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Harris A, Andl T. Precancerous Lesions of the Head and Neck Region and Their Stromal Aberrations: Piecemeal Data. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082192. [PMID: 37190121 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) develop through a series of precancerous stages from a pool of potentially malignant disorders (PMDs). Although we understand the genetic changes that lead to HNSCC, our understanding of the role of the stroma in the progression from precancer to cancer is limited. The stroma is the primary battleground between the forces that prevent and promote cancer growth. Targeting the stroma has yielded promising cancer therapies. However, the stroma at the precancerous stage of HNSCCs is poorly defined, and we may miss opportunities for chemopreventive interventions. PMDs already exhibit many features of the HNSCC stroma, such as inflammation, neovascularization, and immune suppression. Still, they do not induce cancer-associated fibroblasts or destroy the basal lamina, the stroma's initial structure. Our review aims to summarize the current understanding of the transition from precancer to cancer stroma and how this knowledge can reveal opportunities and limitations for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic decisions to benefit patients. We will discuss what may be needed to fulfill the promise of the precancerous stroma as a target to prevent progression to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee Harris
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, 12722 Research Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826, USA
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Assis EM, Rodrigues M, Vieira JC, Pascoaloti MI, Júnior HM, Souto GR, Souza PE, Horta MC. Microvascular density and tumor budding in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023; 28:e174-e182. [PMID: 36565216 PMCID: PMC9985932 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignant head and neck tumor, excluding the nonmelanoma skin cancer. Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment, the disease's mortality rate is nonetheless high. The presence of isolated neoplastic cells or small clusters of up to four cells at the tumor's invasive front, named tumor budding, is associated with a worse prognosis in OSCC. Angiogenesis has also been recognized as a determining factor in the progression of malignancies and in the development of metastases. Several studies have investigated the assessment of microvascular density (MVD) as a potential prognostic factor in OSCC. This study aimed to evaluate, in OSCC, differences in MVD between tumors with high-intensity tumor budding and tumors with low-intensity or no tumor budding. In samples with high-intensity tumor budding, differences in MVD between the budding area and the area outside the budding were also evaluated. Moreover, the study assessed differences in MVD concerning clinicopathological characteristics such as sex, age, tobacco smoking, tumor location and tumor size. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and fifty [150] samples of OSCC were subjected to immunohistochemistry to assess the intensity of tumor budding (by immunostaining for multi-cytokeratin) and MVD (by immunostaining for CD34 and CD105, independently). The data were treated using descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS There were no differences in MVD, assessed by immunostaining for CD34 or CD105, concerning clinicopathological characteristics such as sex, age, tobacco smoking, tumor location and tumor size (p > 0.05). Tumors with high-intensity tumor budding did not show differences in MVD, assessed by immunostaining for CD34 or CD105, when compared to tumors with low-intensity or no tumor budding (p > 0.05). However, in samples with high-intensity tumor budding, the MVD assessed by immunostaining for CD34 was higher in the budding area than in the area outside the budding (p < 0.05). This difference was not observed when MVD was assessed by immunostaining for CD105 (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The higher MVD in the budding area may be an additional indication that this is a peculiar region of the tumor, associated with biological phenomena related to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-M Assis
- Departamento de Odontologia - Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais Avenida Dom José Gaspar 500, Prédio 46, Sala 101 CEP: 30535-901. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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The Mutually Mediated Chloride Intracellular Channel Protein 1 (CLIC1) Relationship between Malignant Cells and Tumor Blood Vessel Endothelium Exhibits a Significant Impact on Tumor Angiogenesis, Progression, and Metastasis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC). Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235981. [PMID: 36497464 PMCID: PMC9740861 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexpression of chloride intracellular channel protein 1 (CLIC1) in tumor cells has been confirmed, but it has received less attention in the tumor blood vessel endothelium. Aim: The assessment of CLIC1 expression in ccRCC tumor blood vessels and its relationship with TNM parameters and tumor cell CLIC1 expression. Methods: CLIC1 immunostaining in ccRCC was evaluated in 50 cases in both malignant cells and tumor blood vessels (CLIC1 microvessel density-CLIC1-MVD) and was correlated with TNM staging parameters. Results: CLIC1-MVD was observed in approximately 65% of cases, and CLIC1 co-localization in both tumor and endothelial cells was observed in 59% of cases. ccRCC was classified into four groups (Classes 0−3) based on the percentage of positive tumor cells, with each group including sub-groups defined by CLIC1 expression in the endothelium. Class 3 (60−100% positive tumor cells) had the highest CLIC1-MVD, with an impact on T and M parameters (p value = 0.007 for T, and p value = 0.006 for M). For cases with CLIC1 intracellular translocation, there was a strong correlation between CLIC1-MVD and M (p value < 0.001). Conclusions: Co-expression of ccRCC tumor and endothelial cells promotes tumor progression and metastasis and should be investigated further as a potential therapeutic target for ccRCC and other human malignancies.
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Karabay N, Bülbül HM, Doğan E, İkiz AÖ, Bülbül G, Sarıoğlu S. The correlations between dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemical data in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Turk J Med Sci 2022; 52:1950-1957. [PMID: 36945990 PMCID: PMC10390131 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) can in vivo characterize tumor microvascular environment. The aim of the present study was to reveal the DCE-MRI findings and to determine the correlation between these findings and immunohistochemical data in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). METHODS Thirty-three patients diagnosed with primary HNSCC were evaluated retrospectively. DCE-MRI was conducted in all cases. CD34, CD105, and ki-67 expressions were analyzed with immunohistochemistry in tissue sections to determine micro-vessel density and proliferative activity. RESULTS The DCE-MRI is a successful technique in distinguishing tumor tissue from normal tissue. It was determined that Ve, Ktrans, and ki-67 values were significantly higher in high-stage tumors and there were positive correlations between the Ktrans value (by standard ROI) and CD34 MVDmax and CD34 MVDmean values. No statistically significant correlation was determined between other parameters in DCE-MRI and immunohistochemical data, and T stage. DISCUSSION DCE-MRI could successfully differentiate tumor tissue in HNSCC. Furthermore, it was observed that DCE-MRI had the potential to reveal certain immunohistochemical information in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Karabay
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hande Melike Bülbül
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ersoy Doğan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ömer İkiz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Göksenil Bülbül
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Sülen Sarıoğlu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, İzmir, Turkey
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Wang P, Jin JM, Liang XH, Yu MZ, Yang C, Huang F, Wu H, Zhang BB, Fei XY, Wang ZT, Xu R, Shi HL, Wu XJ. Helichrysetin inhibits gastric cancer growth by targeting c-Myc/PDHK1 axis-mediated energy metabolism reprogramming. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1581-1593. [PMID: 34462561 PMCID: PMC9160019 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Helichrysetin (HEL), a chalcone isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, has an antitumor activity in human lung and cervical cancers. However, the inhibitory effect and underlying mechanism of HEL in gastric cancer have not been elucidated. Here, HEL significantly inhibited the growth of gastric cancer MGC803 cells in vitro and in vivo. HEL decreased expression and transcriptional regulatory activity of c-Myc and mRNA expression of c-Myc target genes. HEL enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and reduced glycolysis as evidenced by increased mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and decreased the pPDHA1/PDHA1 ratio and Glyco-ATP production. Pyruvate enhanced OXPHOS after HEL treatment. c-Myc overexpression abolished HEL-induced inhibition of cell viability, glycolysis, and protein expression of PDHK1 and LDHA. PDHK1 overexpression also counteracted inhibitory effect of HEL on cell viability. Conversely, c-Myc siRNA decreased cell viability, glycolysis, and PDHK1 expression. NAC rescued the decrease in viability of HEL-treated cells. Additionally, HEL inhibited the overactivated mTOR/p70S6K pathway in vitro and in vivo. HEL-induced cell viability inhibition was counteracted by an mTOR agonist. mTOR inhibitor also decreased cell viability. Similar results were obtained in SGC7901 cells. HEL repressed lactate production and efflux in MGC803 cells. These results revealed that HEL inhibits gastric cancer growth by targeting mTOR/p70S6K/c-Myc/PDHK1-mediated energy metabolism reprogramming in cancer cells. Therefore, HEL may be a potential agent for gastric cancer treatment by modulating cancer energy metabolism reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jin-Mei Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Fei
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Hai-Lian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiao-Jun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, The Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Research Center of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Standardization, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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MicroRNAs: Their Role in Metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment, and Therapeutic Implications in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225604. [PMID: 34830755 PMCID: PMC8615702 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which arises from the oral epithelium, is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite excellent diagnosis and treatment improvements, the mortality rate associated with HNSCC is still extremely high. Current data suggest that dysregulation of exosomes and metabolic abnormalities are involved in the initiation and progression of HNSCC. Thus, approaches for targeting exosomes in the tumor microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming pathways represent potential therapeutic strategies. Moreover, some miRNAs are thought to have significant functions in regulating the progression of HNSCC. The present article aims to summarize the current knowledge concerning the important miRNAs in both exosomes and cancer metabolism, as well as discuss future perspectives regarding their future diagnostic potential and treatment recommendations. Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression by binding to target mRNAs. Deregulated miRNAs can act as either oncogenic miRNAs or tumor suppressor miRNAs in controlling proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, metastasis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and immune responses, which are all involved in the carcinogenesis process of HNSCC. Recent findings have shown that metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of cancer, which is necessary for malignant transformation and tumor development. Some reprogrammed metabolisms are believed to be required for HNSCC against an unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is composed of various cell types embedded in the altered extracellular matrix, among which exosomes, secreted by cancer cells, are one of the most important factors. Tumor-derived exosomes reshape the tumor microenvironment and play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication during HNSCC development. Exosomes encapsulate many biomolecules, including miRNAs, circulate in body fluids, and can transmit intercellular regulatory messages to nearby and distant sites, which indicates that exosomal miRNAs have the potential to become non-invasive biomarkers. This review aims to clarify the functions of diverse miRNAs in HNSCC metabolic reprogramming and tumor-derived exosomes. In addition, it also emphasizes the potential role of miRNA as a biomarker in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of HNSCC cancer.
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Tekiki N, Fujita M, Okui T, Kawai H, Oo MW, Kawazu T, Hisatomi M, Okada S, Takeshita Y, Barham M, Nagatsuka H, Yanagi Y, Asaumi JI. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI as a predictor of programmed death ligand-1 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:778. [PMID: 34594419 PMCID: PMC8456498 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) are highly promising therapies for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The assessment of PD-L1 expression may help predicting the therapeutic effect of ICIs and, thus, benefit patient selection. Contrast index (CI) parameters derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) have been proven as efficient to assess microvessel density (MVD) in OSCC. The present study aimed to determine the correlation between DCE-MRI parameters and MVD and between DCE-MRI parameters and PD-L1 expression to determine whether DCE-MRI could be used non-invasively to evaluate PD-L1 expression in patients with OSCC. A total of 21 patients with primary OSCC who had undergone a 3T MRI scan, including DCE-MRI, were included in the present study, and CI curve-derived parameters were examined. The MVD and PD-L1 expression in the surgically resected specimens were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for CD31 and IHC staining for PD-L1, respectively. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of these markers were correlated with DCE-MRI parameters. PD-L1 expression levels were found to be significantly correlated with the maximum CI (CI-max; P=0.007), peak CI (CI-peak; P=0.007), maximum CI gain (CI-gain; P=0.006) and MVD (P=0.001) values. The mean CI-max, CI-peak, CI-gain and MVD values were significantly higher in tumors with high PD-L1 expression (P<0.05). MVD levels were also significantly correlated with the time of CI-max (T-max; P=0.003) and CI-gain (P=0.037). The mean CI-gain was significantly increased, and the mean T-max was significantly shorter in high MVD tumors (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). In summary, the findings from the present study confirmed the correlation between CI parameters, derived from DCE-MRI, and MVD, and suggested that these parameters may be correlated with PD-L1 expression in OSCC tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Tekiki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Mariko Fujita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Okui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hotaka Kawai
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - May Wathone Oo
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kawazu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Miki Hisatomi
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Okada
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yohei Takeshita
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Majd Barham
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nagatsuka
- Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Yanagi
- Department of Dental Informatics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Asaumi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.,Department of Oral Diagnosis and Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Georgaki M, Theofilou VI, Pettas E, Stoufi E, Younis RH, Kolokotronis A, Sauk JJ, Nikitakis NG. Understanding the complex pathogenesis of oral cancer: A comprehensive review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021; 132:566-579. [PMID: 34518141 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of oral cancer is a complex and multifactorial process that requires a deep understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the development and progress of malignancy. The ever-improving comprehension of the diverse molecular characteristics of cancer, the genetic and epigenetic alterations of tumor cells, and the complex signaling pathways that are activated and frequently cross talk open up promising horizons for the discovery and application of diagnostic molecular markers and set the basis for an era of individualized management of the molecular defects underlying and governing oral premalignancy and cancer. The purpose of this article is to review the key molecular concepts that are implicated in oral carcinogenesis, especially focusing on oral squamous cell carcinoma, and to review selected biomarkers that play a substantial role in controlling the so-called "hallmarks of cancer," with special reference to recent advances that shed light on their deregulation during the different steps of oral cancer development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Georgaki
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Vasileios Ionas Theofilou
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Efstathios Pettas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleana Stoufi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rania H Younis
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dentistry, and Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexandros Kolokotronis
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John J Sauk
- Professor Emeritus and Dean Emeritus, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Nikolaos G Nikitakis
- Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Hu Q, Zhu SY, Liu RC, Zheng HY, Lun HM, Wei HM, Weng JJ. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the preoperative assessment of laryngeal carcinoma: a preliminary study. Acta Radiol 2021; 62:1016-1024. [PMID: 32811159 DOI: 10.1177/0284185120950108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is considered an attractive imaging technique to evaluate tumor microcirculation. However, the validity of CEUS for assessing laryngeal carcinoma is unclear. PURPOSE To compare the performance of CEUS with conventional US and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in the diagnosis and preoperative T-staging of laryngeal carcinoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-one consecutive patients with laryngeal carcinoma underwent conventional high-frequency US, CEUS, and CECT before surgery. The CEUS characteristics of laryngeal carcinoma were recorded. The imaging findings of CEUS and conventional US were compared with CECT findings and the postoperative pathological examination. RESULTS CEUS showed hyperenhancement in 38 cases and isoenhancement in three cases. Homogeneous distribution of contrast agent was found in 20 cases and heterogeneous distribution in 21 cases, of which 16 cases showed local perfusion defects. In the enhanced phase, rapid entry was observed in 37 cases, synchronous entry was observed in two cases, and slow entry was observed in two cases. Rapid exit was observed in 25 cases and slow exit was observed in 16 cases. The pretherapeutic T-staging accuracy was not significantly different between conventional US, CEUS, and CECT (P ≥ 0.500). A high sensitivity and specificity were achieved by CEUS in the evaluation of involvement of thyroid cartilage. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional US and CECT, CEUS has a reliable initial T-staging accuracy and diagnostic properties for detecting laryngeal cartilage invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Hu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
- Department of Ultrasound, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Shang Yong Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Ruo Chuan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hong Yu Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hai Mei Lun
- Department of Ultrasound, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hai Ming Wei
- Department of Pathology, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jing Jin Weng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
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Wang P, Tang Z, Xiao Z, Wu L, Hong R, Wang J. Dual-energy CT for differentiating early glottic squamous cell carcinoma from chronic inflammation and leucoplakia of vocal cord: comparison with simulated conventional 120 kVp CT. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:238.e17-238.e24. [PMID: 33375985 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.11.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the value of dual-energy (DE) computed tomography (CT) in discriminating early glottic squamous cell carcinoma (eGSCC) from chronic inflammation and leucoplakia of the vocal cord, and to compare the diagnostic efficiency of DECT with that of simulated conventional 120 kVp CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy patients with glottic lesions confirmed by histopathology (38 cases with eGSCC, 11 cases with chronic inflammation, 21 cases with leucoplakia) were enrolled in this prospective study. The DECT-derived parameters were measured and compared using independent sample t-test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance, and comparison of the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was made using the Z test to further select the best diagnostic parameters. RESULTS Significantly higher iodine concentration (IC), normalised IC (NIC), effective atomic number (Zeff), 40-100 keV (20 keV-interval), slope(k), and Mix-0.3 values were found in eGSCC than those in chronic inflammation, leucoplakia, and inflammation + leucoplakia (all p<0.05). Compared with attenuation measurement of simulated conventional 120 kVp CT, the NIC, 60 keV values derived from DECT showed significantly higher AUC in discriminating these glottic lesions (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS DECT is more accurate for differentiating eGSCC from chronic inflammation and leucoplakia when compared with simulated conventional 120 kVp CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China; Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Renmin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212002, PR China
| | - Z Tang
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China.
| | - Z Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - L Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - R Hong
- Department of Radiology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, PR China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
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11
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Vidiri A, Gangemi E, Ruberto E, Pasqualoni R, Sciuto R, Sanguineti G, Farneti A, Benevolo M, Rollo F, Sperati F, Spasiano F, Pellini R, Marzi S. Correlation between histogram-based DCE-MRI parameters and 18F-FDG PET values in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Evaluation in primary tumors and metastatic nodes. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229611. [PMID: 32119697 PMCID: PMC7051076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation between histogram-based Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameters and positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG-PET) values in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), both in primary tumors (PTs) and in metastatic lymph nodes (LNs). METHODS 52 patients with a new pathologically-confirmed OPSCC were included in the present retrospective cohort study. Imaging including DCE-MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT scans were acquired in all patients. Both PTs and the largest LN, if present, were volumetrically contoured. Quantitative parameters, including the transfer constants, Ktrans and Kep, and the volume of extravascular extracellular space, ve, were calculated from DCE-MRI. The percentiles (P), P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, and skewness, kurtosis and entropy were obtained from the histogram-based analysis of each perfusion parameter. Standardized uptake values (SUV), SUVmax, SUVpeak, SUVmean, metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated applying a SUV threshold of 40%. The correlations between all variables were investigated with the Spearman-rank correlation test. To exclude false positive results under multiple testing, the Benjamini-Hockberg procedure was applied. RESULTS No significant correlations were found between any parameters in PTs, while significant associations emerged between Ktrans and 18F-FDG PET parameters in LNs. CONCLUSIONS Evident relationships emerged between DCE-MRI and 18F-FDG PET parameters in OPSCC LNs, while no association was found in PTs. The complex relationships between perfusion and metabolic biomarkers should be interpreted separately for primary tumors and lymph-nodes. A multiparametric approach to analyze PTs and LNs before treatment is advisable in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonello Vidiri
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Gangemi
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Departmental Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Center for Integrated Research, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Emanuela Ruberto
- Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosella Pasqualoni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Sciuto
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Farneti
- Department of Radiotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Benevolo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Rollo
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Sperati
- Biostatistics-Scientific Direction, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Filomena Spasiano
- Department of Radiotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Marzi
- Medical Physics Laboratory, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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12
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Ludwig N, Szczepanski MJ, Gluszko A, Szafarowski T, Azambuja JH, Dolg L, Gellrich NC, Kampmann A, Whiteside TL, Zimmerer RM. CD44(+) tumor cells promote early angiogenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2019; 467:85-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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13
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Jin J, Qiu S, Wang P, Liang X, Huang F, Wu H, Zhang B, Zhang W, Tian X, Xu R, Shi H, Wu X. Cardamonin inhibits breast cancer growth by repressing HIF-1α-dependent metabolic reprogramming. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:377. [PMID: 31455352 PMCID: PMC6712736 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Cardamonin, a chalcone isolated from Alpiniae katsumadai, has anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. However, the molecular mechanism by which cardamonin inhibits breast cancer progression largely remains to be determined. Methods CCK-8 and Hoechst 33258 staining were used to detect cell growth and apoptosis, respectively. HIF-1α driven transcription was measured by luciferase reporter assay. Glucose uptake and lactate content were detected with 2-NBDG and L-Lactate Assay Kit. Cell metabolism assays were performed on Agilent’s Seahorse Bioscience XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured with JC-1 probe. DCFH-DA was used to measure ROS level. Protein expression was detected by western blotting assay. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure the expression of HIF-1α, LDHA and CD31 in tumor tissues. Results Cardamonin inhibited growth of the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in vitro and in vivo by suppressing HIF-1α mediated cell metabolism. Cardamonin inhibited the expression of HIF-1α at mRNA and protein levels by repressing the mTOR/p70S6K pathway, and subsequently enhanced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. We also found that cardamonin inhibited the Nrf2-dependent ROS scavenging system which further increased intracellular ROS levels. Eventually, accumulation of the intracellular ROS induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. In addition, cardamonin treatment reduced glucose uptake as well as lactic acid production and efflux, suggesting its function in repressing the glycolysis process. Conclusions These results reveal novel function of cardamonin in modulating cancer cell metabolism and suppressing breast cancer progression, and suggest its potential for breast cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1351-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shuiping Qiu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaohui Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hui Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xinhui Tian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ren Xu
- Markey Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Biopharm 553, 789 S. Limestone, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, 201203, China
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14
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Surov A, Meyer HJ, Höhn AK, Wienke A, Sabri O, Purz S. Combined parameter SUVmax/ADCmean predicts microvessel density in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Preliminary results. Oral Oncol 2019; 101:104355. [PMID: 31279650 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Surov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Höhn
- Department of Pathology University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburgerstr. 8, 06097 Halle, Germany
| | - Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sandra Purz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstraße 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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15
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Baj A, Fusco N, Bolzoni A, Carioli D, Mazzucato C, Faversani A, Bresciani L, Maggioni M, Capaccio P. A novel integrated platform for the identification of surgical margins in oral squamous cell carcinoma: results from a prospective single-institution series. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:467. [PMID: 31101023 PMCID: PMC6525414 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5634-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal surgical margins assessment is capital in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) management. We evaluated the clinical benefits of integrating intraoperative macroscopic margin (MM) assessment and narrow band imaging (NBI). METHODS Sixteen OSCC patients eligible for surgery were prospectively enrolled. For each patient, 2 to 6 bioptic samples of MM and NBI margins were obtained and histologically analyzed for the presence of dysplasia and lymphocytes. Microvessel density was investigated by CD34 immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Taken together, 104 specimens were analyzed, including 15% tumors, 33% MM, 33% NBI margins, and 19% MM-NBI overlapping margins. The NBI margins were closer to the lesion in 50% cases, while the same number of MM were more conservative than NBI, irrespective of the tumor site. The rate of histologically positive margins was similar among the two methods, akin to the microvessel density. CONCLUSIONS MM assessment should be integrated but not replaced with the NBI technology to allow for more conservative surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Baj
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bolzoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Carioli
- Otolaryngology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Camilla Mazzucato
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Faversani
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bresciani
- Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Odontostomatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Maggioni
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Pasquale Capaccio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Policlinico, via Francesco Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Otolaryngology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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16
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Surov A, Meyer HJ, Höhn AK, Wienke A, Sabri O, Purz S. 18F-FDG-PET Can Predict Microvessel Density in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040543. [PMID: 30991696 PMCID: PMC6521262 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluordeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) plays an essential role in the staging and tumor monitoring of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Microvessel density (MVD) is one of the clinically important histopathological features in HNSCC. The purpose of this study was to analyze possible associations between 18F-FDG-PET findings and MVD parameters in HNSCC. Materials and Methods: Overall, 22 patients with a mean age of 55.2 ± 11.0 and with different HNSCC were acquired. In all cases, whole-body 18F-FDG-PET was performed. For each tumor, the maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUVmax; SUVmean) were determined. The MVD, including stained vessel area and total number of vessels, was estimated on CD105 stained specimens. All specimens were digitalized and analyzed by using ImageJ software 1.48v. Spearman's correlation coefficient (r) was used to analyze associations between investigated parameters. p-values of <0.05 were taken to indicate statistical significance. Results: SUVmax correlated with vessel area (r = 0.532, p = 0.011) and vessel count (r = 0.434, p = 0.043). Receiver operating characteristic analysis identified a threshold SUVmax of 15 to predict tumors with high MVD with a sensitivity of 72.7% and specificity of 81.8%, with an area under the curve of 82.6%. Conclusion: ⁸F-FDG-PET parameters correlate statistically significantly with MVD in HNSCC. SUVmax may be used for discrimination of tumors with high tumor-related MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Surov
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans Jonas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Anne-Kathrin Höhn
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06097 Halle, Germany.
| | - Osama Sabri
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Sandra Purz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 18, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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17
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Rzepakowska A, Żurek M, Grzybowski J, Pihowicz P, Górnicka B, Niemczyk K, Osuch-Wójcikiewicz E. Microvascular density and hypoxia-inducible factor in intraepithelial vocal fold lesions. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 276:1117-1125. [PMID: 30840126 PMCID: PMC6426810 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-019-05355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The promotion of neovascularisation is a crucial aspect of carcinogenesis. The study evaluates the microvascular density (MVD) and expression of hypoxia-induced factor (HIF-1α) in hypertrophic vocal fold (VF) lesions of different histopathological states including non-dysplastic, low-grade, high-grade dysplasia and invasive glottic cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Histological specimens collected from patients diagnosed and treated in a single centre with different histological grades were immunohistochemically stained with CD31, CD34 and HIF-1α. Of the total number of 77 analysed VF specimens, 20 were non-dysplastic, 20 had low-grade dysplasia, 17 high-grade dysplasia and 20 were invasive cancers. RESULTS The highest mean value for MVD evaluated with expression of CD31 (MVD CD31) was 21.23 ± 14.46 and identified in the low-grade dysplasia group. The average MVD CD31 was 13.74 ± 5.56 and 20.11 ± 9.28 in the high-grade dysplasia and invasive cancer group, respectively. The highest MVD evaluated with CD34 (MVD CD34) was revealed for invasive cancer 35.64 ± 17.21. The MVD CD34 was higher for low-grade than in high-grade dysplasia (25.87 ± 12.30 vs 24.65 ± 15.92, respectively). The expression of HIF-1α was strong or very strong in 60% of non-dysplastic lesions, 100% of low-grade dysplasia cases, 53% of high-grade dysplasia cases and 50% of invasive cancer cases. The comparison of MVD CD31 with MVD CD34 revealed a strong positive correlation (ρ value 0.727). The comparison of both MVD CD31 and MVD CD34 with HIF-1α resulted in no linear relationship (ρ value of 0.143 and 0.165, respectively). CONCLUSION The stage of low-grade dysplasia in intraepithelial vocal fold lesions is related to significant advancement of angiogenesis together with the highest hypoxia level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rzepakowska
- Otolaryngology Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Żurek
- Students Scientific Research Group by Otolaryngology Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Grzybowski
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 7, Pawińskiego Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Paweł Pihowicz
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 7, Pawińskiego Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Górnicka
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, 7, Pawińskiego Str., 02-004, Warsaw, Poland
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18
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Ludwig N, Yerneni SS, Razzo BM, Whiteside TL. Exosomes from HNSCC Promote Angiogenesis through Reprogramming of Endothelial Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 16:1798-1808. [PMID: 30042174 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For solid tumors, such as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), an adequate blood supply is of critical importance for tumor development and metastasis. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEX) accumulate in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and serve as a communication system between tumor and normal stromal cells. This study evaluates in vitro and in vivo effects mediated by TEX that result in promotion of angiogenesis. TEX produced by PCI-13 (HPV-) and UMSCC47 (HPV+) cell lines or from plasma of HNSCC patients were isolated by mini size exclusion chromatography (mini-SEC). TEX morphology, size, numbers, and molecular profile were characterized, and the angiogenesis-inducing potential was measured in arrays and real-time PCR with human endothelial cells (HUVEC). Uptake of labeled TEX by HUVECs was demonstrated by confocal microscopy. Tube formation, proliferation, migration, and adherence by HUVECs in response to TEX were investigated. The 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) oral carcinogenesis mouse model was used to confirm that TEX induce the same results in vivo TEX were found to be potent inducers of angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo through functional reprogramming and phenotypic modulation of endothelial cells. TEX carried angiogenic proteins and were internalized by HUVECs within 4 hours. TEX stimulated proliferation (P < 0.001), migration (P < 0.05), and tube formation (P < 0.001) by HUVECs and promoted formation of defined vascular structures in vivo The data suggest that TEX promote angiogenesis and drive HNSCC progression. Future efforts should focus on eliminating or silencing TEX and thereby adding new options for improving existing antiangiogenic therapies.Implications: TEX appear to play an important role in tumor angiogenesis and thus may contribute to tumor growth and metastasis of HNSCC in this context. Mol Cancer Res; 16(11); 1798-808. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Ludwig
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Beatrice M Razzo
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Theresa L Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.,Departments of Immunology and Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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