de Jong D, Kremer BPH, Olde Rikkert MGM, Verbeek MM. Current state and future directions of neurochemical biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;
45:1421-34. [PMID:
17970699 DOI:
10.1515/cclm.2007.320]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we summarize the current state-of-the-art of neurochemical biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. Predominantly, these biomarkers comprise cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers directly related to the pathophysiology of this disorder (such as amyloid beta protein, tau protein). We particularly pay attention to the innovations in this area that have been made in technological aspects during the past 5 years (e.g., multiplex analysis of biomarkers, proteomics), to the discovery of novel, potential biomarkers (e.g., amyloid beta oligomers, isoprostanes), and to the extension of this research towards identification of biomarkers in plasma.
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