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Zhou L, Lu G, Nie Y, Ren Y, Shi JS, Xue Y, Xu ZH, Geng Y. Restricted intake of sulfur-containing amino acids reversed the hepatic injury induced by excess Desulfovibrio through gut-liver axis. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2370634. [PMID: 38935546 PMCID: PMC11212577 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2370634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Diet is a key player in gut-liver axis. However, the effect of different dietary patterns on gut microbiota and liver functions remains unclear. Here, we used rodent standard chow and purified diet to mimic two common human dietary patterns: grain and plant-based diet and refined-food-based diet, respectively and explored their impacts on gut microbiota and liver. Gut microbiota experienced a great shift with notable increase in Desulfovibrio, gut bile acid (BA) levels elevated significantly, and liver inflammation was observed in mice fed with the purified diet. Liver inflammation and elevated gut BA levels also occurred in mice fed with the chow diet after receiving Desulfovibrio desulfuricans ATCC 29,577 (DSV). Restriction of sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) prevented liver injury mainly through higher hepatic antioxidant and detoxifying ability and reversed the elevated BA levels due to excess Desulfovibrio. Ex vivo fermentation of human fecal microbiota with primary BAs demonstrated that DSV enhanced production of secondary BAs. Higher concentration of both primary and secondary BAs were found in the gut of germ-free mice after receiving DSV. In conclusion, Restriction of SAAs in diet may become an effective dietary intervention to prevent liver injury associated with excess Desulfovibrio in the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxi Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gexue Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yawen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yilin Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yuzheng Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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2
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Taladrid D, Rebollo-Hernanz M, Martin-Cabrejas MA, Moreno-Arribas MV, Bartolomé B. Grape Pomace as a Cardiometabolic Health-Promoting Ingredient: Activity in the Intestinal Environment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040979. [PMID: 37107354 PMCID: PMC10135959 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace (GP) is a winemaking by-product particularly rich in (poly)phenols and dietary fiber, which are the main active compounds responsible for its health-promoting effects. These components and their metabolites generated at the intestinal level have been shown to play an important role in promoting health locally and systemically. This review focuses on the potential bioactivities of GP in the intestinal environment, which is the primary site of interaction for food components and their biological activities. These mechanisms include (i) regulation of nutrient digestion and absorption (GP has been shown to inhibit enzymes such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase, protease, and lipase, which can help to reduce blood glucose and lipid levels, and to modulate the expression of intestinal transporters, which can also help to regulate nutrient absorption); (ii) modulation of gut hormone levels and satiety (GP stimulates GLP-1, PYY, CCK, ghrelin, and GIP release, which can help to regulate appetite and satiety); (iii) reinforcement of gut morphology (including the crypt-villi structures, which can improve nutrient absorption and protect against intestinal damage); (iv) protection of intestinal barrier integrity (through tight junctions and paracellular transport); (v) modulation of inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by NF-kB and Nrf2 signaling pathways; and (vi) impact on gut microbiota composition and functionality (leading to increased production of SCFAs and decreased production of LPS). The overall effect of GP within the gut environment reinforces the intestinal function as the first line of defense against multiple disorders, including those impacting cardiometabolic health. Future research on GP's health-promoting properties should consider connections between the gut and other organs, including the gut-heart axis, gut-brain axis, gut-skin axis, and oral-gut axis. Further exploration of these connections, including more human studies, will solidify GP's role as a cardiometabolic health-promoting ingredient and contribute to the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Taladrid
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Rebollo-Hernanz
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria A Martin-Cabrejas
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, C/Francisco Tomás y Valiente, 7, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Begoña Bartolomé
- Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/Nicolás Cabrera, 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Mateus V, Estarreja J, Silva I, Gonçalves F, Teixeira-Lemos E, Pinto R. Effect of Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Red Wine in Experimental Model of Colitis in Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:2745-2758. [PMID: 35735629 PMCID: PMC9221943 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44060188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory disorder represented by Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Currently, there is no cure and pharmacological treatment aims to induce and maintain remission on patients. Because the therapy reveals a relatively high toxicity, during a long-term utilization, it is essential to investigate new pharmacological approaches. Polyphenols, commonly present on red wine, have shown health-beneficial effects related to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of NF-kB activation, COX-2 and iNOS induction. In this sense, it would be interesting to study their effects in an IBD context. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of an aqueous extract of phenolic compounds in a 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced model of colitis. Method: Experimental colitis was induced in mice through an intrarectal administration of TNBS and then the mice were treated with an aqueous extract of phenolic compounds intraperitoneally for four days. Results and Discussion: The extract demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect, reducing TNF-α levels in the colon, and had a beneficial effect on the extraintestinal manifestations related to IBD, without any significant side effects. The extract of phenolic compounds demonstrated to be a valuable object of study for the management of IBD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Mateus
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Lisbon School of Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.E.); (I.S.)
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Lisbon, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Estarreja
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Lisbon School of Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.E.); (I.S.)
| | - Inês Silva
- H&TRC—Health and Technology Research Center, ESTeSL—Lisbon School of Health Technology, Polytechnic Institute of Lisbon, 1990-096 Lisbon, Portugal; (V.M.); (J.E.); (I.S.)
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Lisbon, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Gonçalves
- Higher Agricultural School of Viseu—Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal; (F.G.); (E.T.-L.)
- CERNAS Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Edite Teixeira-Lemos
- Higher Agricultural School of Viseu—Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3500-606 Viseu, Portugal; (F.G.); (E.T.-L.)
- CERNAS Research Centre, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Rui Pinto
- iMed.ULisboa, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Lisbon, 1600-277 Lisbon, Portugal
- JCS, Joaquim Chaves, Clinical Laboratory, 1495-068 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-217-946-400
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Maia PDDS, Baião DDS, Nanini HF, da Silva VPF, Frambach LB, Cabral IM, Pêgo B, Ribeiro BE, Pavão MSG, Paschoalin VMF, de Souza HSP, Pierucci APTR. Bioactive Compounds from Pale Ale Beer Powder Attenuate Experimental Colitis in BALB/c Mice. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041194. [PMID: 35208981 PMCID: PMC8877795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) present in foods are associated with a decreased risk of developing inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to extract and characterize PCs from craft beer powder and evaluate their potential benefits in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). PCs were extracted and quantified from pure beer samples. BALB/c mice received either the beer phenolic extract (BPE) or beer powder fortified with phenolic extract (BPFPE) of PCs daily for 20 days by gavage. Colon samples were collected for histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mice lost more weight, had reduced colon length, and developed more inflammatory changes compared with DSS-induced mice treated with either BPE or BPFPE. In addition, in DSS-induced mice, the densities of CD4- and CD11b-positive cells, apoptotic rates, and activation of NF-κB and p-ERK1/2 MAPK intracellular signaling pathways were higher in those treated with BPE and BPFPE than in those not treated. Pretreatment with the phenolic extract and BPFPE remarkably attenuated DSS-induced colitis. The protective effect of PCs supports further investigation and development of therapies for human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola D. D. S. Maia
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Diego dos Santos Baião
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
| | - Hayandra F. Nanini
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Victor Paulo F. da Silva
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Lissa Bantim Frambach
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Iuri Matheus Cabral
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
| | - Beatriz Pêgo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Beatriz E. Ribeiro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
| | - Mauro Sérgio Gonçalves Pavão
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 4th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil;
| | - Vania M. F. Paschoalin
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
| | - Heitor S. P. de Souza
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Prof. Rodolpho Paulo Rocco 255, 11th floor, Rio de Janeiro 21941-617, Brazil; (H.F.N.); (B.P.); (B.E.R.)
- D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro 22281-100, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-3938-2669
| | - Anna Paola T. R. Pierucci
- Basic and Experimental Nutrition Department, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 393, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; (P.D.D.S.M.); (V.P.F.d.S.); (L.B.F.); (I.M.C.); (A.P.T.R.P.)
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5
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Yu P, Ke C, Guo J, Zhang X, Li B. Lactobacillus plantarum L15 Alleviates Colitis by Inhibiting LPS-Mediated NF-κB Activation and Ameliorates DSS-Induced Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:575173. [PMID: 33123156 PMCID: PMC7566170 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.575173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that the Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria strain could be effective in ulcerative colitis (UC) management. However, its effects are strain-specific and the related mechanisms for its attenuating effects on UC remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms for the protective effect of L. plantarum on UC. Firstly, 15 L. plantarum strains were screened for potential probiotic characteristics with good tolerance to simulated human gastrointestinal transit and adhesion. Secondly, the inflammatory response of selected strains to the Caco-2 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was measured. Finally, an in vivo mouse model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to assess the beneficial effects and likely action mechanisms the successfully screened in vitro strain, L. plantarum L15. In vitro results showed that L. plantarum L15 possessed the highest gastrointestinal transit tolerance, adhesion and reduction of pro-inflammatory abilities compared to the other screened strains. In vivo, high dose of L. plantarum L15 supplementation increased the body weight, colon length and anti-inflammatory cytokine production. Pro-inflammatory cytokine production, disease activity index (DAI) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) parameters decreased using this strain. In addition, L. plantarum L15 alleviated the histopathological changes in colon, modulated the gut microbiota, and decreased LPS secretion. The activities of this strain down-regulated the expression of TLR4 and MyD88 genes as well as genes associated with NF-κB signaling pathway. Our findings present L. plantarum L15 as a new probiotic, with promising application for UC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chuxin Ke
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaxin Guo
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuling Zhang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Zhang W, Zou G, Li B, Du X, Sun Z, Sun Y, Jiang X. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) Alleviates Experimental Colitis in Mice by Gut Microbiota Regulation. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 30:1132-1141. [PMID: 32423189 PMCID: PMC9728197 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2002.02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an increasing global burden and a predisposing factor to colorectal cancer. Although a number of treatment options are available, the side effects could be considerable. Studies on fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an IBD intervention protocol require further validation as the underlying mechanisms for its attenuating effects remain unclear. This study aims to demonstrate the ameliorative role of FMT in an ulcerative colitis (UC) model induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and elucidate its relative mechanisms in a mouse model. It was shown that FMT intervention decreased disease activity index (DAI) levels and increased the body weight, colon weight and colon length of experimental animals. It also alleviated histopathological changes, reduced key cytokine expression and oxidative status in the colon. A down-regulated expression level of genes associated with NF-κB signaling pathway was also observed. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that FMT intervention restored the gut microbiota to the pattern of the control group by increasing the relative abundance of Firmicutes and decreasing the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. The relative abundances of the genera Lactobacillus, Butyricicoccus, Lachnoclostridium, Olsenella and Odoribacter were upregulated but Helicobacter, Bacteroides and Clostridium were reduced after FMT administration. Furthermore, FMT administration elevated the concentrations of SCFAs in the colon. In conclusion, FMT intervention could be suitable for UC control, but further validations via clinical trials are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Guiling Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Xuefei Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 37 Yiyuan Street, Nangang District, Harbin 150001, P.R. China,Heilongjiang Longwei Precision Medical Laboratory Center, Longchuan Road, Songbei District, Harbin 150028, P.R. China,Corresponding author Phone: +86-0451-85716079 Fax: +86-0451-85716079 E-mail:
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7
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Rannug A. How the AHR Became Important in Intestinal Homeostasis-A Diurnal FICZ/AHR/CYP1A1 Feedback Controls Both Immunity and Immunopathology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165681. [PMID: 32784381 PMCID: PMC7461111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since the 1970s, when profound immunosuppression caused by exogenous dioxin-like compounds was first observed, the involvement of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in immunomodulation has been the focus of considerable research interest. Today it is established that activation of this receptor by its high-affinity endogenous ligand, 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), plays important physiological roles in maintaining epithelial barriers. In the gut lumen, the small amounts of FICZ that are produced from L-tryptophan by microbes are normally degraded rapidly by the inducible cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) enzyme. This review describes how when the metabolic clearance of FICZ is attenuated by inhibition of CYP1A1, this compound passes through the intestinal epithelium to immune cells in the lamina propria. FICZ, the level of which is thus modulated by this autoregulatory loop involving FICZ itself, the AHR and CYP1A1, plays a central role in maintaining gut homeostasis by potently up-regulating the expression of interleukin 22 (IL-22) by group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). IL-22 stimulates various epithelial cells to produce antimicrobial peptides and mucus, thereby both strengthening the epithelial barrier against pathogenic microbes and promoting colonization by beneficial bacteria. Dietary phytochemicals stimulate this process by inhibiting CYP1A1 and causing changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota. The activity of CYP1A1 can be increased by other microbial products, including the short-chain fatty acids, thereby accelerating clearance of FICZ. In particular, butyrate enhances both the level of the AHR and CYP1A1 activity by stimulating histone acetylation, a process involved in the daily cycle of the FICZ/AHR/CYP1A1 feedback loop. It is now of key interest to examine the potential involvement of FICZ, a major physiological activator of the AHR, in inflammatory disorders and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Rannug
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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The association between microbial community and ileal gene expression on intestinal wall thickness alterations in chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:1847-1861. [PMID: 32241465 PMCID: PMC7587722 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic development of the animal intestine with a concurrent succession of microbiota and changes in microbial community and metabolite spectrum can exert far-reaching effects on host physiology. However, the precise mechanism of mutual response between microbiota and the gut is yet to be fully elucidated. Broilers with varying developmental degrees of intestinal wall thickness were selected, and they were divided into the thick group (H type) and the thin group (B type), using multiomics data integration analysis to reveal the fundamental regulatory mechanisms of gut–microbiota interplay. Our data showed, in broilers with similar body weight, the intestinal morphological parameters were improved in H type and the diversity of microbial communities is distinguishable from each other. The beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium breve was increased whereas avian endogenous retrovirus EAV-HP was decreased in the H type compared with the B type. Furthermore, microbial metabolic potentials were more active, especially the biosynthesis of folate was improved in the H type. Similarly, the consolidation of absorption, immunity, metabolism, and development was noticed in the thick group. Correlation analysis indicated that the expression levels of material transport and immunomodulatory-related genes were positively correlated with the relative abundance of several probiotics such as B. breve, Lactobacillus saerimneri, and Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum. Our findings suggest that the chickens with well-developed ileal thickness own exclusive microbial composition and metabolic potential, which is closely related to small intestinal morphogenesis and homeostasis.
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9
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Boussenna A, Joubert-Zakeyh J, Fraisse D, Pereira B, Vasson MP, Texier O, Felgines C. Dietary Supplementation with a Low Dose of Polyphenol-Rich Grape Pomace Extract Prevents Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Rats. J Med Food 2016; 19:755-8. [PMID: 27355494 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2015.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from several epidemiological and experimental studies points to a beneficial role of dietary polyphenols in inflammatory bowel disease. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of dietary supplementation with various amounts of a polyphenol-rich grape pomace extract (GPE) on the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rats. Rats were fed 21 days on a semisynthetic diet enriched with GPE (0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%), and acute colitis was induced by DSS (40 g/L in the drinking water) administration during the last 7 days. The low GPE content in the diet (0.1%) attenuated clinical signs and colon shortening and limited DSS-induced histological lesions. GPE 0.1% also attenuated the DSS-induced increase in myeloperoxidase activity and improved superoxide dismutase activity. Higher amounts of GPE in the diet induced only weak and nonsignificant protective effects. These results suggest that consumption of a low amount of polyphenol-rich GPE helps protect against colitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Boussenna
- 1 Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne , UNH, ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Clermont-Ferrand, France .,2 3inature Biosphère , Parc Naturopôle, Saint-Bonnet-de-Rochefort, France
| | - Juliette Joubert-Zakeyh
- 3 CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Service d'Anatomie et de Cytologie Pathologiques, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Didier Fraisse
- 1 Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne , UNH, ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- 4 CHU Clermont-Ferrand , Délégation Recherche Clinique & Innovation, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- 5 Clermont Université , Université d'Auvergne, UNH, ECREIN, Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biologie Moléculaire et Nutrition, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Odile Texier
- 1 Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne , UNH, ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Catherine Felgines
- 1 Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne , UNH, ECREIN, Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie et Phytothérapie, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Shang B, Shi H, Wang X, Guo X, Wang N, Wang Y, Dong L. Protective effect of melatonin on myenteric neuron damage in experimental colitis in rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 30:117-27. [PMID: 26787455 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boxin Shang
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Haitao Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology; Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710004 Shaanxi Province China
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Shang BX, Dong L, Shi HT, Wang H, Yang SZ. Change in expression of synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa in the colonic muscle layer of rats with ulcerative colitis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2015; 23:3270-3276. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v23.i20.3270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the change in the expression of synaptosomal associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) in the colonal muscle layer of rats with ulcerative colitis (UC).
METHODS: A rat model of UC was induced by intracolonic instillation of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Immunohistochemical technique was used to observe the density of SNAP-25 labeled axons in the colonic smooth muscle layer. The expression of SNAP-25 in the smooth muscle layer was semi-quantified by Western blot. Myeloperoxidase activity (MPO), malonaldehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) were measured by biochemical methods, and the content of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTS: In the colonic smooth muscle layer of rats with DNBS induced UC, the density of the SNAP-25 labeled axons decreased to 22.60% of that in the control rats (23.76 ± 13.24 vs 5.37 ± 1.96, P < 0.01), and the expression level of SNAP-25 decreased to 34.31% of that in the control rats (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, MPO activity significantly increased (1.91 U/g wet weight ± 0.58 U/g wet weight vs 0.99 U/g wet weight ± 0.21 U/g wet weight, P < 0.01), SOD activity significantly declined (4.11 U/mg protein ± 1.80 U/mg protein vs 9.01 U/mg protein ± 2.17 U/mg protein, P < 0.01), MDA level (1.72 nmol/mg protein ± 0.28 nmol/mg protein vs 1.11 nmol/mg protein ± 0.27 nmol/mg protein, P < 0.01) and IL-1β (181.51 pg/mg protein ± 55.30 pg/mg protein vs 84.27 pg/mg protein ± 42.27 pg/mg protein, P < 0.01) significantly increased in rats with UC.
CONCLUSION: In the smooth muscle layer of rats with DNBS induced UC, the expression of SNAP-25 decreases significantly, which may be partly attributed to increased inflammation and oxidative stress level in the colon.
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