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Yu S, Shao X, Wu T, Liu Z, Yu P, Xing J. Preparation of PMMA-Based Temperature/pH Responsive Nanoparticles Encapsulating 5-Fluorouracil and Methotrexate In Situ by One-Pot Dispersion Photopolymerization. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300469. [PMID: 38197551 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In order to achieve long-term and controllable release of anti-tumor drugs at specific sites, temperature/pH responsive nanoparticles encapsulating 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate in situ are prepared through dispersion photopolymerization under green LED irradiation. The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction. In vitro drug release at different temperatures and pH values is examined to ascertain the release pattern of two drugs, which can be well described by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. The cytotoxicity evaluation illustrates that the tumor cells could be more effectively killed by the drug-loaded nanoparticles, and the improved therapeutic effect is attributed to the controllable and sustainable drug release as well as the enhanced cellular uptake. The blood safety and good biocompatibility of nanoparticles are further confirmed by hemolysis assay, indicating the prepared nanoparticles are potential candidates for effective tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xian Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Pei Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jinfeng Xing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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Russo G, Lattuada M. Preparation of Non-Spherical Janus Particles via an Orthogonal Dissolution Approach. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300415. [PMID: 37722703 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Post-synthesis modifications are valuable tools to alter functionalities and induce morphology changes in colloidal particles. Non-spherical polymer particles with Janus characteristics are prepared by combining seeded growth polymerization and selective dissolution. First, spherical polystyrene (PS) particles have been swollen with methyl methacrylate (MMA) with an activated swelling method. This is followed by polymerization that led to particles with two well-separated faces: one made of PS and the second of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Subsequently, non-spherical particles are obtained by exposing the Janus colloids to various solvents. Using the two polymers' orthogonal solubility, solvents are identified to selectively dissolve only one face, leading to hemispherical PS or PMMA particles. It is further investigated how changing the composition of the PMMA face - by either co-polymerization with glycidyl methacrylate or by adding a cross-linker - affects the particles' morphology. The poly-methacrylate face can gain total or partial resistance towards the solvents, resulting in intriguing shapes, such as mushroom-like and Janus dimpled particles. The dissolution mechanisms are investigated via optical microscopy, where total or partial dissolutions can be directly observed. Lastly, prematurely quenching the dissolution of the particle's lobes with water can be used to control the Janus mushroom-like particle aspect ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Russo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
| | - Marco Lattuada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 9, Fribourg, 1700, Switzerland
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Wang X, Yang Y, Zhang G, Tang CY, Law WC, Yu C, Wu X, Li S, Liao Y. NIR-Cleavable and pH-Responsive Polymeric Yolk-Shell Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Release. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:2009-2021. [PMID: 37104701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Responsive drug release and low toxicity of drug carriers are important for designing controlled release systems. Here, a double functional diffractive o-nitrobenzyl, containing multiple electron-donating groups as a crosslinker and methacrylic acid (MAA) as a monomer, was used to decorate upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) to produce robust poly o-nitrobenzyl@UCNP nanocapsules using the distillation-precipitation polymerization and templating method. Poly o-nitrobenzyl@UCNP nanocapsules with a robust yolk-shell structure exhibited near-infrared (NIR) light-/pH-responsive properties. When the nanocapsules were exposed to 980 nm NIR irradiation, the loaded drug was efficiently released by altering the shell of the nanocapsules. The photodegradation kinetics of the poly o-nitrobenzyl@UCNP nanocapsules were studied. The anticancer drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), was loaded at pH 8.0 with a loading efficiency of 13.2 wt %. The Baker-Lonsdale model was used to determine the diffusion coefficients under different release conditions to facilitate the design of dual-responsive drug release devices or systems. Additionally, cytotoxicity studies showed that the drug release of DOX could be efficiently triggered by NIR to kill cancer cells in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotao Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yebin Yang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Gaowen Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Chak-Yin Tang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong Yu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Xuanqi Wu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Light-weight Materials and Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yonggui Liao
- Key Laboratory for Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Ministry of Education, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Shu D, Tu S, Mai S, Xu J, Yang W. Preparation of cross-linked poly (methyl methacrylate) microspheres by post-crosslinking method and its application in light diffusers. Colloid Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-023-05091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Gao Y, Zhang J, Liang J, Yuan D, Zhao W. Research Progress of Poly(methyl methacrylate) Microspheres: Preparation, Functionalization and Application. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Boga K, Patti AF, Warner JC, Simon GP, Saito K. Sustainable Light‐stimulated Synthesis of Cross‐linked Polymer Microparticles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karteek Boga
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Antonio F. Patti
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - John C. Warner
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - George P. Simon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Kei Saito
- School of Chemistry Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
- Graduate School of Advanced Integrated Studies in Human Survivability Kyoto University Higashi‐Ichijo‐Kan, Yoshida‐nakaadachicho 1 Sakyo‐ku Kyoto Japan
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Synthesis of non-spherical polymer particles using the activated swelling method. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:377-389. [PMID: 34971960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of particles with non-spherical shapes is a challenging endeavor, often requiring a significant ingenuity, complex experimental procedures and difficulties to obtain reproducible results. In this work we prove that monodisperse non-spherical polymer particles possessing asymmetric Janus structure can be easily produced by using an activated swelling method in combination with a control of the rate of free radical polymerization through the addition of the inhibitors 4-methoxyphenol (MEHQ) and O2. Monodisperse non cross-linked polystyrene particles, used as seeds, are activated by the addition of an initiator, which promotes their swelling ability, and then swollen with a monomers mixture (methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate), before being polymerized in presence of both MEHQ and O2. Our results show that only when both MEHQ and O2 are present during the course of the polymerization, the particles shape can be controlled, from spherical to asymmetrical. A variety of particles shapes can be obtained, ranging from dimpled spheres, flattened spheres and Janus particles by varying the swelling ratio, always with excellent monodispersity and reproducibility. Finally, to provide even more complex functionalities to these non-spherical polymer particles, iron oxide nanocrystals were grown within the polymer matrix resulting in superparamagnetic particles.
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Acrylonitrile-Styrene-Acrylate Particles with Different Microstructure for Improving the Toughness of Poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Resin. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/3004824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate copolymer (ASA) particles with different microstructure were synthesized by emulsion polymerization and then used for toughening poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) resin. The structure of ASA particles was confirmed by FTIR. TEM results demonstrated that the particles with different morphologies of multilobe shape, complete core-shell and dumbbell shape were obtained depending on the cross-linker amount. It was found that the toughening efficiency reached the highest when the ASA particles had complete core-shell structure and the shell composition was close to that of the SAN matrix. It was ascribed to the fact that the complete shell layer and similar shell composition provided sufficient interfacial adhesion and transferred stress to induce larger matrix deformation, so that the notched impact strength increased accordingly. Moreover, the notched impact strength of SAN/ASA blend was improved without significantly sacrificing tensile strength when adding 30 wt% ASA particles with the size of around 400 nm. SEM results of the impact-fractured surfaces revealed that irregular fluctuation and numerous microvoids occurred. It was deduced that the toughening mechanism was attributed to the crazings and cavitation of particles. Therefore, this study paved a way of toughening the resin by adjusting the microstructure of the particles including morphology, composition, and size.
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One-pot synthesis of cross-linked nonspherical polystyrene particles via dispersion polymerization: the effect of polymerization conditions on the morphology of the particles. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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