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Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang Y, Wan B, Zhang J, He W, Hu D, Yang Y, Lai J, He M, Chen C. Exposure to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 100 µT exerts no DNA damage in cardiomyocytes. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.041293. [PMID: 31362949 PMCID: PMC6737969 DOI: 10.1242/bio.041293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of exposure to magnetic fields (MFs) at electric frequencies (50-60 Hz) on carcinogenicity are still in debate. Whether exposure to MFs affects the heart is also a debated issue. This study aimed to determine whether exposure to extremely low frequency MFs (ELF-MFs) induced DNA damage in cardiomyocytes both in vitro and in vivo Human ventricular cardiomyocytes were exposed to 50 Hz ELF-MF at 100 µT for 1 h continuously or 75 min intermittently. The effects of the treatments were evaluated by DNA damage, redox status changes and relative signal molecular expression. Moreover, ten male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a 50 Hz MF at 100 µT for 7 days, while another 10 rats were sham exposed. The protein levels of p53 and Hsp70 in heart tissue were analyzed by western blot. The results showed that exposure to ELF-MF did not induce DNA damage, changes to cell cycle distribution or increased reactive oxygen species level. No significant differences were detected in p53 and Hsp70 expression level between the ELF-MF and sham-exposure groups both in vitro and in vivo All these data indicate that MFs at power-frequency may not cause DNA damage in cardiomyocytes.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xingfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yemao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Baoquan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiangong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection, High Voltage Research Institute, China Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Wei He
- Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Dong Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinsheng Lai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mengying He
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiologic Disorders, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Golbach LA, Portelli LA, Savelkoul HFJ, Terwel SR, Kuster N, de Vries RBM, Verburg-van Kemenade BML. Calcium homeostasis and low-frequency magnetic and electric field exposure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:695-706. [PMID: 26872872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency magnetic field (LF MF) exposure is recurrently suggested to have the ability to induce health effects in society. Therefore, in vitro model systems are used to investigate biological effects of exposure. LF MF induced changes of the cellular calcium homeostasis are frequently hypothesised to be the possible target, but this hypothesis is both substantiated and rejected by numerous studies in literature. Despite the large amount of data, no systematic analysis of in vitro studies has been conducted to address the strength of evidence for an association between LF MF exposure and calcium homeostasis. Our systematic review, with inclusion of 42 studies, showed evidence for an association of LF MF with internal calcium concentrations and calcium oscillation patterns. The oscillation frequency increased, while the amplitude and the percentage of oscillating cells remained constant. The intracellular calcium concentration increased (SMD 0.351, 95% CI 0.126, 0.576). Subgroup analysis revealed heterogeneous effects associated with the exposure frequency, magnetic flux density and duration. Moreover, we found support for the presence of MF-sensitive cell types. Nevertheless, some of the included studies may introduce a great risk of bias as a result of uncontrolled or not reported exposure conditions, temperature ranges and ambient fields. In addition, mathematical calculations of the parasitic induced electric fields (IEFs) disclosed their association with increased intracellular calcium. Our results demonstrate that LF MF might influence the calcium homeostasis in cells in vitro, but the risk of bias and high heterogeneity (I(2)>75%) weakens the analyses. Therefore any potential clinical implications await further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke A Golbach
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, P.O.Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas A Portelli
- The Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Zeughausstrasse 43, CH-8004 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Huub F J Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, P.O.Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie R Terwel
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University, P.O.Box 338, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Kuster
- The Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Zeughausstrasse 43, CH-8004 Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, Swiss Federal Technical Institute (ETHZ), Gloriastrasse 35, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rob B M de Vries
- SYRCLE, Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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Rostami A, Shahani M, Zarrindast MR, Semnanian S, Rahmati Roudsari M, Rezaei Tavirani M, Hasanzadeh H. Effects of 3 Hz and 60 Hz Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Anxiety-Like Behaviors, Memory Retention of Passive Avoidance and Electrophysiological Properties of Male Rats. J Lasers Med Sci 2016; 7:120-5. [PMID: 27330708 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2016.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effects of electromagnetic fields on biological organisms have been a controversial and also interesting debate over the past few decades, despite the wide range of investigations, many aspects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF/EMFs) effects including mechanism of their interaction with live organisms and also their possible biological applications still remain ambiguous. In the present study, we investigated whether the exposures of ELF/EMF with frequencies of 3 Hz and 60 Hz can affect the memory, anxiety like behaviors, electrophysiological properties and brain's proteome in rats. METHODS Male rats were exposed to 3 Hz and 60 Hz ELF/EMFs in a protocol consisting of 2 cycles of 2 h/day exposure for 4 days separated with a 2-day interval. Short term memory and anxiety like behaviors were assessed immediately, 1 and 2 weeks after the exposures. Effects of short term exposure were also assessed using electrophysiological approach immediately after 2 hours exposure. RESULTS Behavioral test revealed that immediately after the end of exposures, locomotor activity of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposed groups significantly decreased compared to sham group. This exposure protocol had no effect on anxiety like behavior during the 2 weeks after the treatment and also on short term memory. A significant reduction in firing rate of locus coeruleus (LC) was found after 2 hours of both 3 Hz and 60 Hz exposures. Proteome analysis also revealed global changes in whole brain proteome after treatment. CONCLUSION Here, some evidence regarding the fact that such exposures can alter locomotor activity and neurons firing rate in male rats were presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Rostami
- Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Shahani
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Semnanian
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Hadi Hasanzadeh
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Medical Physics, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Luo FL, Yang N, He C, Li HL, Li C, Chen F, Xiong JX, Hu ZA, Zhang J. Exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields alters the calcium dynamics of cultured entorhinal cortex neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 135:236-246. [PMID: 25462671 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have revealed that extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) exposure affects neuronal dendritic spine density and NMDAR and AMPAR subunit expressions in the entorhinal cortex (EC). Although calcium signaling has a critical role in control of EC neuronal functions, however, it is still unclear whether the ELF-EMF exposure affects the EC neuronal calcium homeostasis. In the present study, using whole-cell recording and calcium imaging, we record the whole-cell inward currents that contain the voltage-gated calcium currents and show that ELF-EMF (50Hz, 1mT or 3mT, lasting 24h) exposure does not influence these currents. Next, we specifically isolate the high-voltage activated (HVA) and low-voltage activated (LVA) calcium channels-induced currents. Similarly, the activation and inactivation characteristics of these membrane calcium channels are also not influenced by ELF-EMF. Importantly, ELF-EMF exposure reduces the maximum amplitude of the high-K(+)-evoked calcium elevation in EC neurons, which is abolished by thapsigargin, a Ca(2+) ATPase inhibitor, to empty the intracellular calcium stores of EC neurons. Together, these findings indicate that ELF-EMF exposure specifically influences the intracellular calcium dynamics of cultural EC neurons via a calcium channel-independent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen-Lan Luo
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Nian Yang
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chao He
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hong-Li Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jia-Xiang Xiong
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Zhi-An Hu
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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Liu W, Zheng X, Qu Z, Zhang M, Zhou C, Ma L, Zhang Y. Effect of 935-MHz phone-simulating electromagnetic radiation on endometrial glandular cells during mouse embryo implantation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 32:755-759. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-012-1030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Hwang YH, Song HS, Kim HR, Ko MS, Jeong JM, Kim YH, Ryu JS, Sohn UD, Gimm YM, Myung SH, Sim SS. Intracellular Ca Mobilization and Beta-hexosaminidase Release Are Not Influenced by 60 Hz-electromagnetic Fields (EMF) in RBL 2H3 Cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2011; 15:313-7. [PMID: 22128265 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2011.15.5.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) on intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and cellular function in RBL 2H3 cells were investigated. Exposure to EMF (60 Hz, 0.1 or 1 mT) for 4 or 16 h did not produce any cytotoxic effects in RBL 2H3 cells. Melittin, ionomycin and thapsigargin each dose-dependently increased the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration. The increase of intracellular Ca(2+) induced by these three agents was not affected by exposure to EMF (60 Hz, 1 mT) for 4 or 16 h in RBL 2H3 cells. To investigate the effect of EMF on exocytosis, we measured beta-hexosaminidase release in RBL 2H3 cells. Basal release of beta-hexosaminidase was 12.3±2.3% in RBL 2H3 cells. Exposure to EMF (60 Hz, 0.1 or 1 mT) for 4 or 16 h did not affect the basal or 1 µM melittin-induced beta-hexosaminidase release in RBL 2H3 cells. This study suggests that exposure to EMF (60 Hz, 0.1 or 1 mT), which is the limit of occupational exposure, has no influence on intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and cellular function in RBL 2H3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Hee Hwang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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Basile A, Zeppa R, Pasquino N, Arra C, Ammirante M, Festa M, Barbieri A, Giudice A, Pascale M, Turco MC, Rosati A. Exposure to 50 Hz electromagnetic field raises the levels of the anti-apoptotic protein BAG3 in melanoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2901-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Lerchl A. Are these data real? Comments on "No effects of intermittent 50 Hz EMF on cytoplasmic free calcium and on the mitochondrial membrane potential in human diploid fibroblasts." by Pilger et al. (Radiat Environ Biophys 43:203-7 (2004)). RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:491-497. [PMID: 20364265 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-010-0280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Friedl AA, Rühm W. Editorial expression of concern regarding: Pilger A et al. (2004) No effects of intermittent 50 Hz EMF on cytoplasmic free calcium and on the mitochondrial membrane potential in human diploid fibroblasts, Radiat Environ Biophys 43:203-207. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:293-294. [PMID: 20376675 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-010-0282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Lerchl A, Wilhelm AF. Critical comments on DNA breakage by mobile-phone electromagnetic fields [Diem et al., Mutat. Res. 583 (2005) 178–183]. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2010; 697:60-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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