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Yang J, Chung M, Park Y. Association of Fermented Products with Risk of Cancer Recurrence and Mortality among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:1189-1199. [PMID: 36908185 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2023.2186259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the intake of fermented soy and dairy products, but not fermented vegetable products, was associated with reduced cancer recurrence and mortality in breast cancer survivors. Women (n = 606) who underwent dietary survey using a 24-h recall within 3 years of breast cancer surgery were recruited, and were followed up for a mean of 89 mo,. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the risk of cancer recurrence was inversely associated with the intake of fermented soy products (Hazard ratios (HRs):0.976, 95% confidence intervals (CI):0.95-0.99) and fermented dairy products (HRs:0.992, 95% CI:0.98-0.99). Furthermore, the risk of cancer recurrence was inversely associated with the intake of fermented soy products in hormone receptor-positive (HRs:0.296, 95% CI:0.11-0.79), estrogen receptor-positive (HRs:0.971, 95% CI:0.94-0.99), and progesterone receptor-positive (HRs:0.972, 95% CI:0.94-0.99) patients. Mortality was inversely associated with the intake of fermented soy products (HRs:0.967, 95% CI:0.93-0.99). Disease-free survival (P = 0.001) and overall survival (P = 0.004) were positively associated with intake of fermented soy products. Intake of fermented vegetable products had no significant effect on cancer recurrence or mortality. This study suggests that the intake of fermented soy and dairy could be beneficial in preventing cancer recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jubin Yang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsung Chung
- Department of Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoon Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Genistein induces long-term expression of progesterone receptor regardless of estrogen receptor status and improves the prognosis of endometrial cancer patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10303. [PMID: 35717540 PMCID: PMC9206647 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone is used to treat uterine endometrial cancer in young patients wishing to preserve their fertility as well as in advanced or recurrent patients, but its response rate is limited. The antitumor effect of progesterone is mediated by progesterone receptor (PR) binding. Hence, loss of progesterone’s therapeutic effect, i.e., development of progesterone resistance, is mainly due to decreased PR expression. However, little is known about underlying mechanisms that regulate PR expression. Immunohistochemistry analysis of specimens from 31 young, endometrial cancer patients showed that elevated PR expression significantly increased (P < 0.05) rates of progression-free and overall survival. We investigated mechanisms of regulating PR expression and suppressing cell proliferation using genistein, a chemotherapeutic agent against different cancers. Genistein inhibits cell growth by inducing cell cycle arrest in G2 and apoptosis; moreover, it upregulates prolonged expression of PR-B and forkhead box protein O1, regardless of estrogen receptor alpha expression in endometrial cancer cells. Genistein-induced PR expression decreases CCAAT/enhancer binding protein beta expression and activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway, rather than causing epigenetic alterations of the PR promoter. Therefore, increased PR expression is an important antitumor effect of genistein. This may help to improve the response rates of fertility-sparing treatments for young patients.
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Amaral C, Toloi MRT, Vasconcelos LD, Fonseca MJV, Correia-da-Silva G, Teixeira N. The role of soybean extracts and isoflavones in hormone-dependent breast cancer: aromatase activity and biological effects. Food Funct 2017; 8:3064-3074. [PMID: 28644496 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00205j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Nowadays, the relationship between soya diet and breast cancer is controversial due to the unknown role of its isoflavones, genistein (G) and daidzein (D). In this work, we investigated not only the anti-tumor properties of a soybean extract (NBSE) but also whether the biotransformation of extract (BSE) by the fungus Aspergillus awamori increased its effectiveness. The BSE showed a stronger anti-aromatase activity and anti-proliferative efficacy in ER+ aromatase-overexpressing breast cancer cells. D and G were weak aromatase inhibitors, but inhibited cancer cell growth, being G the isoflavone that contributed to the BSE-induced effects. This work demonstrated that the biotransformation increased the anti-aromatase activity and the anti-tumoral efficacy of soybean extract in breast cancer cells. Moreover, it elucidated the potential use of soya in the prevention and/or treatment of ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Amaral
- UCIBIO.REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Uifălean A, Schneider S, Ionescu C, Lalk M, Iuga CA. Soy Isoflavones and Breast Cancer Cell Lines: Molecular Mechanisms and Future Perspectives. Molecules 2015; 21:E13. [PMID: 26703550 PMCID: PMC6273223 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential benefit of soy isoflavones in breast cancer chemoprevention, as suggested by epidemiological studies, has aroused the interest of numerous scientists for over twenty years. Although intensive work has been done in this field, the preclinical results continue to be controversial and the molecular mechanisms are far from being fully understood. The antiproliferative effect of soy isoflavones has been commonly linked to the estrogen receptor interaction, but there is growing evidence that other pathways are influenced as well. Among these, the regulation of apoptosis, cell proliferation and survival, inhibition of angiogenesis and metastasis or antioxidant properties have been recently explored using various isoflavone doses and various breast cancer cells. In this review, we offer a comprehensive perspective on the molecular mechanisms of isoflavones observed in in vitro studies, emphasizing each time the dose-effect relationship and estrogen receptor status of the cells. Furthermore, we present future research directions in this field which could provide a better understanding of the inner molecular mechanisms of soy isoflavones in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Uifălean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Schneider
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Corina Ionescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute of Biochemistry, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Felix-Hausdorff Street 4, Greifswald 17487, Germany.
| | - Cristina Adela Iuga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania.
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Kawakami Y, Kiyosawa T, Nakamura S, Osada K. Effects of isoflavone supplementation on disturbances in lipid metabolism and antioxidant system due to exogenous cholesterol oxidation products in rats. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Richter D, Abarzua S, Chrobak M, Vrekoussis T, Weissenbacher T, Kuhn C, Schulze S, Kupka MS, Friese K, Briese V, Piechulla B, Makrigiannakis A, Jeschke U, Dian D. Effects of Phytoestrogen Extracts Isolated from Pumpkin Seeds on Estradiol Production and ER/PR Expression in Breast Cancer and Trophoblast Tumor Cells. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65:739-45. [DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2013.797000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Iovine B, Iannella ML, Gasparri F, Giannini V, Monfrecola G, Bevilacqua MA. A comparative analysis of the photo-protective effects of soy isoflavones in their aglycone and glucoside forms. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16444-56. [PMID: 23211668 PMCID: PMC3546700 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones exist in nature predominantly as glucosides such as daidzin or genistin and are rarely found in their corresponding aglycone forms daidzein and genistein. The metabolism and absorption of isoflavones ingested with food is well documented, but little is known about their use as topical photo-protective agents. The aim of this study was to investigate in a comparative analysis the photo-protective effects of isoflavones in both their aglycone and glucoside forms. In human skin fibroblasts irradiated with 60 mJ/cm2 ultraviolet B (UVB), we measured the expression levels of COX-2 and Gadd45, which are involved in inflammation and DNA repair, respectively. We also determined the cellular response to UVB-induced DNA damage using the comet assay. Our findings suggest that both the isoflavone glucosides at a specific concentration and combination with an aglycone mixture exerted an anti-inflammatory and photo-protective effect that prevented 41% and 71% of UVB-induced DNA damage, respectively. The advantages of using either isoflavone glucosides or an aglycone mixture in applications in the field of dermatology will depend on their properties and their different potential uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Iovine
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; E-Mails: (B.I.); (M.L.I.)
| | - Maria Luigia Iannella
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; E-Mails: (B.I.); (M.L.I.)
| | - Franco Gasparri
- Rottapharm-Madaus Dermo-Cosmetic R & D Division, Via Valosa di Sopra 9, 20052 Monza, Italy; E-Mails: (F.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Valentina Giannini
- Rottapharm-Madaus Dermo-Cosmetic R & D Division, Via Valosa di Sopra 9, 20052 Monza, Italy; E-Mails: (F.G.); (V.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Monfrecola
- Department of Systematic Pathology, Section of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Naples “Federico II”, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; E-Mail:
| | - Maria Assunta Bevilacqua
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; E-Mails: (B.I.); (M.L.I.)
- Faculty of Biotechnology Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Lignan constituents of Tilia amurensis and their biological evaluation on antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:3680-6. [PMID: 22819933 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Revised: 07/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the recent decade, numerous lignan derivatives isolated from plants have been proven to have the potential as an anti-cancer substance. On the search for anti-cancer compounds from Korean medicinal plants, the methanolic extract from the trunk of Tilia amurensis Rupr. (Tiliaceae) was found to have significant cytotoxicity against A549 (lung carcinoma), SK-OV-3 (ovary malignant ascites), SK-MEL-2 (skin melanoma), and HCT-15 (colon adenocarcinoma) in our screening test. Hence, a bioassay-guided fractionation and chemical investigation of the methanolic extract resulted in the isolation and identification of 10 lignan derivatives (1-10) including two new lignan glycosides named tiliamurosides A (1) and B (2). The structures of these new compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods, namely 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), circular dichroism (CD) data, and chemical methods. Tiliamuroside B (2) and schizandriside (3) showed significant cytotoxicity against A549, SK-OV-3, SK-MEL-2, and HCT-15 cell lines with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 3.26-8.89 μM. Moreover, (-)-syringaresinol (8) and (-)-pinoresinol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production in murine microglia BV-2 with IC50 values of 15.05 and 34.35 μM, respectively.
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Sarhan NAZ, El-Denshary ES, Hassan NS, Abu-Salem FM, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Isoflavones-Enriched Soy Protein Prevents CCL(4)-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. ISRN PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 2012:347930. [PMID: 22530140 PMCID: PMC3317079 DOI: 10.5402/2012/347930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 12/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The burden of liver disease in Egypt is exceptionally high due to the highest prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) resulting in rising rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of the current study was to determine the isoflavones in soy and to evaluate the protective role of soy against CCl4-induced liver damage in rats. Four experimental groups were treated for 8 weeks and included the control group, soy-supplemented diet (20% w/w) group, the group treated orally with CCl4 (100 mg/kg bw) twice a week, and the group fed soy-supplemented diet and treated with CCl4. Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for biochemical analyses and histological examination. The results indicated that protein content was 45.8% and the total isoflavones recorded 167.3 mg/100 g soy. Treatment with CCl4 resulted in a significant biochemical changes in serum liver tissue accompanied with severe oxidative stress and histological changes. Supplementation with soy succeeded to restore the elevation of liver enzymes activities and improved serum biochemical parameters. Moreover, soy supplementation improved the antioxidant enzymes, decreased lipid peroxidation, and improved the histological picture of the liver tissue. It could be concluded that soy-protein-enriched isoflavones may be a promising agent against liver diseases.
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