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Tambe SM, Mali S, Amin PD, Oliveira M. Neuroprotective potential of cannabidiol: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:236-244. [PMID: 36973157 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), a nonpsychotropic phytocannabinoid that was once largely disregarded, is currently the subject of significant medicinal study. CBD is found in Cannabis sativa, and has a myriad of neuropharmacological impacts on the central nervous system, including the capacity to reduce neuroinflammation, protein misfolding and oxidative stress. On the other hand, it is well established that CBD generates its biological effects without exerting a large amount of intrinsic activity upon cannabinoid receptors. Because of this, CBD does not produce undesirable psychotropic effects that are typical of marijuana derivatives. Nonetheless, CBD displays the exceptional potential to become a supplementary medicine in various neurological diseases. Currently, many clinical trials are being conducted to investigate this possibility. This review focuses on the therapeutic effects of CBD in managing neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy. Overall, this review aims to build a stronger understanding of CBD and provide guidance for future fundamental scientific and clinical investigations, opening a new therapeutic window for neuroprotection. Please cite this article as: Tambe SM, Mali S, Amin PD, Oliveira M. Neuroprotective potential of Cannabidiol: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J Integr Med. 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srushti M Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga East, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Suraj Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi 835215, India
| | - Purnima D Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga East, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Mozaniel Oliveira
- Adolpho Ducke Laboratory, Emilio Goeldi Museum, Para 66077-830, Brazil.
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Luz-Veiga M, Azevedo-Silva J, Fernandes JC. Beyond Pain Relief: A Review on Cannabidiol Potential in Medical Therapies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:155. [PMID: 37259306 PMCID: PMC9958812 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) is receiving increasing attention due to its pharmacological properties. Although CBD is extracted from Cannabis sativa, it lacks the psychoactive effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and has become an attractive compound for pharmacological uses due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic potential. The molecular mechanisms involved in CBD's biological effects are not limited to its interaction with classical cannabinoid receptors, exerting anti-inflammatory or pain-relief effects. Several pieces of evidence demonstrate that CBD interacts with other receptors and cellular signaling cascades, which further support CBD's therapeutic potential beyond pain management. In this review, we take a closer look at the molecular mechanisms of CBD and its potential therapeutic application in the context of cancer, neurodegeneration, and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Luz-Veiga
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Azevedo-Silva
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - João C. Fernandes
- CBQF—Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina—Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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Perez M, Cartarozzi LP, Chiarotto GB, Guimarães FS, Oliveira ALRD. Short and long-term neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol after neonatal peripheral nerve axotomy. Neuropharmacology 2021; 197:108726. [PMID: 34303725 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal rat sciatic nerve crush mimics obstetric axonotmesis, leading to extensive loss of motor and sensory neurons. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective potential of cannabidiol (CBD) and the role of cannabinoid receptors after sciatic nerve crush in neonatal rats. For that, two-day-old Wistar rats were used, organized into the following experimental groups: sciatic nerve crush plus CBD treatment (CBD), crush plus vehicle treatment (VE), crush + CBD + AM251 treatment (AM251 - CB1 inverse agonist), crush + CBD + AM630 treatment (AM630 - CB2 antagonist). Spinal motoneuron survival was evaluated by Nissl staining of the lumbar spinal cord, 5- and 56-days following injury. CBD treatment enhanced neuronal survival by ~54 % both 5 days and 8 weeks after injury. However, AM251 and AM630 treatment decreased neuronal rescue by 30 % when compared to the CBD group, suggesting that CBD acts partially through such pathways. However, in the long term, only the CB1 blockade reverted CBD positive results. Synaptic preservation was evaluated by anti-synaptophysin immunolabeling. Five days after the lesion, CBD treatment preserved ~35 % of synapses in the ventral horn, and such effect was partially reversed by CB1 inactivation. Additionally, CBD treatment reduced astroglial reaction both at 5 days (39 %, compared to VE) and 8 weeks (31 %, compared to VE) after lesion. The microglial response was acutely reduced by 62 % after CBD treatment. Overall, the results herein show that CBD is neuroprotective, increasing neuronal survival and reducing glial reaction after neonatal axotomy. Such effects require CB1 and CB2 receptors to be effective, in turn influencing neuroprotection, glial reactivity, and functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Perez
- Laboratory of Nerve Regeneration, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Cidade Universitaria "Zeferino Vaz", Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil; School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-907, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Politti Cartarozzi
- Laboratory of Nerve Regeneration, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Cidade Universitaria "Zeferino Vaz", Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Bortolança Chiarotto
- Laboratory of Nerve Regeneration, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Cidade Universitaria "Zeferino Vaz", Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco Silveira Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-907, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Nerve Regeneration, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Cidade Universitaria "Zeferino Vaz", Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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