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Wiseman L, Cinti N, Guinn BA. Identification and prioritization of tumour-associated antigens for immunotherapeutic and diagnostic capacity in epithelial ovarian cancer: a systematic literature review. Carcinogenesis 2022; 43:1015-1029. [PMID: 36318800 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a prevalent carcinoma in the female population associated with poor prognostic outcomes, in part due to the late stage of the disease at diagnosis. Aiming to identify tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) with the potential to facilitate earlier detection and targeted therapy of EOC, five scientific literature repositories were systemically searched for primary literature sources reporting the expression of a TAA in the tissue or serum of adult females diagnosed with EOC and healthy women. We identified 7120 articles of which 32 met our inclusion criteria and passed the bias-quality assessment. Subsequently, data were collated on 29 TAAs whose expression had been analysed in 2181 patients and 589 healthy individuals. Reports of CA125 and EpCAM expression were numerous while tissue expression data were available for 28 TAAs. Data were segregated into three meta-cohorts for statistical scrutiny and their capacity for diagnostic and treatment targeting was assessed. We showed that CA-125 was expressed homogenously in EOC patients while EpCAM was expressed heterogeneously. CA-125 was the most promising TAA target for both diagnosis and treatment, gaining a priority score of 12 (/12) while EpCAM gained a priority score of seven. Tissue expression of EOC TAAs was homogenous; 90% of the EOC population express any identified TAA while just 20% of healthy individuals will be positive for the same TAA. We suggest TAA profiling should be a fundamental aspect of EOC diagnosis, sitting alongside the FIGO framework, promoting reduced mortality and directing the development of TAA-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Wiseman
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Noemi Cinti
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Barbara-Ann Guinn
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK
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Perrone MG, Luisi O, De Grassi A, Ferorelli S, Cormio G, Scilimati A. Translational Theragnosis of Ovarian Cancer: where do we stand? Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:5675-5715. [PMID: 31419925 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190816232330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer is the second most common gynecologic malignancy, accounting for approximately 220,000 deaths annually worldwide. Despite radical surgery and initial high response rates to platinum- and taxane-based chemotherapy, most patients experience a relapse, with a median progression-free survival of only 18 months. Overall survival is approximately 30% at 5 years from the diagnosis. In comparison, patients out from breast cancer are more than 80 % after ten years from the disease discovery. In spite of a large number of published fundamental and applied research, and clinical trials, novel therapies are urgently needed to improve outcomes of the ovarian cancer. The success of new drugs development in ovarian cancer will strongly depend on both fully genomic disease characterization and, then, availability of biomarkers able to identify women likely to benefit from a given new therapy. METHODS In this review, the focus is given to describe how complex is the diseases under the simple name of ovarian cancer, in terms of cell tumor types, histotypes, subtypes, and specific gene mutation or differently expressed in the tumor with respect the healthy ovary. The first- and second-line pharmacological treatment clinically used over the last fifty years are also described. Noteworthy achievements in vitro and in vivo tested new drugs are also summarized. Recent literature related to up to date ovarian cancer knowledge, its detection by biomarkers and chemotherapy was searched from several articles on Pubmed, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and various Governmental Agencies till April 2019. RESULTS The papers referenced by this review allow a deep analysis of status of the art in the classification of the several types of ovarian cancer, the present knowledge of diagnosis based on biomarkers and imaging techniques, and the therapies developed over the past five decades. CONCLUSION This review aims at stimulating more multi-disciplinary efforts to identify a panel of novel and more specific biomarkers to be used to screen patients for a very early diagnosis, to have prognosis and therapy efficacy indications. The desired final goal would be to have available tools allowing to reduce the recurrence rate, increase both the disease progression free interval and of course the overall survival at five years from the diagnosis that today is still very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Oreste Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna De Grassi
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Savina Ferorelli
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gennaro Cormio
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Oncologico "Giovanni Paolo II" Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Zhang H, Wang J, Guo R. Application Value of Color Doppler Ultrasound and Ultrasound Contrast in the Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian tumor. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:80-84. [PMID: 32063936 PMCID: PMC6994900 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.2.847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study the value of color Doppler ultrasound and ultrasound contrast in differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors. Methods: Ninety-six patients with ovarian tumors who were treated in our hospital from May 2017 to July 2018 and confirmed by pathological examination were selected as the research subjects. All patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasound and ultrasound contrast. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the two methods were compared, and the parameters of ultrasound contrast in the diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors were observed and compared. Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of ultrasound contrast in the diagnosis of ovarian tumors were higher than those of color Doppler ultrasound (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the time of initiation enhancement, time to peak and perfusion intensity in the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions by ultrasound contrast (P<0.05). Conclusion: In the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors, ultrasound contrast has more advantages than color Doppler ultrasound in displaying the blood perfusion information of tumors. It has high diagnostic accuracy and clinical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Zhang
- Haijing Zhang, Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256610, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- Jinming Wang, Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256610, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Rui Guo, Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Binzhou People's Hospital, Shandong, 256610, China
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Wang X, Yang S, Lv G, Liao J, Wu S, Zhang W. Combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS for differential diagnosis of ovarian masses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 65:959-964. [PMID: 31389505 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.7.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of gynecologic imaging reporting and data system (GI-RADS) ultrasonographic stratification and three-dimensional contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (3D-CEUS) in order to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses. METHODS In this study, 102 patients with ovarian masses were examined by both two-dimensional ultrasound(2D-US) and 3D-CEUS. Sonographic features of ovarian masses obtained from 3D-CEUS were analyzed and compared with 2D-US. All patients with ovarian masses were confirmed by operational pathology or long-term follow-up results. RESULTS (1)The Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression analysis confirmed that there were only eight independent predictors of malignant masses, including thick septa (≥3mm), thick papillary projections(≥7mm), solid areas, presence of ascites, central vascularization, contrast enhancement, distribution of contrast agent, and vascular characteristics of the solid part and their odds ratios which were 5.52, 5.39, 4.94, 4.34, 5.92, 7.44, 6.09, and 7.67, respectively (P<0.05). (2)These eight signs were used to combine the GI-RADS with 3D-CEUS scoring system in which the corresponding value of the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.969, which was superior to using GI-RADS lonely (Z-value=1.64, P<0.025). Using 4 points as the cut-off, the scoring system showed the performance was clearly better than using GI-RADS alone (P<0.05). (3) The Kappa value was 0.872 for two different clinicians with equal experience. CONCLUSIONS The combination of GI-RADS and 3D-CEUS scoring system would be a more effective method to distinguish malignant from benign ovarian masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiali Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou 362000, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Shuping Yang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Guorong Lv
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou 362000, China.,Department of Ultrasound, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Jianmei Liao
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Shufen Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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Grayson K, Gregory E, Khan G, Guinn BA. Urine Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer - Are We There Yet? BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2019; 11:1179299X19830977. [PMID: 30833816 PMCID: PMC6393943 DOI: 10.1177/1179299x19830977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer affects around 7500 women in the United Kingdom every year. Despite this, there is no effective screening strategy or standard treatment for ovarian cancer. If diagnosed during stage I, ovarian cancer has a 90% 5-year survival rate; however, there is usually a masking of symptoms which leads to an often late-stage diagnosis and correspondingly poor survival rate. Current diagnostic methods are invasive and consist of a pelvic examination, transvaginal ultrasonography, and blood tests to detect cancer antigen 125 (CA125). Unfortunately, surgery is often still required to make a positive diagnosis. To address the need for accurate, specific, and non-invasive diagnostic methods, there has been an increased interest in biomarkers identified through non-invasive tests as tools for the earlier diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Although most studies have focused on the identification of biomarkers in blood, the ease of availability of urine and the high patient compliance rates suggest that it could provide a promising resource for the screening of patients for ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Ebony Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Ghazala Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Green CR, Blake JM, Carson GD, Po L, Brown ARH, Friedman CL. Choosing Wisely: SOGC's Top 10 Recommendations. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2018; 40:716-722. [PMID: 29861082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer M Blake
- The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Ottawa; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto
| | - George D Carson
- Regina General Hospital at Saskatchewan Health Authority; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, SK
| | - Leslie Po
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynaecologic Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
| | - Adrian R H Brown
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, North York General Hospital
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Green CR, Blake JM, Carson GD, Po L, Brown ARH, Friedman CL. Choisir avec soin : les 10 principales recommandations de la SOGC. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2018; 40:e443-e450. [PMID: 29861086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer M Blake
- The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Ottawa; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto
| | - George D Carson
- Regina General Hospital at Saskatchewan Health Authority; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Saskatchewan, SK
| | - Leslie Po
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Division of Minimally Invasive Gynaecologic Surgery, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
| | - Adrian R H Brown
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, North York General Hospital
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Rapisarda AMC, Cianci A, Caruso S, Vitale SG, Valenti G, Piombino E, Cianci S. Benign multicystic mesothelioma and peritoneal inclusion cysts: are they the same clinical and histopathological entities? A systematic review to find an evidence-based management. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 297:1353-1375. [PMID: 29511797 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peritoneal mesothelial cysts (PMC) are a clinical dilemma because of their true pathogenic nature. Many definitions have been associated with PMC, including "benign multicystic mesothelioma", "cystic mesothelioma", "multilocular peritoneal inclusion cysts", ''inflammatory cysts of the peritoneum" or "postoperative peritoneal cyst". METHODS We herein performed a systematic review of the literature focusing on clinical and histopathological aspects of PMC, diagnosis, and therapies. Moreover, we described our experience with a case of PMC in a young female. RESULTS Since there is often a history of prior surgery or inflammatory disease, most authors consider PMC of reactive origin. However, in some cases they occur without any documentable signs of disease or injury. A variety of clinical findings can complicate the preoperative assessment and a multitude of histological pictures may potentially lead to a misdiagnosis. The absence of a uniform treatment strategy and lack of long-term follow-up often hinder the accurate definition leading to unnecessary or unnecessarily aggressive therapy. CONCLUSIONS PMC are more common than had previously been thought. Most authors consider them non-neoplastic; thus the designation of "peritoneal inclusion cyst" is preferable. The term "mesothelioma" should be used only in cases of histological evidences of atypia. The high rates of recurrence suggest that the goal of treatment should not be necessarily complete eradication, but symptomatic relief through individualized treatment. This is a topic of particular importance, especially in young female where recurrence rates could be lower than those reported in adults and where an improperly aggressive treatment could have repercussions on fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Cianci
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Caruso
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Giovanni Vitale
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Valenti
- Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eliana Piombino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G.F. Ingrassia, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele", Anatomic Pathology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Cianci
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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