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Fu X, Wang Y, Xu L, Narumi A, Sato SI, Yang X, Shen X, Kakuchi T. Thermoresponsive Property of Poly( N, N-bis(2-methoxyethyl)acrylamide) and Its Copolymers with Water-Soluble Poly( N, N-disubstituted acrylamide) Prepared Using Hydrosilylation-Promoted Group Transfer Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4681. [PMID: 38139932 PMCID: PMC10747282 DOI: 10.3390/polym15244681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The group-transfer polymerization (GTP) of N,N-bis(2-methoxyethyl)acrylamide (MOEAm) initiated by Me2EtSiH in the hydrosilylation-promoted method and by silylketene acetal (SKA) in the conventional method proceeded in a controlled/living manner to provide poly(N,N-bis(2-methoxyethyl)acrylamide) (PMOEAm) and PMOEAm with the SKA residue at the α-chain end (MCIP-PMOEAm), respectively. PMOEAm-b-poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) and PMOEAm-s-PDMAm and PMOEAm-b-poly(N,N-bis(2-ethoxyethyl)acrylamide) (PEOEAm) and PMOEAm-s-PEOEAm were synthesized by the block and random group-transfer copolymerization of MOEAm and N,N-dimethylacrylamide or N,N-bis(2-ethoxyethyl)acrylamide. The homo- and copolymer structures affected the thermoresponsive properties; the cloud point temperature (Tcp) increasing by decreasing the degree of polymerization (x). The chain-end group in PMOEAm affected the Tcp with PMOEAmx > MCIP-PMOEAmx. The Tcp of statistical copolymers was higher than that of block copolymers, with PMOEAmx-s-PDMAmy > PMOEAmx-b-PDMAmy and PMOEAmx-s-PEOEAmy > PMOEAmx-b-PEOEAmy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangming Fu
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Liang Xu
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Yamagata, Japan;
| | - Shin-ichiro Sato
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Xiaoran Yang
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xiande Shen
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing 401135, China
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Research Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Changchun 130022, China; (X.F.); (Y.W.); (L.X.); (X.Y.)
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan;
- Chongqing Research Institute, Changchun University of Science and Technology, No. 618 Liangjiang Avenue, Longxing Town, Yubei District, Chongqing 401135, China
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Henschel C, Schanzenbach D, Laschewsky A, Ko CH, Papadakis CM, Müller-Buschbaum P. Thermoresponsive and co-nonsolvency behavior of poly(N-vinyl isobutyramide) and poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) as poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) analogs in aqueous media. Colloid Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-023-05083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Sets of the nonionic polymers poly(N-vinyl isobutyramide) (pNVIBAm) and poly(N-isopropyl methacrylamide) (pNIPMAm) are synthesized by radical polymerization covering the molar mass range from about 20,000 to 150,000 kg mol−1, and their thermoresponsive and solvent-responsive behaviors in aqueous solution are studied. Both polymers feature a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) apparently of the rare so-called type II, as characteristic for their well-studied analogue poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) (pNIPAm). Moreover, in analogy to pNIPAm, both polymers exhibit co-nonsolvency behavior in mixtures of water with several co-solvents, including short-chain alcohols as well as a range of polar aprotic solvents. While the cloud points of the aqueous solutions are a few degrees higher than those for pNIPAm and increase in the order pNIPAm < pNVIBAm < pNIPMAm, the co-nonsolvency behavior becomes less pronounced in the order pNIPAm > pNVIBAm > pNIPMAm. Exceptionally, pNIPMAm does not show co-nonsolvency in mixtures of water and N,N-dimethylformamide.
Graphical Abstract
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Prause A, Hechenbichler M, Schmidt RF, Simon M, Prévost S, Cavalcanti LP, Talmon Y, Laschewsky A, Gradzielski M. Rheological Control of Aqueous Dispersions by Thermoresponsive BAB* Copolymers of Different Architectures. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Prause
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Berlin10623, Germany
| | - Michelle Hechenbichler
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24−25, Potsdam14476, Germany
| | - Robert F. Schmidt
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Berlin10623, Germany
| | - Miriam Simon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200003, Israel
| | - Sylvain Prévost
- Institut Laue−Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, Grenoble Cedex 9F-38042, France
| | - Leide P. Cavalcanti
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, DidcotOX11 0QX, UK
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa3200003, Israel
| | - André Laschewsky
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24−25, Potsdam14476, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, Potsdam14476, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Berlin10623, Germany
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Simagin AS, Savinova MV, Kamorin DM, Kazantsev OA, Orekhov DV, Simonova MA, Orekhov SV. Amino- and Sulfo-Containing Molecular Brushes Based on Oligo(ethylene glycol) (Meth)Acrylates: Synthesis and Properties in Solutions. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES C 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1811238222700175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Prause A, Hechenbichler M, von Lospichl B, Feoktystov A, Schweins R, Mahmoudi N, Laschewsky A, Gradzielski M. Aggregation Behavior of Nonsymmetrically End-Capped Thermoresponsive Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solutions: Between Polymer Coils and Micellar States. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Prause
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michelle Hechenbichler
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24−25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Benjamin von Lospichl
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Artem Feoktystov
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- Institut Laue−Langevin, DS/LSS, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Facility, STFC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - André Laschewsky
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24−25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Hechenbichler M, Prause A, Gradzielski M, Laschewsky A. Thermoresponsive Self-Assembly of Twofold Fluorescently Labeled Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solution and Microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5166-5182. [PMID: 34734729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A nonionic double hydrophilic block copolymer with a long permanently hydrophilic and a small thermoresponsive block is synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT). By employing a specifically designed chain-transfer agent, the polymer is functionalized with complementary end groups which are suited for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The end group attached to the permanently hydrophilic block of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) pDMAm is designed as a permanently hydrophobic segment ("sticker") comprising a long alkyl chain and the 4-aminonaphthalimide fluorophore. The other end attached to the thermoresponsive block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) pNiPAm incorporates a coumarin fluorophore. The temperature-dependent self-assembly of the twofold fluorescently labeled copolymer is studied in pure aqueous solution as well as in an o/w microemulsion by several techniques including turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. It is compared to the behaviors of the analogous twofold-labeled pDMAm and pNiPAm homopolymer references. The findings indicate that the block copolymer behaves as a polymeric surfactant at low temperatures, with one relatively small hydrophobic end block and an extended hydrophilic chain forming "hairy micelles". At elevated temperatures above the LCST phase transition of the pNiPAm block, however, the copolymer behaves as an associative telechelic polymer with two nonsymmetrical hydrophobic end blocks, which do not mix. Thus, instead of a network of bridged "flower micelles", large dynamic aggregates are formed. These are connected alternatingly by the original micellar cores as well as by clusters of the collapsed pNiPAm blocks. This type of structure is even more favored in the o/w microemulsion than in pure aqueous solution, as the microemulsion droplets constitute an attractive anchoring point for the hydrophobic dodecyl sticker but not for the collapsed pNiPAm chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hechenbichler
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Albert Prause
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Fraunhofer Institute, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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Pavlenko SA, Larin DE, Govorun EN. Self-assembly of hydrophobic-amphiphilic diblock copolymers in solution. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:125001. [PMID: 34942610 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac462c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymers are usually characterized by a locally amphiphilic chain structure and their self-assembly in solution is controlled, in particular, by the surface activity of the monomer units or side chains. We theoretically study the condensed state of a single diblock copolymer molecule consisting of a hydrophobic block and amphiphilic block with hydrophobic groups in the backbone and pendant polar groups. The equilibrium parameters of the polymer globules of different shapes are determined using the mean-field approach to determine the most favorable structure. Morphological diagrams of condensed macromolecules are presented depending on the chain length, amphiphilic block fraction, interaction parameters, and pendant volume and length. The diagrams are compared with those of a copolymer molecule with the same fraction of amphiphilic monomer units which are regularly distributed along the chain. The diblock copolymer molecule is found to form a single spherical or flattened particle, with the core from the hydrophobic block, or a granular micelle consisting of spherical or nearly spherical particles, in agreement with the experimental data in the literature. The optimal chain parameters for self-assembly into a stable single core-shell particle are predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia A Pavlenko
- Faculty of Physics, M V Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow, Russia
- A V Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Prosp. 29, Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil E Larin
- A V Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Prosp. 29, Moscow, Russia
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS, Vavilova ul. 28, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena N Govorun
- Faculty of Physics, M V Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow, Russia
- A V Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, Leninsky Prosp. 29, Moscow, Russia
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