND. Hypoplastic posterior mitral valve leaflet: A case report and review of the literature. Echocardiography 2018; 35:1052-1055. [PMID: 29677703 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoplasia of the mitral leaflets is rarely reported in adults. We reported a 45-year-old man presented to us with palpitation, dyspnea, and severe mitral regurgitation. In echocardiographic examination, an immobile hypoplastic posterior mitral leaflet (PML) was detected. A review of clinical and echocardiographic findings of all reported cases revealed that mitral regurgitation was the most common finding associated with PML hypoplasia/uni-leaflet mitral valve. PML hypoplasia is rare and often an incidental diagnosis during echocardiography, which could be relatively well tolerated since adulthood and carries a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leili Pourafkari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Mehrnoush Toufan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nader D Nader
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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15
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Bacich D, Braggion G, Faggian G. Hypoplasia of the posterior mitral leaflet: A rare cause of mitral regurgitation in adulthood. Echocardiography 2017; 34:949-950. [PMID: 28386957 DOI: 10.1111/echo.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoplasia of the posterior mitral valve leaflet (PMVL) is a rare congenital heart disease, usually presenting in infancy and childhood with severe mitral regurgitation, either in isolation or associated with other cardiac lesions. We report a case of a 69-year-old woman with recent-onset exertional dyspnea and severe mitral regurgitation. Two- and three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography showed severe hypoplasia of the PMVL, confirmed by surgical inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Bacich
- Cardiology Unit, Madonna della Salute Hospital, Porto Viro, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Faggian
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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16
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Shah J, Jain T, Shah S, Mawri S, Ananthasubramaniam K. Rare Case of Unileaflet Mitral Valve. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2016; 24:168-9. [PMID: 27358711 PMCID: PMC4925396 DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2016.24.2.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Unileaflet mitral valve is the rarest of the congenital mitral valve anomalies and is usually life threatening in infancy due to severe mitral regurgitation (MR). In most asymptomatic individuals, it is mostly due to hypoplastic posterior mitral leaflet. We present a 22-year-old male with palpitations, who was found to have an echocardiogram revealing an elongated anterior mitral valve leaflet with severely hypoplastic posterior mitral valve leaflet appearing as a unileaflet mitral valve without MR. Our case is one of the 11 reported cases in the literature so far. We hereby review those cases and conclude that these patients are likely to be at risk of developing worsening MR later in their lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jainil Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Tarun Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sunay Shah
- Department of Cardiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sagger Mawri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
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17
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Joshi V, Laurie K, Skoyles J, Richens D. Severe Mitral Regurgitation Secondary to Atresia of the Posterior Mitral Valve Leaflet in the Adult: Is Repair Always Best Practice? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Rep 2015; 4:34-6. [PMID: 26693125 PMCID: PMC4670300 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1394104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a case of a 66-year-old woman with severe mitral regurgitation secondary to posterior leaflet atresia of the mitral valve. Perioperative transesophageal echocardiography suggested the possibility of an absent posterior leaflet with complete prolapse of the anterior leaflet. We questioned the functional outcome if repair was attempted; therefore, mitral valve replacement was performed. We present a case outlining the successful management of this rare condition in an adult as well as a review of current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Joshi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Kaye Laurie
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Julian Skoyles
- Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David Richens
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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18
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Real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation of the association of bicuspid aortic valve and mitral posterior leaflet hypoplasia. Int J Cardiol 2015; 195:334-5. [PMID: 26056967 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.05.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Elhussein TA, Hutchison SJ, Said N. Unique congenital malformation of the mitral valve associated with anomalous coronary arteries and stroke. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2014; 22:43-5. [PMID: 24753810 PMCID: PMC3992349 DOI: 10.4250/jcu.2014.22.1.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A 55-year-old male presented with stroke. Transesophageal echocardiogram and cardiac computed tomography revealed an unrecognized congenital malformation of the anterior mitral leaflet associated with anomalous left coronary circumflex artery, arising from the right coronary artery, diagnosed first by echocardiogram. This case represents a unique unforeseen mitral valve anomaly that might be considered as potential cardiac source of embolism. This finding broadens the spectrum of known mitral valve anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek A Elhussein
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stuart J Hutchison
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nazmi Said
- Department of Cardiac Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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20
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Cuadra AP, Muñoz-Castellanos L, Espinola-Zavaleta N. Isolated Ebstein's anomaly of mitral valve in an adult patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. CONGENIT HEART DIS 2010; 5:641-4. [PMID: 21106029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0803.2010.00404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a rare case of isolated Ebstein's mitral valve anomaly, associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in an adult patient. We establish a correlation between the echocardiographic image of the patient and an anatomically equivalent heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Pérez Cuadra
- Departments of Echocardiography, Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology, Tlalpan, Mexico City, México.
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21
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Kanagala P, Baker S, Green L, Houghton AR. Functionally uni-leaflet mitral valves in a family: a case series. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2010; 11:E27. [PMID: 20219770 DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionally uni-leaflet mitral valves are extremely rare. In severe cases, they are considered incompatible with life beyond the neonatal period. We present a case series of three adults with almost complete absence of the posterior mitral valve leaflet and who are asymptomatic, with no more than mild mitral regurgitation. We believe that this is the first reported instance of such findings in a single family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathap Kanagala
- Department of Medical Physics, Grantham & District Hospital, Grantham, Lincolnshire, UK
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