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Diagnostics of Ovarian Tumors in Postmenopausal Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112619. [DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of ovarian cancer remains an urgent issue owing to the continuing trend towards increasing incidence along with only marginal improvements in mortality and 5-year survival rates. Furthermore, there is a lack of a clear formulation of the concept of pathogenesis. The diagnostic values of tumor markers, their potential advantages and disadvantages, and their combination with radiation imaging methods and transvaginal sonography are discussed. More advanced imaging techniques, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have proven too expensive for widespread use. According to the World Health Organization, more than half of the world’s population does not have access to diagnostic imaging. Consequently, there is high demand for a low-cost, reliable, and safe imaging system for detecting and monitoring cancer. Currently, there is no clear algorithm available for examining and accurately diagnosing patients with postmenopausal ovarian tumors; moreover, reliable criteria allowing dynamic observation and for determining surgical access and optimal surgical intervention measures in postmenopausal patients are lacking. Medical microwave radiometry shows promising results yielding an accuracy of 90%.
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Yildirim N, Dikmen Y, Terek MC, Akman L, Gunel NS, Aktan C, Zekioglu O, Gunduz C. Do preoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor and migration-inhibitory factor predict the nature of the adnexal masses? A prospective-controlled trial. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2016; 36:533-7. [PMID: 26758243 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2015.1121978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the role of preoperative serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and migration inhibitor factor (MIF) in differentiation of benign and malignant adnexal masses, as well as the relationship between prognostic factors and VEGF and MIF in ovarian cancer patients. This prospective study included 41 patients who were admitted between November 2010 and March 2012. In the malignant group, there were 21 patients, and remaining 20 had benign adnexal masses. Age, CA125 levels, grade, stage, presence of ascites and the degree of cytoreduction performed were noted. There was no significant difference between two groups in preoperative serum VEGF and MIF levels (p = 0.118 and p = 0.297, respectively). CA125 levels were significantly higher in the malignant group (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference for VEGF and MIF between the groups evaluated for tumour grade, stage, presence of ascites and degree of cytoreduction performed in the malignant group. Preoperative serum, VEGF and MIF levels are not suitable for the differentiation of malignant and benign adnexal masses, and they do not correlate with the prognostic factors of ovarian cancer in this cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Yildirim
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Dikmen
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cosan Terek
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Levent Akman
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Nur Selvi Gunel
- b Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey , and
| | - Cagdas Aktan
- b Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey , and
| | - Osman Zekioglu
- c Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- b Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Ege University , Izmir , Turkey , and
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Acimovic M, Vidakovic S, Milic N, Jeremic K, Markovic M, Milosevic-Djeric A, Lazovic-Radonjic G. Survivin and VEGF as Novel Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Endometriosis. J Med Biochem 2015; 35:63-68. [PMID: 28356866 PMCID: PMC5346803 DOI: 10.1515/jomb-2015-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peripheral blood markers as additional diagnostic tools to transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) findings in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods This study included 40 patients undergoing laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis from January to December 2012. Preoperative levels of serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA and mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF were obtained. Real-time PCR was used to determine relative gene expression. A new diagnostic score was obtained by deploying the peripheral blood markers to the TVU findings. Statistical methods used were Chi-square, Fisher’s, Student’s t-test or the Mann – Whitney test. Results There was a statistically significant difference in serum CA125, survivin and VEGF levels in patients with endometriosis and those without endometriosis (p<0.001, p=0.025 and p=0.009, respectively). False negative TVU findings were noted in 3/13 patients (23.1%) with peritoneal endometriosis without ovaries involvement. High sensitivity (93.3%), specificity (90.0%), PPV (96.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (92.5%) were obtained for a diagnostic score based on TVU and significant peripheral blood markers (CA125, survivin and VEGF). Conclusions Determination of serum CA125, mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF along with TVU can contribute to higher accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic tools for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Acimovic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical Center Uzice, Serbia
| | - Snezana Vidakovic
- Institute for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa Milic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Jeremic
- Institute for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Markovic
- Institute for Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
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Jiang ZH, Li KT, Tian JW, Ren M. An overview of the development and application of the sonographic scoring system: differentiation of malignant from benign ovarian tumors. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 293:303-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3957-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ranjbar R, Nejatollahi F, Nedaei Ahmadi AS, Hafezi H, Safaie A. Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in Patients With Serous Ovarian Carcinoma and Their Clinical Significance. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION 2015; 8:e3428. [PMID: 26478789 PMCID: PMC4606373 DOI: 10.17795/ijcp-3428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has an essential role in tumor metastasis by inducing the construction of abnormal blood vessels. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in different parts of cancer growth such as tumor initiation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of VEGF and EGFR in ovarian cancer in southern Iran and to assess the correlation between expression of these two markers and patients’ age, tumor stage, and grade. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 50 paraffin blocks of serous ovarian adenocarcinomas and 50 paraffin-embedded specimens from control individuals operated for reasons other than malignancy were immunohistochemically stained using anti-human VEGF and EGFR antibodies. Results: A significant difference in the frequency of positive expression of VEGF was observed in ovarian cancer patients (25.0%) compared with the control group (8.0%) (P = 0.023). A significant difference between EGFR expression in patients (56.8%) and controls (24.0%) was also obtained (P = 0.001). No significant correlation between VEGF and EGFR expression and patients’ age, tumor grade and stage were detected (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The significant increase in both VEGF and EGFR in the patients with ovarian cancer compared to healthy individuals could have prognostic value. Identifying these markers may be useful for chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic strategies for patients with serous ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Foroogh Nejatollahi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran ; Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Ahmad Sina Nedaei Ahmadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Hossein Hafezi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
| | - Akbar Safaie
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran
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Liang B, He Q, Zhong L, Wang S, Pan Z, Wang T, Zhao Y. Circulating VEGF as a biomarker for diagnosis of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2015; 8:1075-82. [PMID: 26028975 PMCID: PMC4440429 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s83616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
VEGF is a frequently studied angiogenic factor in ovarian cancer (OC), and is considered to have an important role in the progression of OC. However, its diagnostic value has not been widely accepted because the conclusions are inconsistent and even conflicting. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic value of VEGF in OC. A systematic literature search was conducted using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WANFANG databases for relevant published articles (the last search update was November 18, 2014). The diagnosis sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and the summary receiver operating characteristic curves were pooled by Meta DiSc 1.4 software. A total of ten studies with 1,131 subjects were finally included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.67 (0.63–0.73), 0.78 (0.75–0.81), 3.08 (6.36–12.22), 0.39 (0.29–0.51), 9.10 (5.43–45.25), and 0.8175, respectively. Furthermore, to explore the sources of heterogeneity, we conducted subgroup analyses based on ethnicity and sample size. The diagnostic accuracy of VEGF was higher in an Asian population than in a Caucasian population. A similar finding was found in subgroups with the smaller sample size (<100 subjects). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggests that VEGF has moderate diagnostic accuracy for OC. Considering our limitations and the heterogeneity among our selected studies, larger, well-designed prospective and multicenter validation studies are needed to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum VEGF for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liang
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun He
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liansheng Zhong
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaocheng Wang
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongcheng Pan
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Wang
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Zhao
- Biochip Center and State Key Lab of Cell Biology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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Assessment of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015; 292:415-20. [PMID: 25693759 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-015-3661-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Clinicopathologic and molecular studies have provided new insights and understanding on the pathological events during ovarian carcinogenesis. Moreover, angiotensin II-enhanced tumor cell invasion via type 1 angiotensin II receptor in ovarian cancer cell lines was recently demonstrated. It has been suggested that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity increases in diseases involving the female reproductive system. In the present study, we aimed to analyze the possible relationship between the levels of circulating angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an important molecule of RAS, and ovarian cancer (OC). MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted in 41 epithelial OC patients (mean age 56.1 ± 10.2 years) and 19 healthy controls (mean age 53.4 ± 13.1 years). Clinical and laboratory features are summarized. Serum ACE and Ca-125 levels were measured using commercially available laboratory kits. RESULTS Serum ACE levels of epithelial OC patients and controls were 30.58 ± 13.37 and 14.15 ± 3.67, respectively. Serum ACE levels were significantly elevated in epithelial OC patients in comparison to healthy controls. Ca-125 levels of epithelial OC patients were also significantly elevated in epithelial OC patients. No correlation was observed between ACE levels and Ca-125 levels. In epithelial OC patients, serum ACE levels did not differ according to stages and pathologic subtypes of the patients. CONCLUSION Our results showed that serum ACE levels were increased in OC patients. Being an important component of RAS, circulating ACE might be associated with ongoing pathobiologic events in ovarian carcinogenesis. Therefore, targeting the RAS pathway could provide a future treatment strategy for this cancer type.
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