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Acha B, Corroza J, Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa J, Cabello C, Robles M, Méndez-López I, Macías M, Zueco S, Roldan M, Urdánoz-Casado A, Jericó I, Erro ME, Alcolea D, Lleo A, Blanco-Luquin I, Mendioroz M. Association of Blood-Based DNA Methylation Markers With Late-Onset Alzheimer Disease: A Potential Diagnostic Approach. Neurology 2023; 101:e2434-e2447. [PMID: 37827850 PMCID: PMC10752644 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There is an urgent need to identify novel noninvasive biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD) diagnosis. Recent advances in blood-based measurements of phosphorylated tau (pTau) species are promising but still insufficient to address clinical needs. Epigenetics has been shown to be helpful to better understand AD pathogenesis. Epigenetic biomarkers have been successfully implemented in other medical disciplines, such as oncology. The objective of this study was to explore the diagnostic accuracy of a blood-based DNA methylation marker panel as a noninvasive tool to identify patients with late-onset Alzheimer compared with age-matched controls. METHODS A case-control study was performed. Blood DNA methylation levels at 46 cytosine-guanine sites (21 genes selected after a comprehensive literature search) were measured by bisulfite pyrosequencing in patients with "probable AD dementia" following National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association guidelines (2011) and age-matched and sex-matched controls recruited at Neurology Department-University Hospital of Navarre, Spain, selected by convenience sampling. Plasma pTau181 levels were determined by Simoa technology. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the optimal model to discriminate patients with AD from controls. Furthermore, we performed a stratified analysis by sex. RESULTS The final study cohort consisted of 80 patients with AD (age: median [interquartile range] 79 [11] years; 58.8% female) and 100 cognitively healthy controls (age 77 [10] years; 58% female). A panel including DNA methylation levels at NXN, ABCA7, and HOXA3 genes and plasma pTau181 significantly improved (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.93, 95% CI 0.89-0.97) the diagnostic performance of a single pTau181-based model, adjusted for age, sex, and APOE ɛ4 genotype. The sensitivity and specificity of this panel were 83.30% and 90.00%, respectively. After sex-stratified analysis, HOXA3 DNA methylation levels showed consistent association with AD. DISCUSSION These results highlight the potential translational value of blood-based DNA methylation biomarkers for noninvasive diagnosis of AD. REGISTRATION INFORMATION Research Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Navarre (PI17/02218).
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Acha
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jon Corroza
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez-Ruiz de Gordoa
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Cabello
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Robles
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iván Méndez-López
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Macías
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Zueco
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miren Roldan
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amaya Urdánoz-Casado
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivonne Jericó
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Elena Erro
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Alcolea
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleo
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maite Mendioroz
- From the Navarrabiomed (B.A., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., M. Robles, I.M.-L., M.M., S.Z., M. Roldan, A.U.-C., I.J., M.E.E., I.B.-L., M.M.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA); Departments of Neurology (J.C., J.S.-R.d.G., C.C., I.J., M.E.E., M.M.) and Internal Medicine (I.M.-L.), Hospital Universitario de Navarra-IdiSNA (Navarra Institute for Health Research), Pamplona; Department of Neurology (D.A., A.L.), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalunya; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (D.A., A.L.), CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.
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Hernaiz A, Sentre S, Betancor M, López-Pérez Ó, Salinas-Pena M, Zaragoza P, Badiola JJ, Toivonen JM, Bolea R, Martín-Burriel I. 5-Methylcytosine and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Scrapie-Infected Sheep and Mouse Brain Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021621. [PMID: 36675131 PMCID: PMC9864596 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or prion diseases, which are caused by an infectious isoform of the innocuous cellular prion protein (PrPC) known as PrPSc. DNA methylation, one of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms, is essential for the proper functioning of the central nervous system. Recent findings point to possible involvement of DNA methylation in the pathogenesis of prion diseases, but there is still a lack of knowledge about the behavior of this epigenetic mechanism in such neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we evaluated by immunohistochemistry the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels in sheep and mouse brain tissues infected with scrapie. Expression analysis of different gene coding for epigenetic regulatory enzymes (DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, HDAC1, HDAC2, TET1, and TET2) was also carried out. A decrease in 5mC levels was observed in scrapie-affected sheep and mice compared to healthy animals, whereas 5hmC displayed opposite patterns between the two models, demonstrating a decrease in 5hmC in scrapie-infected sheep and an increase in preclinical mice. 5mC correlated with prion-related lesions in mice and sheep, but 5hmC was associated with prion lesions only in sheep. Differences in the expression changes of epigenetic regulatory genes were found between both disease models, being differentially expressed Dnmt3b, Hdac1, and Tet1 in mice and HDAC2 in sheep. Our results support the evidence that DNA methylation in both forms, 5mC and 5hmC, and its associated epigenetic enzymes, take part in the neurodegenerative course of prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaida Hernaiz
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sentre
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marina Betancor
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Óscar López-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mónica Salinas-Pena
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Badiola
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Janne Markus Toivonen
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Bolea
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Martín-Burriel
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, IA2, IIS Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-761662
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Hernaiz A, Sanz A, Sentre S, Ranera B, Lopez-Pérez O, Zaragoza P, Badiola JJ, Filali H, Bolea R, Toivonen JM, Martín-Burriel I. Genome-Wide Methylation Profiling in the Thalamus of Scrapie Sheep. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:824677. [PMID: 35252421 PMCID: PMC8888973 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.824677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scrapie is a neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE). Scrapie occurs in sheep and goats, which are considered good natural animal models of these TSE. Changes in DNA methylation occur in the central nervous system (CNS) of patients suffering from prion-like neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Nevertheless, potential DNA methylation alterations have not yet been investigated in the CNS of any prion disease model or naturally infected cases, neither in humans nor in animals. Genome-wide DNA methylation patterns were studied in the thalamus obtained from sheep naturally infected with scrapie at a clinical stage (n = 4) and from controls (n = 4) by performing a whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) analysis. Ewes carried the scrapie-susceptible ARQ/ARQ PRNP genotype and were sacrificed at a similar age (4–6 years). Although the average genomic methylation levels were similar between the control and the scrapie animals, we identified 8,907 significant differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 39 promoters (DMPs). Gene Ontology analysis revealed that hypomethylated DMRs were enriched in genes involved in transmembrane transport and cell adhesion, whereas hypermethylated DMRs were related to intracellular signal transduction genes. Moreover, genes highly expressed in specific types of CNS cells and those previously described to be differentially expressed in scrapie brains contained DMRs. Finally, a quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation indicated differences in the expression of five genes (PCDH19, SNCG, WDR45B, PEX1, and CABIN1) that matched the methylation changes observed in the genomic study. Altogether, these results suggest a potential regulatory role of DNA methylation in prion neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelaida Hernaiz
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Arianne Sanz
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sara Sentre
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ranera
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Oscar Lopez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan J. Badiola
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Hicham Filali
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosa Bolea
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Janne M. Toivonen
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Martín-Burriel
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica (LAGENBIO), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Encefalopatías y Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes (CEETE), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza-IA2, IIS, Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Inmaculada Martín-Burriel
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